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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2017 February Galveston County Multi-Jurisdictiona Hazard Mitigation PlanGalveston County Multi -Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan Bayou Uista Clear Lake Shores Friendswood Galueston County Hitchcock Jamaica Beach Kemah La Marque League City February 2017 Galveston County Multi- Jurisdictional :; C Hazard Mitigation Plan Table of Contents 1.1 Background................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Scope.................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Purpose................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Authority .................................................................. 1-3 1.5 Summary of Sections........................................................ 1-3 1.6 Plan Adoption.............................................................. 1-5 2.1 Planning Process Overview ................................................... 2-1 2.2 Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Council and Planning Team ...................... 2-1 2.3 GCHMC Plan Development Meetings ............................................ 2-2 2.4 Public and Stakeholder Engagement ............................................ 2-8 2.5 Review and Incorporation of Existing Plans ....................................... 2-12 2.6 Plan Maintenance Procedures ................................................. 2-13 2.7 Continued Public Involvement ................................................. 2-18 3.1 Overview.................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Population and Demographics ................................................. 3-3 3.3 Ethnicity ................................................................... 3-9 3.4 Age...................................................................... 3-10 3.5 Education................................................................. 3-11 3.6 Housing and Household Income ................................................ 3-12 3.7 Economy and Industry....................................................... 3-14 3.8 Land Use and Development Trends ............................................. 3-19 4.1 Identify Hazards and Inventory Assets ........................................... 4-1 4.2 Overview of Hazard Analysis .................................................. 4-10 4.3 Risk Ranking............................................................... 4-14 4.4 Conclusion................................................................ 4-17 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I i Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _•• Hazard Mitigation Plan 5.1 Description................................................................ 5-1 5.2 Location................................................................... 5-3 5.3 Extent.................................................................... 5-4 5.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 5-6 5.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 5-9 5.6 Vulnerability Assessment .............................................MINE.... 5-9 5.7 Impact .................................................4.................. 5-11 6.1 Descriplion................................................................ 6-1 6.2 Location................................................................... 6-2 6.3 Extent .................................................................... 6-15 6.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 6-18 6.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 6-20 6.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 6-21 6.7 Impact.................................................................... 6-27 7.1 Descripiion................................................................ 7-1 7.2 Location..................................................................4 7-2 7.3 Extent.................................................................... 7-2 7.4 Historical Occurrences............................A.4........4............... 7-4 7.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 7-5 7.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 7-5 7.7 Impact.................................................................... 7-6 8.1 Description................................................................ 8-1 8.2 Location................................................................... 8-1 8.3 Extent ...................................4................................ 8-3 8.4 Historical Occurrences ......................................................1 8-4 8.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 8-5 8.6 Vulnerability Assessment......................................4.............. 8-5 8.7 Impact .......... ...................... .............. ................I..... 8-7 ii Galveston County I Ba1-ou Vista I Clear Lakr Shores I Priendsr000d I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemeh I La Mart)ue I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S� Hazard Mitigation Plan Windstorm 9.2 Location................................................................... 9-3 9.3 Extent.................................................................... 9-4 9.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 9-5 9.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 9-6 9.6 Vulnerability Assessment ..................................................... 9-7 9.7 Impact....., i,omm pmmmmm&q mom momma mom, P4 4m4p, , oppio4o,opp P a 9-8 10.1 Descriplion................................................................ 10-1 10.2 Location................................................................... 10-1 10.3 Extent.................................................................... 10-2 10.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 10-3 10.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 10-4 10.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 10-4 10.7 Impact..................................................................... 10-5 11.1 Descriptien................................................................ 11-1 11.2 Location................................................................... 11-1 11.3 Extent.................................................................... 11-3 11.4 Historical Occurrences...................................................4... 1 1 -4 11.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 1 1 A 11.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 11-5 11.7 Impact.................................................................... 11-5 Section 12 Severe Winter Weather 12.1 Description................................................................ 12-1 12.2 Location .......................................... 1........................ 12-1 12.3 Extent.................................................................... 12-2 12.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 12-4 12.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 12-5 12.6 Vulnerability Assessment..............................6...................... 12-5 12.7 Impact............................................................I....... 12-5 Galveston County 16a}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I iii Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 13.1 Description................................................................ 13-1 13.2 Location................................................................... 13-1 13.3 Extent.................................................................... 13-2 13.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 13-5 13.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 13-7 13.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 13-7 13.7 Impact.................................................................... 13-8 14.1 Description................................................................ 14-1 14.2 Location................................................................... 14-2 14.3 Extent.................................................................... 14-3 14.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 14-5 14.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 14-6 14.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 14-7 14.7 Impact ............................................. A...................... 14-8 15.1 Description ............................................. ................... 15-1 15.2 Location................................................................... 15-2 15.3 Extent.................................................................... 15-10 15A Historical Occurrences...................................4................... 15-11 15.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 15-16 15.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 15-16 15.7 Impact.................................................................... 15-17 16.1 Description................................................................ 16-1 16.2 Localion..................................................................1 16-2 16.3 Extent.................................................................6.. 16-2 16A Historical Occurrences.................................6..................... 16-3 16.5 Probability of Future Events ....................... 6 . I .. , ...................... 16-5 16.6 Vulnerability Assessment ................. ....... ....... I..................... 16-5 16.7 Impact.................................................................... 16-5 iv Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 17.1 Description........I.I.I.......................... ......................... 17-1 17.2 Location................................................................... 17-4 17.3 Extent .............................................................6...... 17-9 17.4 Historical Occurrences....................................................... 17-9 17.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 17-10 17.6 Vulnerability Assessment....................................6................ 17-10 17.7 Impact.................................................................... 17-12 18.1 Descriplion................................................................ 18-1 18.2 Location................................................................... 18-1 18.3 Extent', 144,11,444 , , 1 4 , 1 4 , 4 4 . ....................................... 18-1 18A Historical Occurrences.......................................4............... 18-2 18.5 Probability of Future Events ................................................... 18-2 18.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 18-3 18.7 Impact, .. 44 , , ............................ d ............... 4 .... 18-4 19.7 Description................................................................ 19-1 19.2 Location................................................................... 19-2 19.3 Extent.................................................................... 19-5 19A Historical Occurrences....................................................... 19-7 19.5 Probability of Future Events ...................... 6 ............................ 19-7 19.6 Vulnerability Assessment..................................................... 19-8 19.7 Impact.................................................................... 19-10 20.1 Overview.................................................................. 20-1 20.2 Conducting the Capability Assessment............ I . . I ........................... 20-1 20.3 Conclusions ....................................... ....... I................. 20-12 20 4 Recommendations for Expanding and Improving on Existing Authorit es, Policies, Programs, 20-13 andResources....................................6........................ Gahreston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I v Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island }SRI,S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 21.1 Update on Previous Plan's Mitigation Actions ...... I ..... I ........................ 21-1 21.2 Mitigation Goals and Objectives ...................... 6 ........................1 21-28 21.3 Mitigation Action Plans 2016-2020..................1........................... 21-29 22.1 National Flood Insurance Program Participation ................................... 22-1 22.2 Repetitive Loss and Severe Repetitive Loss Properties ............................. 22-2 22.3 Continued Compliance in the NFIP .................... I . , ....................... 22-11 A Introduction A-1 FEMA Approval Letter and Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool A-2 Adoption Resolutions B Planning Process and Plan Maintenance B-1 GCHMC Meeting Documentation B-2 Public/Stakeholder Meeting Documentation and Online Survey B-3 Plan Maintenance Tools C Hazard IdenOfica0on and Risk Assessment Results of Ranking Process D Mitigation Strategy D-1 Mitigation Action and Objectives Crosswalk D-2 Mitigation Action Ranking Methodology and Ranking Worksheets E Repetitive Flood Properties Database F Critical Facilities and Infrastructure G Technological Hazards H Completed Plan Maintenance Documents I � vi Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friends rood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island .f Galveston County Multi jurisdictional v Hazard Mitigation Plan ••-- 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background Galveston County is susceptible to a wide range of hazards, including hurricanes and tropical storms, thunderstorms, flooding, tornadoes and wildfires. These life -threatening hazards can destroy property, disrupt the economy and lower the overall quality of life for individuals. This was evident with the destruction and devastation caused by Hurricane Ike, which made landfall on September 13, 2008.1 While it is impossible to prevent a hazard event from occurring, the impact of hazards can be lessened in terms of their effect on people and property. This concept is known as hazard mitigation, which is defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their effectS.2 Communities participate in hazard mitigation by developing hazard mitigation plans. The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) and FEMA have authority to review and approve hazard mitigation plans through the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. Galveston County has been involved in mitigation planning since 2006, The evolution of the original plan development and subsequent updates are provided in Table 1.1. Table 1.1: Hazard Mitigation Plan Development and Update Process 1 Hurricane Ike is discussed in further detail in Section 5 2 www.fema.gov Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 14 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 1.2 Scope The focus of the plan update is to mitigate hazards as determined through a detailed hazard risk assessment conducted for Galveston County. Hazards that pose a "low" or "negligible' risk will continue to be evaluated during future updates to the plan. This enables the county and its participating jurisdictions and partners to prioritize mitigation actions based on hazards which are understood to present the greatest risk to lives and property. This plan update includes changes in which jurisdictions chose to participate in the multi -jurisdiction planning process. The cities of Galveston, Dickinson, and Texas City opted not to join and Friendswood, Santa Fe, and League City were added as participants. Table 1.2 includes a listing of those included in the update to the 2016-2020 plan who are seeking approval. Table 1.2: Participating Jurisdictions Seeking Approval Galveston County (including unincorporated areas)7WIyage City of Bayou Vista rque City of Clear lake Shores Citye City City of Friendswood Fe City of Hitchcock i Island City of Jamaica Beach 1.3 Purpose The overarching goal of the update is to minimize or eliminate long-term risks to human life and property from known hazards by identifying and implementing cost-effective mitigation actions. The purpose of the update is twofold: to protect people and structures, and to minimize the costs ofdisaster response and recovery. This multi -jurisdiction plan was developed to: • Identify hazards • Review past disasters • Assess county and municipal hazard risk and vulnerability • Identify and promote mitigation efforts I �, 1-2 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island pIt ;; Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan •.-- 1.4 Authority The updated plan is tailored specifically far Galveston County and "Ir the participating jurisdictions seeking approval therein, and ;FEMA reflects conditions that have changed since the completion of the 2011 to 2016 plan. When complete, the 2016 to 2020 plan will comply with the requirements promulgated by the TDEM and all applicable provisions of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, Section 104 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) (P.L. 106-390), and the Bunning-Bereuter-Blumenauer Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-264), which amended the National Flood Insurance Act (NFIA) of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4001, et al). It also complies with FEMA's February 26, 2002 Interim Final Rule ("the Rule") at 44 CFR Part 201 which specifies the criteria for approval of mitigation plans required in Section 322 of the DMA 2000, The updated plan will also be developed in accordance with FEMA's Community Rating System (CRS) Floodplain Management Plan standards and policies. In 2012, FEMA revised the crosswalk review process and developed the Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool.' The improved tool provides constructive recommendations from FEMA on areas that could be explored, with future updates added to strengthen the jurisdiction's plan for effective mitigation strategies. A copy of the completed Local Mitigation Plan Tool is provided in Appendix A-1 along with the formal approval letter from FEMA. 1.5 Summary of Sections Section 2: Planning Process is a complete account of the planning committee and public/stakeholder meetings held during the planning process. Information provided includes meeting summaries of information presented and discussions made, sign in sheets, and communication used to gather data and advertise for public input. This section also includes the Plan Maintenance Process and how the GCHMC and their respective officials will integrate this plan with all other planning initiatives, regulations and ordinances. Procedures are also defined within this section to evaluate the effectiveness of this plan through a review of the progress made towards implementation of mitigation actions, public/stakeholder involvement and identification of additional risks that may surface following the development and approval of this plan update. Section 3: Community Profile provides a general description of the participating jurisdictions within the Galveston County planning area with their respective demographic, geographic and economic characteristics. This section also addresses land use, housing and infrastructure for the planning area. s Local Mitigation Planning Handbook (March 2013) Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I t-litchcock I "1-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I LaMarque I LeagueCity (Santa Fe ITiki Island f A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Sections 4 to 19: The Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment outlines hazards that are prone to the planning area and the process used to identify hazards for this plan. Relevant background data, location/extent, historical occurrences, probability of future impacts, estimating future losses, and mitigation strategies are also provided. Section 20: Capability Assessmentyrovides the ability of the participating jurisdictions to implement mitigation strategies and identify and areas where improvements/enhancements should be considered to further advance mitigation strategies. Section 21: Mitigation Strategy provides a summary of the accomplishments and needs into a systematic approach to achieving the planning area's goals. This section includes an update of the goals and actions from the previous approved plans and the process used to redefine the goals into a multi -jurisdictional approach. Detailed 2016-2020 mitigation action plans by participating jurisdiction are also provided in this section. Section 22: Repetitive Flood Properties documents each participating jurisdictions participation and compliance with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and Community Rating System (CRS). A summary of the number of repetitive loss properties listed in the NFIP and progress made on mitigating these structures is also provided. 1-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional bb Hazard Mitigation Plan •...• 1.6 Plan Adoption The Galveston County Mutti-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan has been developed in accordance with 44 CRF §201.6 and has been adopted by each participating jurisdiction. Table 1.3 provides a summary of the dates each plan was formally adopted and copies of the executed adoption resolutions are provided in Appendix A-2. Table 1.3: Participating Jurisdiction's Plan Adoption Process Galveston County Bayou Vista 7 77 Clear Lake Shores Friendswood Hitchcock Jamaica Beach Kemah La Marque League City Santa Fe Tiki Island Gahestai County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 1-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S p Hazard Mitigation Plan 2.0 Planning Process and Plan Maintenance 2.1 Planning Process Overview According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), any successful planning activity, such as the development of a hazard mitigation plan, involves bringing together a cross-section of stakeholders to reach a consensus in achieving a desired outcome or resolve a community problem. The jurisdictions participating in this plan support this initiative through daily interaction with residents, officials and business leaders in local and surrounding communities and participate in various planning initiatives including the development of the Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. By fostering these relationships, mitigation planning will move closer to achieving its objective of saving lives and reducing future losses resulting from natural disasters. In developing the Plan update, the consultant team used the March 2013 "Local Mitigation Planning Handbook" to meet the Interim Final Rule for Local Mitigation Planning found in §44 CFR 201.6. Meetings were held throughout the planning process and are described herein. The following factors used in updating the 2011 plan were taken into consideration for this plan update: • Whether the goals address current and expected conditions; • If the nature/magnitude of risks have changed; • If there are current resources appropriate for implementing the Plan; • Whether implementation problems, such as technical, political, legal or coordination issues hinder development; • If outcomes have occurred as expected; and • How communities, agencies, and partners participated in the implementation process. 2.2 Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Council and Planning Team The Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Council (GCHMC) members identified in Table 2.1 were selected by county/city officials to serve as their designated representative. These individuals were given the responsibility to guide the decision -making process throughout the planning process, assist with the identification of data and needs for inclusion in the plan, and review the draft plan before submittal to the TDEM and FEMA for state and federal approval. The GCHMC members will present the approved, pending adoption plan to their respective county/city officials for formal Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island -� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan adoption; and on behalf of their jurisdiction, assist with the integration of the goals and plan maintenance procedures outlined in this plan with other planning initiatives and actions. To facilitate effective communication and consensus with decisions, Galveston County's Emergency Management Coordinator and Deputy Emergency Management Coordinator served as chairmen of the GCHMC. Table 2.1: Members of the Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Council Bayou Vista Larry Whittington, Sr., Police Chief Clear Lake Shores Kenny Cook, Emergency Management Coordinator Galveston County Garret Foskit, Emergency Management Coordinator Meaghan Kennedy, Deputy Emergency Management Coordinator Friendswood Terry Byrd, Emergency Management Coordinator Hitchcock John Hamm, Emergency Management Coordinator Jamaica Beach John Brick, Emergency Management Coordinator Kemah Brent Hahn, Assistant Emergency Management Coordinator La Marque Charlene Warren, Emergency Management Coordinator League City Ryan Edghill, Emergency Management Coordinator Santa Fe I Kenneth Campbell, Emergency Management Coordinator Tiki Island Bryan Springer, Emergency Management Coordinator True North Emergency Management provided two planners, A. "Ryan' Williams and Rebecca Boone to work alongside the GCHMC members and develop the 2016 updated plan and present to TDEM and FEMA for approval. Raymond Mejia, CPP, Hazard Mitigation Planner from TDEM's Mitigation Section provided technical assistance throughout the planning process. 2.3 GCHMC Plan Development Meetings The GCHMC met three times during the planning process to systematically review data and planning documents, prioritize and rank hazards and mitigation actions, and provide input on jurisdictional needs and changes for inclusion in the plan update. Also, six mitigation strategy workshops were held throughout the planning area to solidify the mitigation goals, objectives, and actions for each participating jurisdiction. The GCHMC members were encouraged to invite officials and stakeholders to participate in these meetings. 2-2 Galveston County Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores Priendswood Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional �_ a Hazard Mitigation Plan Each of these planning steps resulted in critical work products and outcomes that collectively make up the updated plan. These events are described below and supporting documentation (agendas, sign -in sheets, presentations, etc. are provided in Appendix B.1. Date: October 19, 2015 Time: 3-5:00 p.m. Location: Doyle Center, 2010 5U Avenue, Texas City Introduction Plan Update Overview Community Report Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Mit gation Strategies Schedule Questions and Dismissal Meeting Summary Meaghan Kennedy, Deputy EMC, Galveston County welcomed the meeting participants and introduced True North Emergency Management as the consultant hired to update the county, and 1 participating jurisdiction's, 2011-2016 hazard mitigation plan. Rebecca Boone, representing True North, opened the meeting with introductions from the planning team and then provided a brief overview of what this mitigation plan update entails and the importance of working together to develop an updated plan that will meet the participating jurisdictions' needs for the next five years were discussed. Projects and mitigation efforts outlined in the plan will assist with the development of grant applications and obtaining potential funding. Rebecca invited the represented jurisdictions to share what their mitigation opportunities and challenges are. In general, funding and improving drainage have been a challenge for the majority of the planning area. Opportunities noted included enhancing outreach to the public (social media and reaching non-English speaking communities); continuance of elevation and buyout programs, having the support of officials and the public have led to many successes. Ryan Williams, True North, reviewed the list of hazards profiled in the current hazard mitigation plan as compared to the current State of Texas plan, and FEMA guidance. Additional hazards will be brought forward for possible inclusion in this plan update: coastal erosion and retreat, land subsidence, expansive soils, tsunami, and lightning. Based on this analysis, the GCHMC selected the following hazards for inclusion in the plan update: Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan • Coastal Erosion and Retreat • Dam/Levee Failure • Drought • Earthquake • Expansive Soils • Extreme Heat • Flood (Coastal and Inland) • Hailstorms • Windstorms • Hurricane/Tropical Storm • Wildfire (Urban • Land Subsidence and Rural) • Lightning • Pipeline failure • Severe Winter Weather ' Hazardous Material • Tornado Incidents • Tsunami Next the meeting participants received an overview of the mitigation strategy section of the plan and a list of the mitigation goals and objectives identified by the participating jurisdictions in their previous plans. Rebecca suggested the GCHMC representatives download and review the FEMA Mitigation Ideas Handbook and the HMA Unified Guidance to help them identify new mitigation actions for inclusion in the plan update. The planning team will work with each jurisdiction over the course of the next few months to determine changes and additions to their mitigation strategy section of the plan. 2-4 Galveston County 16aynu Vista I Clear Lake Shores Friendsceuod Flitchaick Jamaica Qeach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Smrta Fe I Tiki Islmxl oil Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` Hazard Mitigation Plan Date: November 17, 2015 Time: 2:00-3:30 p.m. Location: Doyle Center, 2010 5U Avenue, Texas City Meeting Summary Introduction Approval of Previous Meeting Minutes Plan Update Overview Review of Capability Assessment Public Online Survey Results Hazard List and Summarize Findings Hazard Ranking Next Steps The main purpose of this meeting was to evaluate the hazard data trends and complete the hazard ranking process to determine the risk level of each jurisdiction. Ryan Williams presented an overview of the data obtained from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) to assist the GCHMC members to relate the impacts of previous events to the ranking methodology exercise. I �I The hazard ranking methodology analyzed hazard impacts based on the following criteria: area impacted, health/safety consequences, property damage, environmental damage, and economic disruption. These characteristics were evaluated along with the likelihood of occurrence to determine the overall vulnerability for each participating jurisdiction. See Section 4 — Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Overview for details of this process. Mitigation Strategy Workshops Date Time LocalionlJurisdiction Agenda Jan. 5, 2016 9-11:00 1111 Bayou Road, La Marque Review Mitigation Goals and Objectives 1-3:00 3950 FM 646 North, Santa Fe Review Previous Plan's Mitigation Actions 3:45-5:00 1600 Whitaker Drive, Friendswood Review and Prioritize 2016 Mitigation Actions Jan. 6, 2016 8:30-10:30 783c Marlin, Bayou Vista Identify Additional Mitigation Actions Bayou Vista, Hitchcock, Tiki Revi Island, and Jamaica Beach ew Critical Facilities/Infrastructure Lists 3:00-5:00 555 W. Walker, League City League City, Clear Lake Shores, and Kemah Jan. 7, 2016 10-11:00 1301 FM 646 Rd W, Dickinson Galveston Count Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 2-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Rebecca Boone, True North, scheduled am ga onworkshop with each jurisdiction to conduct a formal review of the mitigation actions selected for inclusion in the plan, address any missing data, and provide a final review of their critical facilities and infrastructure lists. The GCHMC was asked to invite officials, stakeholders, and any other interested parties that have an interest in assisting with implementing mitigation strategies to this workshop. Tiki Island and Hitchcock were not able to attend the scheduled meeting, so their discussions were held on a conference call on January 20 and 22, 2016 respectively. In summary, the following items were addressed: • Review of how the previously approved plan's mitigation goals and objectives tie into the revised goals and objectives for the 2016-2020 plan update. (See Section 24 and Appendix D-1 for details) • Review previous mitigation action tables and addressed missing data or provide clarification as to the progress made. (See Section 24, Tables 24.1 to 24.10) • Review and prioritized 2016 mitigation action tables. Each action was reviewed, and missing data or clarification was provided. To further strengthen the mitigation strategies for each jurisdiction, a list of suggested mitigation actions was provided, and those applicable to the jurisdictions were incorporated into their final mitigation action plans. (See Section 24, Tables 24.11 to 24.21) • Next, each jurisdiction walked through an evaluation process to determine the priority level (low, moderate, or high). (See Section 24, Subsection 243 for details) • Lastly, a copy of the critical facilities and infrastructure locations was provided to each jurisdiction to look over to determine if all relevant facilities were included In closing each workshop session, Rebecca provided an overview of the status of the draft plan and how the review process will be conducted. She also opened the floor for questions and comments related to the plan and ensuring that each jurisdiction's needs have been made known to the planning team for inclusion in the plan update. 2-6 Galveston County I L3a}'ou Vista Clear Lake Shorev I Friendstwod Hitdsock Jvnaica Bench I Kemah I La \Marque I League City I Swita Fe I Tiki Islvid l Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 'I S a Hazard Mitigation Plan Date: January 20, 2016 Welcome Time: 10:00 a.m. to 12:-00 p.m. Approval of Previous Meeting Minutes Location: Bayou Vista Community Center, 783C Martin, Bayou Vista Plan Update Overview Review of Hazard Analysis Review of Repetitive Flood Loss Next Steps Meetine Summary This meeting was hosted by Bayou Vista in their community center. Meaghan Kenney, Deputy EMC, Galveston County welcomed the meeting participants and introduced Ryan Williams, True North. Subsequently, attendees introduced themselves by name, agency, and jurisdiction. The previous meeting minutes had been distributed with the meeting invitation and were approved by the group. Natural hazards data compiled from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) and information from additional reference sources was presented. PowerPoint and hand out materials added depth to the quantitative analysis of risks through identified losses and number of occurrences and also solidified descriptions of individual hazards. Participating jurisdictions were asked to review their previous rankings and ensure they were in final form. Some minor revisions to the hazard list including the breakout of lightning, hailstorm, and windstorm took place; this brought the plan into better alignment with the State of Texas's Hazard Mitigation Plan. Concluding discussions on the hazards and some team collaboration on historical events such as Hurricane Ike ensued. Participants were informed the repetitive flood loss properties list was under final review and that it would be distributed to each community via email. The meeting was then opened to questions and final comments. Before adjournment, special thanks were expressed to Bayou Vista for hosting the meeting and providing the facility. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I Ixague City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2.4 Public and Stakeholder Engagement An important component of mitigation planning is public participation and stakeholder involvement. Input from residents, business owners, etc. as a whole provides the planning team with a greater understanding of local concerns and increases the likelihood of successfully implementing mitigation actions. If citizens and stakeholders, such as local businesses, non- profits, hospitals, and schools, are involved, the more likely they are to gain a greater appreciation of the hazards present in their community and take steps to reduce their impact. To allow for all interested individuals and stakeholders in the planning area to provide their input for the development and review of this plan, an online survey and public/stakeholder meetings were provided. These opportunities for engagement were advertised in local/statewide newspapers, Facebook, and the participating jurisdictions web pages (where available) Public/Stakeholder Participation Public involvement, in the development Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update, was sought at two separate periods of the planning process: (1) the first five months of the plan w development; and (2) upon completion of a final draft Plan but prior to official plan approval and adoption. h1~ Meeting formats were varied in an effort to appease to residents and stakeholders in the planning area. Three } formats were used: (1) open public meetings; (2) ! online survey instruments; and (3) making copies of draft Plan deliverables available for public review on Activities provided during the October 19, 2015 the county's website. These events are described January 20, 2016 Public Meetings below and supporting documentation (advertisements, social media, flyers, sign in sheets, survey questions and results, listing of outreach/stakeholder groups, etc.) are provided in Appendix B.2. 2-8 Galveston County I Bayou Villa I Clem Lake Shores I Friendstvoud I Hitduock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La blanpte I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki lslvrd Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Input Meetings The first series of open public meetings were held on October 19, 2015 following the GCHMC kickoff meeting at the Doyle Center in Texas City. This meeting provided an opportunity for the public/stakeholders to meet with their officials and the planning team to learn why hazard mitigation planning is necessary and how they can help. Two activities were made available to solicit input on which hazards more education is needed to prepare better for future events, and how they would like to see officials spend mitigation dollars to reduce/eliminate future impacts in their communities. Although there were no outside participants, several officials remained to meet the public and did complete the activities. INto f An additional opportunity for the public/stakeholders to learn Participants completing activities at about the importance of a hazard mitigation plan for their January 20, 2016 public Meeting community and provide their input was scheduled on January 6, 2016 at Lowe's in Texas City. This format and location was selected to make it convenient to obtain comments from shoppers as they departed the store. This meeting was successful in the fact that 12 people interacted with the planning team and GCOEM representative and participated in the two activities made available. The same activities as the October 20`" meeting were made available. Provided below is a summary of the results provided on the activities at each public meeting: Category October 19, 2015r r , Protect private property $0 $125,000 Protect critical infrastructure (Le, hospitals, transportation, fire stations) $752000 $275,000 Prevent development in hazard prone areas $75,000 $0 Enhance the function of natural features (streams, wetlands) $30,000 $250,000 Protect cultural and historical landmarks $10,000 $0 Protect utilities $100,000 $2509000 Strengthen emergency services $70,000 $150,000 Promote cooperation on planning and hazard awareness among all stakeholders (whole community) $30,000 $75,000 I � Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 2-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan • DamlLevee Failure • Flood • Hurricane/Tropical Storm • Thunderstorm, High Wind, Lightning, and Hailstorm Online Survey • Coastal Erosion • Dam/Levee Failure • Drought • Earthquake • Extreme Heat • Flood • Hurricane/Tropical Storm • Land Subsidence • Severe Winter Storm • Storm Surge • Thunderstorm, High Wind, Lightning, and Hailstorm • Tsunami • Wildfire In addition to the open public meeting, the participating jurisdictions were able to solicit input from residents and stakeholders through the use of a public survey conducted via Survey Monkey and linked to available web pages and social media. The desire of this survey was to capture the interest of those who are not available to attend traditional -style meetings and increase awareness through the contact distribution lists provided through social media. The survey provided multi -choice and open-ended questions. The questionnaire consisted of 11 questions designed to solicit information about respondent's concerns and experience in dealing with hazards. The survey was launched on October 19, 2015 and concluded on November 22, 2015. During this time, a total of 315 residents completed the survey. Below is a summary of the number of respondents per jurisdiction. Unincorporated Galveston County 29 La Marque 9 Bayou Vista 4 League City 41 Clear Lakes Shores 1 Santa Fe 11 Friendswood 176 Village of Tiki Island 2 Hitchcock 1 Other 35 Jamaica Beach 2 Skipped Question 1 Kemah 3 Total Responses 315 2-10 Galveston County Bayou Vista Clear Lake Shores Fricn iswood Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Maryue I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' p Hazard Mitigation Plan Draft Plan Review Meeting As sections of the plan were completed, an electronic copy was emailed to each member of the GCHMC with instructions to thoroughly review the information presented and provide any changes to the Planning Team. This allowed additional review time for the GCHMC and their officials prior to releasing to the public for their comments. The public and stakeholders were provided an opportunity to review the draft Plan on February 29, 2016 at the Galveston County Courthouse. The event was advertised in the Galveston County newspaper, The Daily News. Flyers, as shown on the right, were posted on public bulletin boards and distributed to stakeholders identified by the GCHMC representatives within their jurisdiction, and social media and web pages also helped promote the opportunity to review the draft plan. Plan developers were on hand to answer questions regarding the plan. A total of 15 visitors came by the booth. To increase the circulation of the draft plan to residents and stakeholders the draft plan was also made available online at www.gcoem.org for review and comment from February 29 to March 7, 2016. Using Survey Monkey, online visitors were provided six questions designed to help communicate their level of acceptance and catalog places where changes or corrections should be made. A total of two responses were received. �.. � -,.. ,.Facility •—_ .. � e�-- -.. Hews Adicles = Y _.. _ ___ I � Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2- I t _ , Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2.5 Review and Incorporation of Existing Plans Review A variety of existing studies, plans, reports, and technical information were reviewed as part of the planning process. Sources of the information included FEMA, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the U.S. Fire Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), the TCEQ, Texas Forest Service, the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM), and local hazard assessments and plans. Sections 4-22 summarize the findings from these information sources. Some of these documents, including those from NOAA, provided histories of disasters in the area. The USACE studies were reviewed for their assessment of risk and potential projects in the region. Census data were used to obtain population and housing statistics. Materials from FEMA and TDEM were reviewed for guidance on plan development requirements. Jurisdictions included actions from other plans, such as Floodplain Management Plans and developed actions to implement and incorporate other plans such as Stormwater Management Plans, Incorporation Current projects and studies from numerous sources were utilized as a starting point for discussing mitigation actions among the jurisdictions. Previous hazard events, occurrences, and descriptions were identified through NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). Results of past hazard events were found through searching the NCDC and included in hazard sections (5-20) of this update. This data was also presented at the meeting held January 20h in order to facilitate a discussion on risk to help participants verify their hazard rankings for their jurisdiction. The State of Texas Mitigation Plan (2013), developed by TDEM, was reviewed in initial planning meetings in order to develop a specific group of hazards to address in the planning effort. The State Plan was also used as a guidance document, along with FEMA materials, in the development of the Plan Update. 2-12 Galveston Cormty I bayou \'iai I Clear Lake Shores I �riendswood I Hitchcock I Janriica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2.6 Plan Maintenance Procedures The jurisdictions who sought approval in this planning initiative will implement the strategies outlined within this plan and update and maintain the plan according to the guidelines below. The jurisdictions will use the plan's goals, as well as continued analysis of hazard risks and capabilities, to weigh the available resources against the costs and benefits for each mitigation action. The participating jurisdictions understand the value of this plan and its positive impact on mitigating hazards and intend to continue updating this plan and implementing the plan's strategies. The methods of keeping this plan current are monitoring, evaluating and updating the plan. FEMA defines these the following way' 1. Monitoring: Tracking the implementation of the plan over time. 2. Evaluating: Assessing the effectiveness of the plan at achieving its stated purpose and goals. 3. Updating: Reviewing and revising the plan at least once every five years. Incorporation Each participating jurisdiction will be responsible for further development and/or implementation of their mitigation action plans. This process will be overseen by the GCHMC member identified in Table 2.1. The following describes the process by which the participating jurisdictions will incorporate elements of the mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms and how information was incorporated where appropriate over the past five years. Process of Incorporation Once the plan update is adopted, each jurisdiction will implement actions based on priority and the availability of funding. The participating jurisdictions already implement policies and programs to reduce losses to life and property from hazards as described in the Capability Assessment found in Section 20. The mitigation actions developed for this plan update build upon that effort and will be implemented through other program mechanisms where possible. Participating jurisdictions will integrate implementation of their mitigation actions with other existing jurisdiction plans such as capital improvement, comprehensive, land use, design and construction standards, and emergency management plans as identified in the Capability Assessment in Section 20. They will also participate in local and statewide studies, workshops, and committees that address hazards prone to Galveston County to ensure mitigation concepts are included where applicable to increase awareness and further reduce or eliminate future impacts from hazards. The GCHMC will provide a copy of this plan to their Mayor and/or applicable officials � Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, FEMA March 2013.p.7-1 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsw+ood I Hitchcock I 2-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan and assist in identifying key elements from this plan for incorporation into the plan updates, development/update of regulations and ordinances, and annual budgets. Each participating jurisdiction will review their existing plans in light of this plan update and incorporate any mitigation policies and actions into these plans, as appropriate. The jurisdictions will ensure the actions in the mitigation plans are reflected in other planning efforts. The additional planning efforts, as identified in Section 23, will be used to advance mitigation strategies in participating jurisdictions. Upon formal adoption of the updated plan, GCHMC members (see Table 2.1) will coordinate with officials (Mayor and appropriate department heads) to integrate the updated hazard mitigation strategies into existing plans as indicated in Table 2.2 below. Table 2.2; Process of Incorporation by PlanningMechanism Grant Applications The plan update will be consulted by GCHMC for each jurisdiction whenever grant funding through the programs offered by FEMA are sought for mitigation projects. If a project is not in the plan update, an amendment may be necessary to include the action in the plan. There is no specific timeline for applying for grants. As these grants are made available the GCHMC representative will inform the Mayor and/or applicable officials regarding the funding opportunity to determine Annual Budget Review Each participating jurisdiction representative that participated in the planning process (as indicated in Table 2.1) will review the update and mitigation actions therein when conducting their annual budget review with their jurisdictions Mayor and/or applicable officials. Allowances will be made in accordance with grant applications sought or mitigation actions that will be undertaken according to the implementation schedule of the specific action. Regulatory Plans All of the participating jurisdictions currently have regulatory plans in place, such as Emergency Management Plans, Continuity of Operations Plans, Disaster Recovery Plans, Economic Development or Evacuation Plans as indicated in Section 23. The plan update will be consulted when participating jurisdictions review or revise their current regulatory planning mechanisms, or in the development of regulatory plans that are not currently in place. These regulatory plans should be reviewed annually by the GCHMC member to ensure provisions are made to incorporate procedures for hazards of concern. The GCHMC member will coordinate reviews of the regulatory plans with the Mayor and/or applicable official. 2-19 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friers dstvood I Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Capital Improvement Seven of the jurisdictions, including the county, have a Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) in place Plans (See Table 23-1 in Section 23), Before any updates to the CIP are conducted, jurisdictions with CIPs will review the risk assessment and mitigation strategy sections of this plan update, as limiting public spending in hazardous zones is one of the most effective long-term mitigation actions available to local governments. In addition, the plan update will be consulted if a CIP is developed for Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, or Kemah. The GCHMC member for these communicates will coordinate the integration of this plan in the CIP with their respective Mayor and/or applicable official on an annual basis. Comprehensive Plans According to Table 23-1, which contains the results of the capability assessment, eightjurisdictions have a Comprehensive Plan in place. Since comprehensive plans involve developing a unified vision for a community, the mitigation vision and goals of the plan update will be reviewed in the development or revision of a Comprehensive Plan. For those communities who have a plan in place, the GCHMC member will coordinate the review of this plan with their appropriate official to determine if an update to the Comprehensive Plan is warranted. The Comprehensive plans should be reviewed every five years in conjunction with this plan update (every five years). Bayou Vista, Hitchcock. and Kemah do not have a commahensiva plan due to the lack of fundinn to develon if. Floodplain Management Floodplain management plans include preventative and corrective actions to address the flood Plans hazard. All of the jurisdictions developed mitigation actions to address vulnerabilities to inland and coastal flooding. Therefore the actions for flooding, and information found in Section 6 of this plan discussing the people and property at risk to flood, will be reviewed in revised when jurisdictions update their management plans or develop new plans. All of the jurisdictions currently have a plan in place except Friendswood and Hitchcock as shown in Section 23, Table 23-1. For those communities who have a plan in place, the GCHMC member will coordinate the review of this plan with their appropriate official to determine if an update to the floodplain management plan is warranted. This plan should be reviewed every five years in conjunction with the hazard mitigation plan update. Friendswood and Hitchcock's GCHMC vdll coordinate a review of this plan with their Mayor and/or applicable official to determine if a floodplain management plan should be developed. Monitoring The Galveston County Deputy EMC serves as Chairman of the Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Council and is responsible for ensuring the plan is monitored for effectiveness. When necessary, the Chairman will collect information from the participating jurisdictions to update the plan. The Chairman is responsible for the plan's general upkeep and oversight as it relates to compliance with the hazard mitigation grant program requirements, all files, and necessary documentation, as well as conducting routine plan reviews. Each participating jurisdiction's designated representative will be responsible for coordinating the administrative decisions and plan integration with future planning initiatives with their appropriate officials. Each of the jurisdictions will independently implement their own jurisdiction -specific mitigation actions. Each mitigation action in this plan is prioritized and assigned to a specific department for implementation when opportunities and funding become available. Estimated timelines are given for each mitigation action where appropriate. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2-15 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La NIazque I League City I Santa Fe 1 Tiki Island ,,, r Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Joe Hazard Mitigation Plan The role of the chairman includes the following tasks: • Schedule, at a minimum, a biannual meeting with the GCHMC; • Develop meeting agendas; • Invite other agencies/departments to participate in meetings; • Schedule post -disaster event meetings with the GCHMC for federally and/or state -declared disasters if significant damage was sustained or the hazard disclosed vulnerabilities within the planning area that need to be addressed; • Coordinate updates to the public with participating jurisdictions when applicable (this may include but is not limited to plan amendments, completion of mitigation actions, notification of programs available to the public for mitigation, etc.). During annual meetings, the GCHMC will address any issues that may have occurred since the last plan update, assess events impacting the planning area to determine if changes in the plan are required, and complete the evaluation and project implementation worksheets for documentation purposes. If significant changes, updates, or amendments to the plan are suggested by the GCHMC, they will inform TDEM's Mitigation Section to determine the appropriate action that should be taken. Evaluation The Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Chairman and the members of the GCHMC will use the Plan Evaluation Checklist provided in Appendix B-3 to evaluate this plan and make recommendations for future plan updates and enhancements. The worksheet will be completed annually. The Plan Evaluation Checklist includes the following components: • Evaluate the goals and objectives ensuring they address current and expected conditions; • Determine any changes in the nature or magnitude of risks identified in the plan; • Evaluate current resources for adequacy in implementing the plan; • Document any implementation problems with other agencies, including technical, political, legal or coordination issues; • Evaluate the effectiveness of the GCHMC; • Evaluate the effectiveness of the participating jurisdiction's capabilities. 2=1G Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Qeach I Kemah I La A9arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Iaand Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan To further support the an Evaluation Checklist, three worksheets were developed and are also provided in Appendix B-3. • Mitigation Action Implementation Worksheet (listing of mitigation actions identified by each jurisdiction); • Mitigation Planning Team Worksheet (FEMA's Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, Worksheet 2.1); • GCHMC Meetings and Public Involvement Activities. The Plan Evaluation Checklist and Mitigation Action Implementation Worksheet are completed annually and stored in Appendix H. The Mitigation Planning Team Worksheet is completed only if a change is recommended by the Chairman and/or the GCHMC. Updating tan time, minor technical changes may be made to the plan to keep it updated. However, any material changes to the mitigation actions or major changes in the overall direction of the plan or the policies contained within it must be subject to formal adoption by the Governing Bodies of participating jurisdictions. Any amendment to the plan must undergo an open public process. Participating jurisdictions will seek public input on any material change to the plan during a formal review and comment period. At the end of the comment period, the proposed amendment and all comments will be forwarded to the Governing Bodies of each participating jurisdiction. If no comments are received from the reviewing parties within the specified review period, this will also be noted. The Governing Bodies will then review the proposed amendment and comments received and vote to accept, reject, or amend the proposed change. Upon ratification, the amendment will be transmitted to TDEM. In determining whether to recommend approval or denial of a plan amendment request, the following factors will be considered: • Errors or omissions made in the identification of issues or needs during the preparation of the plan; • New issues or needs that were not adequately addressed in the plan; and • Changes in information, data, or assumptions from those on which the plan was based. Galveston Cowity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2-17 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Five Year Review The plan will be thoroughly reviewed by the GCHMC every five years to determine whether there have been any significant changes in the area that may necessitate changes in the types of mitigation actions proposed. As with the development of this plan update, the Office of Emergency Management for Galveston County will oversee the review process. Specifically, the EMC and Deputy EMC will act as Chairpersons for the GCHMC. New development in identified hazard areas, an increased exposure to hazards, disaster declarations, the increase or decrease in capability to address hazards, and changes in federal or state legislation are examples of factors that may affect the content of the updated plan. The plan review provides Galveston County and the participating jurisdictions with an opportunity to evaluate those actions that have been successful and to explore documenting potential losses avoided due to the implementation of specific mitigation measures. The plan review also provides the opportunity to address mitigation actions that may not have been successfully implemented as assigned. Following the five-year review, any revisions deemed necessary will be summarized and utilized according to the reporting procedures and plan amendment process outlined herein. Upon completion of the review and update/amendment process, the revised plan will be submitted to TDEM for final review and approval in coordination with FEMA. 2.7 Continued Public Involvement Input from the public was an integral part of the preparation of this updated plan and will continue to be essential as the plan grows and changes. As noted above, a significant change to this plan will require opportunities for the public to make its views known. Recommendations for continued public involvement are also included as mitigation actions for public education and awareness campaigns. This plan will be posted on the GCOEM website, www.gcoem.org, where officials and the public are invited to provide ongoing feedback. Copies of the updated plan also will be kept for public review in the offices of each participating jurisdiction. Further, if necessary, the county can designate voluntary citizens or willing members of the private sectors as members of the Planning Team as well as utilize local media to notify the public of any maintenance or periodic review activities taking place. 2-13 Galveston Count}' 16ayuu Vista I Clew Lake Shores I Priendstvuod I Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I &iota Fe I Tiki Island j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.0 Community Profile 3.1 Overview Galveston County is located on the Gulf Coast of Texas, east of Brazoria County, and west of Chambers County (Figure 3.1). The county is a 399 square mile area' bound by Clear Creek and Trinity Bay, where the county line crosses Galveston Bay to the eastern reaches of High Island. Nest Galveston County extends inland to the unincorporated community of Algoa and San Luis Pass on the coast. The Gulf of Mexico makes up the boundary on the southeast. Galveston County was formally established in 1839 under the Republic of Texas and is comprised of the cities of: Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Dickinson, Friendswood, Galveston, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, Texas City, and the Village of Tiki Island. The City of Galveston is the county seat. As discussed in Section 1, all of the cities and unincorporated areas are participating in this Plan Update with the exception of Dickinson, Galveston, and Texas City. The participating jurisdictions range from larger urbanized areas to small residential beach communities nestled in the marshes, and although the area is diverse, each community faces the natural and man -caused hazards discussed in Sections 5-17 of this update. This section looks at a general profile of the county as a whole, providing data were available for each jurisdiction, including: • Population and Demographics; • Housing and Household Income; • Economy and Industry; and • Land Use and Development Trends 1 United States Census8ureau Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Keinah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 3.1: Overview of Galveston County Source: HAZUS-MH 2O10 3-2 Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island } Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional `• l a Hazard Mitigation Plan Wt -.- INC Population and Demographics The population distribution (based on the United States Census Bureau for 2010) for Galveston County is depicted in Figures 3.2 and 3.3, which displays the county as a whole and as a part of the region, including unincorporated areas as well as the 10 participating jurisdictions. Census 2010 data was used to determine population distribution. Figure 3.2: 2010 Population Disfribufion Map /or Galveston County Y y NINO Sao L r.K; K":, No h0i LEGEND ' IN DpmpynphkP.PPpuYWn PWUYtlm ` •. MN,-m 1♦ anal. 1XI Taw C;* 0 17.500 05,000 525W 70.000 (,¢.rr +, •• ® Feel Source: HAZUS, 2010 Census Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 3.3: 2010 Population Distribution Map for Galveston County Region 2010 Population - Bnder600 _ 501 .2,000 _ 2,001 -5,000 58001-10,000 - 10,001-25,000 - 25.001-60,000 - Over 50,000 Source: Houston Galveston Area Council 3-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 provide a numeric breakdown of the population by jurisdiction. Several of the jurisdictions are tourist destinations and therefore experience seasonal population, an increased number of people at peak travel times in the summer months. The jurisdictions that experience seasonally -based population during the summer are listed in Table3.1. A breakdown of the special needs population (elderly and low income) follows in Table 3.2. Table 3.1; Participating Jurisdictions with Seasonal Population Source: Galveston County HMP 2009-2016 Table 3.2: Population Distribution by Jurisdiction rat noNo Bayou Vista 11537 IRKM I RN 54 • 1 947 342 elo 229 Low Income r 96 Clear Lake Shores 1,063 512 164 237 26 Friendswood 35,805 12,850 41198 71001 891 Hitchcock 6,961 21629 957 95 683 Jamaica Beach 983 525 192 226 3 Kemah 1,773 760 171 4301 85 La Marque 143509 51318 21006 62 683 League City 83,560 31,239 6,117 528 21090 Santa Fe 12,222 41468 1,742 238 499 Village of Tiki Island 968 433 243 26 17 Galveston County 291,309 1 110,032 32,804 38,856 17,264 Source: US Census 2070, Summary File, U.S Census ACS 5 yearestimales 2009-2013 Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lakc Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La A4arque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki Island r Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Population estimates from 1970 to 2015 and population projections from 2020 to 2040 are listed in Table 3.3 and illustrated in Figure 3-4 respectively, as provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. Over the past four decades Galveston County has become increasingly more developed and urbanized, with 93.9 percent of the population urban as of 2010. The county's total population in 1970 was 169,812 and increased by 47 percent to 291,309 by 2000. Between 2000 and 2010, the population increased another 16 percent to 291,309. By 2040, the county's population is projected to nearly double the 1970 population, for a projected population count of321,886. Household population projections are included in Table 3-3 for each participating jurisdiction. Data limitations preclude inclusion of projections for total population at this time. All populations are expected to increase with the exception of Bayou Vista which is expected to maintain current population levels. Table 3.3: Galveston County Household Population Projections and Estimates= Source: r t �•r tttm777 r r tBayouVisla 1,5377 1,5371,537 0°/Clear Lake Shores 1,0637 1,067 1,241 17 %Fdendswood 35,59813 55,704 63,065 77%Hitchcock - - 6,9609 9,706 10,273 48%Jamaica Beach - - 98317 1,017 11017 3% Kemah - - 11773 11995 21173 2,368 21569 4 %% La Marque 14,370 163327 171029 172693 22,300 55% League City 83,089 108,713 128,471 1591236 162,135 95% Santa Fe 12,217 13,380 14,245 15,596 191139 57% Village of Tiki Island 968 11120 1,173 11173 13173 21 % Galveston County(Unincorporated) 32,259 35,420 381091 499636 69,195 114% Galveston County (Household 286,922 3751527 478,819 568,159 98% Population)' Galveston County (Total 169,812 217,396 2501158 291,309 299,971 307,372 318,459 321,886 10 Population)` Texas State Data Center; HGAC Regional Growth Forecasl2015 t]2; household population excludes population enumerated in institutional households such as nationallprovinciallmunicipallcityjails/delen8oncenters, military camps, tuberculosis pavilions, mental hospitals, leprosada/leper colonies or drug rehabilitation centers � (pj =population projection based on no migration 3-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsevood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League CityI Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional a Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 3.4: Population Projections and Estimates by Census Tract �� wm,coumy N�•uu bJWgman i-ry "- F4M� aNmw+ory \� C�NeNanC b V Snub f-1 wcnexxary.= n Wye mouMc wb .�?•. \ ,amNa`e:.a� O mr u.w. 0 17,500 35.000 52.500 70,000 ® Feet Source: Houston Galveston Area Council 2015 Q2 estimates based on US Census Data Table 3.4 provides the estimated population density by square mile during 1970 to 2010, and projected population density from 2020 to 2040, as tabulated by the U,S. Census Bureau and the Texas State Data Center. As of 2010, the population density in Galveston County was 770 people per square mile. By 2040, the population density is projected to increase to 1,056 people per square mile, which is nearly double that of 1990, Figure 3-5 geographically illustrates population density changes projected to occur during 2005 to 2035 in the Houston -Galveston region. I � Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-7 " Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 3.4: Galveston County Estimated and Projected Population Density Year 1970 Population 169,812 Population D- r 426 1990 2179396 545 2000 250,158 627 2010 291,309 770 2020 (p) 344,010 862 2030 (p) 386,888 970 2035 (p) 404,471 1,014 2040 (p) 421,361 1,056 Source: Texas State Data Center Figure 3.5: Houston -Galveston Population Density Change (2005— 2035) 200b �t Source: Houston Galveston Area Council Population Density I PopV4lbnl SqV. �]B•100 � 101 •YA ril.soo 'AI 1.000 � 1.001 •t.500 �3501 •5000 a 0. fS.000 3-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsm•ood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 'f p 3.3 Ethnicity The ethnic makeup of Galveston County according to estimates for 2014 by the United States Census Bureau is shown in Table 3.5 below. Table 3.5: 2014 Ethnicity -Galveston County Black American Native Hispanic African Indian and Hawaiian/ Two or or Latino White American Alaska Asian Pacific More Jurisdiction alone Alone Alone Native Alone Islander Races Bayou Vista 9.10% 87.50% 0.40% 0.00% 1.00% 0.00% 1,70% Clear Lake Shores 6.10% 90.30 % 0.00% 0.00% 1.20 % 0.00% 2.50 % Friendswood 14.90 % 75.80 % 3,00 % 0,20 % 4,80% 0,00% 1.30 % Hitchcock 23.80% 45.00% 29.70% 0.00% 0.30% 0,00% 1,20% Jamaica Beach 12,50% 84,40% 0,90% 2,20% 0,00% 0.00% 0.00% Kemah 14.90% 77.10% 1.70% 0,00% 5,40% 0,00% 0,90% La Marque 1 24,20% 34,70%1 37.40% 0.10%1 1.30% 0.00%1 2.20% League City 18,90% 65,90% 7.40% 0.10% 5.60% 0.00% 1.90% Santa Fe 12.70% 85.40% 0.20% 0.60% 0,30% 0,00% 0,80% Village of Tiki Island 3.10% 91.00% 1.70 % 0.00% 2.80 % 0.00% 1,50 % Galveston County 23.7% 801% 13.6% 0.8% 3.4°/ 0.1% 1.9% Source: Projections based on US Census 2010 data Table 3.6 depicts numerical and percent change among ethnic and racial groups for Galveston County, From 2010 to 2050 it is estimated that the anglo population in Galveston County will increase by 7.0 percent, compared to a decrease by 6.8 percent statewide. The Hispanic population s projected to increase by 47.9 percent in the county. African -Americans and other racial and ethnic groups are also projected to increase for both state and county estimates. Table 3.5: Present and Projected Ethnic and Racial Composition of Galveston County, 20104050 r r r t r r rt t r While 172,652 175,987 1742997 168,923 160,545 12,107 7.0 African American 39,229 40,842 41,919 41,950 41,433 2204 5.6 Hispanic 65,270 74,335 83,609 912518 97,512 31,242 47.9 Other 14,158 16,208 17,934 19,495 20,645 6487 45.8 All 2912309 307,372 318,459 321,886 320,135 28,826 9.9 Source: Texas Slate Data Center and Office of State Demographer, Institute for Demographic and Socioeconomic Research (IDSER) Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsraood I Hitchcock I 3-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Vtardue I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan According to US Census 2010 data, the median age for persons living in Galveston County is 37, with 28.23 percent of the population at 19 or under and 16,66 percent 65 and older. The 2010 Census results for age for Galveston County are depicted in Table 3.7 below. Figure 3-5 illustrates the projected change in age composition of the population in Galveston County from 1980 to 2040. The median age is expected to increase. Table 3.7: Age Composition in County and State Under 19 years 82,211 28.23 71621,714 31.30 19 to 24 ears 1,673 14.31 3,765,007 15.60 25 to 34 ears 6,317 12.47 3,670,118 14.70 35to44 ears 8,658 13,17 31524,021 14,10 45to 54 ears 2,725 :43,131 14,66 31455,262 13,70 55 to 64 ears 14.81 3,097,793 11,00 65to74 ears 6,936 9,24 2,0271867 8,90 70 to 79 ears 13,558 4,65 7,096,401 4.40 80 ears and over 8,079 2,77 6521385 F2.50 Source: US Census 2010 ro.o 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 51 4.0 a.o 2.0 1.0 o.o 8989 Figure 3.5: Age Projections for Galveston County AGE GROUPS ar Age ri Ni b 24 b ll 77 oI 0 84 b6435 b14 m 84 77 at 29 27 25 9990 2000 solo 2M 2090 2040 Source: Galveston 2040 Regional Transportation Plan 3-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vish I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Sank Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' S liltp Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.5 Education School districts in Galveston County include the following: Clear Creek ISD, Dickinson, ISD, Friendswood ISD, Galveston ISD, High Island ISD, Hitchcock ISD, La Marque ISD, Santa Fe ISD and Texas City ISD. The county is also home to two community colleges, College of the Mainland and Galveston College and two major universities, Texas A&M University at Galveston and the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Table 3.8 depicts level education by jurisdiction. Table 3.8: Level of Education 2013 SchoolHigh Diploma o Jurisdiction N 1•1� Bayou Vista 92.8% 22.5% Clear Lake Shores 91.3% 42.4% Friendswood 95.8% 49.1% Hitchcock 82.5% 8.5% Jamaica Beach 92.9% 36.7% Kemah 84.8°/ 28.1% La Marque 83.9% 14.9% League City 94.9 % 42.8% Santa Fe 90.9% 14.2% Village of Tiki Island 96.3% 40.0% Galveston County 80.9 % 22.7% Texas 75.7% 23.2% Source: U.S Census ACS 5 year estimates 2009-2013 Galveston Comity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City i Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.6 Housing and Household Income According to the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 94,782 total households in Galveston County. Of these, 33.8 percent had children under the age of 18 living with them, and 52.4 percent of the total number of households was comprised of married couples. Over 25 percent of all households were made up of individuals, with a total of 30.2 percent of non -families. In 2010 the average household size was 2.6, while the average family size was 3,12 persons per household. Table 3.9 provides a summary of the housing units by type. Table 3.10 and Figure 3.6 depict the estimated and projected number of households based on Census estimates. In 2014, there are an estimated 136,160 households in Galveston County. Previous population projections showed the number of households increasing to 176,982 by 2040. These projections should be updated to reflect higher growth rates. The 2014 Census estimates are on track to exceed the 2020 projected number of household units, 139,329. Table 3.9: Housing Unit Type Jurisdiction Bayou Vista It cletached attached 1 1,252 1 11221 4 2 units more 27 0 Mobile home 0 Clear Lake Shores 617 542 7 0 68 0 Friendswood 13,593 119087 357 91 1986 72 Hitchcock 31273 29315 8 76 521 353 Jamaica Beach 11213 11154 0 0 27 0 Kemah 886 696 62 46 71 0 La Marque 61341 5,684 56 12 401 182 League City 33,098 250041 1,038 245 6265 435 Santa Fe 5,261 41345 52 175 259 396 Tiki Island 964 898 10 7 49 0 Galveston County 136,1601 82,061 2,462 21351 192703 51486 Source: US Census ACS 2010-2014; The ACS estimate of 10 was updated to reflect the specific number obtained in local counts. The updated Information Is within the margin of error of d-16 units of the ACS estimate. 3-12 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 3.10: Estimated and Projected Number of Households in Galveston County 2005 105,619 2010 1139708 2020 139,329 2030 160,111 2040 176,982 Source: Galveston 2011-2016 Miliga0on Plan Update Figure 3.(i: Estimated and Projected Number of Households in Galveston County Source: Galveston 2011-2016 Mitigation Plan Update The median household income for the county was $61,744 in 2014. The median income for non - family households was $35,044 dollars and $77,015 for family households. Males employed full- time year round received a much higher income at $58,240 versus $42,847 for females according to the Census. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friends�wood I Hitchcock I 3-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La iVlardue I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.1 Economy and Industry The economy and industry of Galveston County continued to develop during the national recession and after the devastation caused by Hurricane Ike in 2008 and are now showing signs of economic recovery. Unemployment has decreased significantly, job growth in the region is higher than both state and national averages and the number of people and jobs are projected to increase steadily over the next decade. Unemployment rates for the county increased from 4.9 percent in 2000 to 5.8 percent in 2008 and with estimates as high as 8.2 percent in 20093 during the height of the recession. The increase in unemployment was due not only to a downturn in the national economy, but the lasting effects oIF Hurricane Ike which devastated the County's economy in 2008. The economy has recovered with only 4.4 percent currently unemployed. Gulf Coast regional indicators also show signs of recovery.° Per Capita person income growth increased 48 percent in the region between 2003 and 2013 and personal income rose from 181 billion to 334 billion in the same time frame. Job growth increased 23 percent in the region. This was slightly higher than the state increase of 19.6 percent and the U.S. increase of 4.7 percent. The US Census (2009) reported the largest industry in the county was health care/social assistance; however, industries for the area vary by each jurisdiction. Table 3.12 lists main local industries in order of prominence for each community, as well as median income. 3 Texas Workforce Commission ° Texasahead.org regional profiles, 2014 3-14 Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Like Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 'f a Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 3.12: Industry and Median Income by Jurisdiction Bayou Vista $83,811 Educational Services, Health Care/Social Assistance, Construction, Retail Trade, Finance and Insurance Clear Lake Shores $98,289 Educational Services, Construction, Manufacturing, Health CarelSocial Assistance, Professional Sci-Tech Services Friendswood $99,365 Manufacturing, Educational Services, Health Care/Social Assistance, Professional Sci-Tech Services, Retail Hitchcock $44,907 Construction, Health Care/Social Assistance, Retail, Educational Services, Manufacturing Jamaica Beach $79,125 Construction, Health Care/Social Assistance, Real Estate/ RenU Lease, Arts/ Entertainment/ Recreation, Accommodation/ Food Service Kemah $70,208 Manufacturing, Accommodation/ Food Services, Educational Services, Transportation/ Warehouse, Public Administration La Marque $42,369 Health Care/Social Assistance, Educational Services, Accommodation/ Food Services, Construction, Retail League City $89,339 Manufacturing, Health Care/Social Assistance, Educational Services, Retail, Professional Sci-Tech Services, Santa Fe $62,394 Health Care/Social Assistance, Manufacturing, Construction, Educational Services, Retail Village of Tiki Island $1143688 Health Care/Social Assistance, Manufacturing, Wholesale, Professional/Scientific/rechnical Services, Educational Services, Construction Galveston County $61,877 Health Care/Social Assistance, Manufacturing, Educational Services, Retail Trade, Construction SoUfce: US Census, 2009-2013 ACS 5 Year Summary Fife, Table C24030 Gah+estop County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-15 " Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Data distributed by the Houston Galveston Area Council based on the 2010 Census illustrates positive growth in the County. The region is expected to grow to 9.6 million people and 4.2 million jobs by 2040 (Figure 3.7). 2040 job projections, illustrated in Figure 3.8, predict the highest numbers of job growth in the vicinity of Texas City, Dickinson, and Santa Fe. The increased purchasing power and tax revenue will lead to growth in 5 key areas: light vehicle fleet, real state gross domestic product, number of households, state vehicle miles traveled, and motor fuel taxes. Notably, the Real State Gross domestic product is expected to double from its 2009 rate (Figure 3.9). Figure 3.7: People and Jobs 1970.2040 PEOPLE AND J0B51970-2040 9.8 8.3 7.1 5.8 3.7 4.7 3.8 4.2 3.1 2.7 3.3 21 1.8 1.8 2.3 . . 0 go � People monot Jobs �a7o 1880 tsao z000 20�o xo2o 2090 2040 Source: Houston Galveston Area Council 2040 Galveston Regional Transportation Plan 3.16 Gah'eston Count}' I Bayott Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 Jamaica Beach I Kemnh I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional '+ a Hazard Mitigation Plan MENEM Figure 3.8: 2010-2040 Job Change Estimates ar�wneouxr ms G�nry xe xsckear a amoisa m xs uu eej oi, itewzncry FnknE5n0 bker<,V e_ *M( oH G'OM UI �L vaaryI. 111111 F i rnape, sraxN Coinry 0 17.500 35.000 52.500 70.000 ® Feel Source: Houston Galveston Area Council 2010 Job Estimate and 2040 Job Projection I � Gah+estop County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-17 - Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 3.9: Key Growth Indicators KEY GROWTH INDICATORS A#208 Light Vehicle Fleet �- Real State GDP mNumberof Households �✓ 178 State VMT �, Motor Fuel Taxes i 155 129 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Source: Houston Galveston Area Council Data for 2040 Galveston Regional Transportation Plan 3-18 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan 3.8 Land Use and DevelopmentTrends Galveston County is located on the Texas Gulf Coast plains in the southeastern plains, bounded on the northeast by Galveston Bay and on the northwest by Clear Creek and Clear Lake. Most of the county covers Galveston Bay and is bounded to the south by the Galveston Seawall and Gulf of Mexico beaches. League City is the largest city in the county in terms of population, reaching 100,000 residents in 2015.s Galveston County has a total land area of 399 square miles and total water area of 478 square miles. Generally, the land surface can be characterized as broad and nearly level. Elevation ranges from sea level to about 45 feet in the northwest part of the county (NRCS soils survey, 1985), Land use countywide supports the leading industries which include agriculture, oil and gas, shipping, and tourism. Figure 3.10 depicts land cover for the county. Figure 3.10: Types of Land Cover (2010) Source: Houston Galveston Area Council s http://tx-leaguecity.civicplus.com/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1689 Gah estop County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood Hitchcock 3-19 Jamaica Beach I Kemah 1 La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Agricultural an use of the 399 square miles of an (Z55,360 acres) comprises almost 1 percent of the state's cultivated land. The US Department of Agriculture Census (2012) reported that 89,554 acres were in cultivation in 2012 (See Table 3.13). Rice, hay, and grain are the major agriculture commodities grown. Countywide, rainfall averages 50,76 inches annually, and the growing season is 320 days a year. Table 3.13: Agricultural Land Use 2012 Source: US Department of Agriculture Census ('2008, 2012) There is one major drinking water reservoir that serves Galveston County. The Gulf Coast Water Authority operates and maintains the dam and reservoir and also oversees distribution to area Municipal Utility Districts (MUD) and Water Control Improvement Districts (WCID). Surveyed by the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), the reservoir surface area is 859 acres, storage capacity is 7,360 acre feet and it is fed by the San Jacinto River. Other fresh water lakes and reservoirs in Galveston County are minor; each having storage capacities less than 5,000 acre feet making them below the threshold that the TWDB surveys. The cities of Friendswood and League City purchase water from the City of Houston from the following sources: • Lake Houston (Coastal water Authority) • Lake Conroe (San Jacinto River Authority) • Lake Livingston (Trinity River Authority) • Future Allen's Creek Reservoir (Brazos River Authority)-70 percent owned by Houston 3-20 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Development trends Since Hurricane Ike in 2013, higher building codes have been adopted Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, League City, Santa Fe, and TIM Island that will lend to reducing impact to building stock and infrastructure from natural hazards. This measure will assist in reducing the vulnerability of future impacts by natural hazards as the new building stock and infrastructure will be designed to a standard suitable for the wind and flooding impacts associated with the Galveston County area. Modest household population growth in Friendswood, Hitchcock, and League City is expected over the next five years as shown in Table 3.3, No significant increases are expected with industrial and governmental development. Commercial development will have a moderate increase in the areas of Friendswood, League City, and the communities along the Bay and Gulf Coast areas. Overall, current development within the planning area has not impacted the vulnerability to the participating jurisdictions, Table 3.14 is presented below as a means to organize the efforts made by each jurisdiction's development (current and future), implementation of mitigation measures, and changes in vulnerability since August 23, 2011. Each jurisdiction has demonstrated their continuous efforts in integrating mitigation strategies in hazard prone areas and have increased their public outreach and awareness campaigns to better inform their residents of measures they can employ to protect their property and family from future impacts. Table 3.14: Summary of Jurisdictional Development Trends and Changes in Vulnerability 111 101041 Advancements in lgj�� Jurisdiction Current Development �. Bayou Vista Population 1,537 Adopted 2012 IBC No change in Projected population Limited increase in residential/ Developed Disaster vulnerability to 1,537 commercial development Response Plan jurisdiction New residential / Generators installed Reduction of loss commercial development at lift stations and to building stock will be minimal WWTP and Increased public infrastructure, outreach and awareness programs Clear Lake Population 1,063 Adopted 2012 IBC No change in Projected population Shores Limited increase in residentiall Plans developed: vulnerability to 13067 commercial development Open Space, Post jurisdiction New residential I Disaster, Disaster Reduction of loss commercial development Recovery, and to building stock will be minimal Comprehensive and Installed shutters to infrastructure. I Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 3-21 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2011 r r r Advancements in Changes n Current Development , �- 71 community clubhouse Repairs to Clear Lake Road bridge Increased public outreach and awareness programs Friendswood Population 35,598 Reduced repetitive No change in Projected population Moderate increase in good properties vulnerability to 45,813 residential/commercial Rehab water plants jurisdiction Significant increase in development #11 51 60 7 Reduction of loss residential, commercial, Added fire hydrants to building stock industrial, and Water Line and government development replacements infrastructure. is expected to accommodate increasing Install generators at population lift stations, library, city hall, fire stations, activities building Increased surface water from City of Houston Retrofit city hall, public safety building, library, activities building, and fire stations Increased public outreach and awareness programs Hitchcock Population 6,960 Purchase fire water No change in Projected population Limited increase in truck vulnerability to 81999 residential/commercial Addressed drainage jurisdiction Moderate increase in development issues on Gulf, Reduction of loss residential/commercial Florida, Mill, Smith, to building stock development and Washington and Streets infrastructure. Increased public outreach and awareness programs 3-22 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La h'[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan t r r r DevelopmentAdvancements in Changes in urrent Development Mitigation Vulnerability Future "77ochangeinAdopted 2012 IBC No changein Projected population residential/ Certified Storm vulnerability to 1,017 opment Ready Community jurisdiction New residential / Established pre- Reduction of loss commercial development disaster debris to building stock will be minimal contracts and Installation of a infrastructure. retaining wall around sewer plant Purchased NOAA weather radios for police and fire depts. Install generator at City hall Reduced repetitive flood properties Increased public outreach and awareness programs Kemah Population 1,773 Plans developed: No change in Projected population Moderate increase in Natural Resource, vulnerability to 2,173 residential/commercial Drought jurisdiction New residential / development Plan/Ordinance, Loss to building commercial development Disaster Recovery, stock and will be minimal COOP, Storm infrastructure still Water, Floodplain at risk with 2003 Management, and IBC in place Flood Response Updated ordinances Improvements to lift station Certified Storm Ready Community Increased public outreach and awareness programs La Marque Population 14,370 Plans developed: No change in Projected population Moderate increase in Economic vulnerability to 17,029 residential/commercial Development, CIP, jurisdiction Significant increase in development and Drought Loss to building residential, commercial, Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 3-23 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Since August 23, 2011 t Plan/Ordinance stock and ' industrial, and , Add fire hydrants infrastructure still government development and increase water at risk with 2003 is expected to lines Be in place accommodate increasing Purchase rescue population pumper truck Install freshwater supply backflow preventer to ground water system Install generators at water wells, WWTP, fire station, and city hall Updated emergency communication system Increased public outreach and awareness programs League City Population 83,089 Reduced repetitive No change in Projected population Moderate increase in flood properties vulnerability to 128,471 residential/commercial Increased public jurisdiction Significant increase in development outreach and Reduction of loss residential, commercial, awareness to building stock industrial, and programs and government development Drainage infrastructure. is expected to improvements accommodate increasing Bank stabilization population Develop storm water and master drainage plan, floodplain management plan Retrofit and install generators at critical facilities Santa Fe Population 12,217 Adopted 2012 IBC No change in Projected population Limited increase in Increased public vulnerability to 14,245 residenliallcommercial outreach and jurisdiction Moderate increase in development awareness Reduction of loss residential and programs to building stock commercial development 3-24 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan now r r r r , Retrofit critical and is expected to facilities infrastructure. accommodate increasing population Tiki Island Population 968 Adopted 20091BC No change in Projected population Limited increase in residential/ Increased public vulnerability to 1,173 commercial development outreach and jurisdiction New residential / awareness Reduction of loss commercial development programs to building stock will minimal Upgrade well and Retrofit and install infrastructure, generator at public safety building Elevate water plan Planted trees Galveston Population 32,259 Reduced repetitive No change in Projected population County Moderate increase in Flood properties vulnerability to 38,091 residentiallcommercial/industrial Improved jurisdiction Moderate increase in development evacuatlon plans Reduction of loss residential, commercial, Developed a debris to building stock industrial, and management and and government development drought contingency infrastructure, is expected to plan accommodate increasing Certified Storm population Ready Community Generators installed on lift stations throughout the county Increased public outreach and awareness programs Source: Current development population from 2010 Census. Future population estimated 2020 population I� Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 3-25 -_ Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island :•S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan 4.0 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Overview 4.1 Identify Hazards and Inventory Assets Hazard identification consists of defining the study area regarding scale and coverage, and collecting and compiling a list of prevalent hazards in the study area to help narrow the focus of the analysis. Study Area Definition Figure 4.1 shows the extent of the Galveston County study area, as well as the population distribution. There are ten incorporated jurisdictions participating in the study area (Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, and the Village of Tiki Island), and all unincorporated areas are covered together in the risk assessments. Census data for 2014 was used to determine population distribution. Figure 4.1: Population Distribution Map for Galveston County Harris Chambers I—., Lxn1 c ores \ UnIncorporaletl oalvasto(Coriii un l Santa FlLL :L Y to Hitch A - Brazoria ��Population by Census Block �o-aa I� 45. 155 JamalVeach i_J Ise -sat _ 381-772 _ ]]3 - 1 %9 17 Major Roads Q eadicinoung Jurbdktbns N Nora r dpe9n9 Juiledicuons A 0 5 10 Mlles Esh, OeLorme, GEBCO, NOAA NGOC, and other contributors, Sources'. Esd, GEBCO, NOAA. National Geographic, O@Lonne, HERE, Geonames.org, and other contributors Galveston Count}' I Ba570u Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Ell Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 4.1 provides parcel counts and the total estimated improved value of the parcels. The parcel data was based on the current property appraisals provided by the Galveston County Central Appraisal District. Replacement costs would likely exceed the assessed parcel values for several reasons: (1) replacement costs are typically 50 percent higher than the assessed value (per Galveston County), (2) replacement costs often include additional expense for building code and National Flood Insurance Program compliance, and (3) costs are typically higher after a disaster due to the higher demand and lower supply of skilled contractors. It is important to note that parcels within the Galveston area were used to derive information for this study; Friendswood and League City also have small portions of their jurisdiction within Harris County. Table 4.1: Parcel lnventorybyJurisdicfion Bayou Vista 1,324 $225J54,990 Clear lake Shores 11051 $2432448,194 Friendswood 149761 $3,8252963,372 Hitchcock 6,337 $460,0751283 Jamaica Beach 11590 $338,227,637 Kemah 11221 $294,986,165 La Marque 81972 $827,263,553 League City 36,314 $8,329,0319559 Santa Fe 6,457 $845,974,919 Village of Tiki Island 1,254 $4459402,231 Galveston County 30,438 $13022,6131438 Total 889210 $790469438,427 Source: Galveston Central Appraisal District (October 2015) 4-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsvood I Hitchcock I ) I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional it ` f Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 4.2 provides the number and estimated values of critical facilities based on HAZUS-MH and additional layers for airports, ports, and ferries. Appendix F provides a comprehensive list of the critical facilities in the area as identified by each jurisdiction. Table 4.2: Critical Facilities byJurisdiction Bayou Vista Unticai FORM Number Value 1 $1,246,000 Clear Lake Shores 1 $1,246,000 Friendswood 16 $108,937,004 Hitchcock 11 $24,656,002 Jamaica Beach 2 $1,246,000 Kemah 3 $8,7403000 La Marque 11 $68,064,005 League City 25 $23412151010 Santa Fe 14 $72,536,002 Village of Tiki Island 2 $1,246,000 Galveston County Unincorporated 15 $17,207,002 Total 123 $53993390028 1 Comprised of fire stations, hospitals, police stations, schools, emergency operation centers, ferry facilities, airport facilities and port facilities as listed and valued in default HAZUS-MH inventory. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 4.3 includes the amount (in kilometers) of oil and gas pipelines, highways and railways, and the number of hazardous materials sites (i.e., includes georeferenced TRI and Tier 2 sites) in the study area. Table 4.3: In/rastructure, Lifelines, and Hazardous Materials byJurisdiction M_F 4 Oil Pipe Gas Pipe Highway Railroad Mi T(I 1 Jurisdiction k m) (km)k (kM) (kM) Bayou Vista 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 Clear Lake Shores 0.00 0.00. 22 .19 1 Friendswood 23.15 41.73 0.00 0.00 7 Hitchcock 20.98 47.62 10.20 15.74 18 Jamaica Beach 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 Kemah 0.00 2.02. 1 5.11 1.47, 5 La Marque 11.49 1.01 20.71 7.04 15 League City 35.65 64.05 19.12 5.46 23 Santa Fe 19.39 24.53 6.35 4.49 8 Tiki Island 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 Galveston County Unincorporated 1 47.24 90.44 34.57 1 13.33 17 Total 157.90 271.40 1 96.28 1 47.72 1 95 Source: 'Railroad Commission of Texas "Galveston County '* TRI and Tier 2 lists 4-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan MENEM Figure 4.2 shows the location of critical facilities in Galveston County as presented in the 2011 plan. This illustration shows all airports, ferry facilities, port facilities, fire stations, police stations, medical facilities, and schools within the county, including jurisdictions not participating in this risk assessment.' Individual hazard analyses utilize HAZUS-MH 3.0 critical facility building stock identified for the participating jurisdictions. Figure 4.2: Critical Facilities in Galveston County A0 2.5 5 10 Miles I r i i I r i i 1 Ihiniry Ruy / ,ws w.w, rw.r.w. w.r.n ea.. wea. > n. D*wo eapawe, wywµv�+g w+�mew Q Yaupmy.ud. 3 17 Esrf, DeLorme, GE0C0. NOAA NGDC, anA other contributors, Sources. Esri, GEBCO. NOAA. Nallonal Geographic. DeLorme, HERE, Geonames.org, ane other contributors 'The logic in displaying all critical facilities in Galveston County in this generalized figure is based on the idea that proximity of essential facilities may be relevant for reference and general planning purposes and a better understanding of critical facilities placement within the overall study region and surrounding areas. Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 9-5 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 't p Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Identification of Hazards Hazard identification requires the recognition of risk -related events threatening a jurisdiction. Events are described as natural or human -caused hazards inflicting harm on people or property, or interfering with commerce or human activities. Such events include, but are not limited to, hurricanes/tropical storms, floods, severe storms (hail, lightning, high wind). The GCHMC considered all hazards prone to the Texas Gulf Coast in accordance with 44 CFR 201.6 (c)(2)(i). Information from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), the United States Geologic Service (USGS), the online public survey, and other sources were reviewed to determine the type, location, and extent of natural hazards that may affect the planning area. A review of natural and technological hazards was conducted by comparing the hazards identified in the following mitigation plans: Galveston County (2011), Friendswood (2015), League City (2009), and the State of Texas (2013). Table 4.5 reflects the crosswalk of hazards identified in these plans and includes the revised list of hazards presented in the 2015 plan update. Although technological hazards are not a requirement of FEMA, the GCHMC determined it beneficial to include pipeline and hazardous material incidents In the plan in Appendix G. 4-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 4.5: Hazard Identification r r r Cou Cc Natural Hazards Coastal Erosion and Retreat X X Limited Dam/Levee Failure X X Limited Drought X X X X Profiled Earthquake X Non -Profiled Expansive Soils X X Limited Extreme Heat X X X X Profiled Flood (Coastal and Inland) X X X X X Profiled Hailstorm X X X X X Profiled Hurricane/Tropical Storm X X X X Profiled Land Subsidence X X Limited Lightning X X X X Profiled Severe Winter Storm X X X X Profiled Tornado X X X X Profiled Tsunami X X Limited Wildfire (Urban and Rural) X X X Profiled Windstorm X X X X Profiled Technological " Pipeline Failure X X Profiled* Hazard Material Incidents X X X Profiled* Other Biological Event X Environmental Disaster X Sea Level Change X Note: Pipeline failure and hazardous material incidents are profiled in Appendix G as they are not considered a requirement by FEMA under 44 CRF §201.6. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island " ' p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Justification for Limited and Non -Profiled Hazards The following hazards are limited to specific jurisdictions or have negligible probabilities of occurrence. These hazards are either approached in a limited fashion, or they are not profiled in this plan update. Limited: • Coastal Erosion and Retreat —Coastal erosion applies only to jurisdictions that border the Gulf or tidal waterway. This includes Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Tiki Island, and unincorporated areas of Galveston County. • Dam/Levee Failure — According to the National Inventory of Dams, there is one high hazard dam, Galveston County Water Reservoir Dam, located in Dickinson Bayou in Texas City. The Galveston County Hurricane Flood Protection Levee, also located in Texas City and provides 17 miles of protection, and there are additional flood gates located near Clear Lake Shores and Kemah and a berm near Bayou Park. If these systems were to fail, La Marque, Kemah, and Clear Lake Shores could be impacted. Only these jurisdictions and the county, decided to include mitigation strategies to address these threats. • Expansive Soils —There is no historical documentation for expansive soils. Galveston County, Friendswood, La Marque and League City are the only jurisdiction who opted to include this hazard as a potential risk. • Land Subsidence -There is no current historical documentation of an incident. However, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Kemah, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County considered this as a potential risk. • Tsunami —The study area is not at a high risk from tsunami due to the local rarity of the geologic events that most often generate these dangerous waves. However, the jurisdictions of Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County considered this as a potential risk. 4-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstivood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan NEW Non -Profiled: • Earthquake -The State of Texas 2013 Hazard Mitigation Plan update indicated since 1882, 17 earthquakes have been reported throughout Texas but none were recorded in Galveston County. Furthermore, the National Seismic Hazard Maps are derived from seismic hazard curves calculated on a grid of sites across the United States that describe the annual frequency of exceeding a set of ground motions. Figure 4.3 depicts probabilistic ground motions with a 2 percent probability of exceedance — 50 years. As shown, earthquake occurrence within Galveston County study area (including the jurisdictions of Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe and Tiki Island) has a peak acceleration value of less than 0.02g. Figure 4A Two percent probability of exceedance-50 years (USGS, 2014) ' i I I i r nrunum a � ❑ 0 MIN Galveston Counlv ( :i Tno-percent probability of exceedance in 50 years mop of peak ground acceleration Source: USGS Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Flitchcock I 4A Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S_ p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 4.Z Overview of Hazard Analysis This multi -jurisdictional risk assessment was conducted with three methodologies, utilizing GIS- based analysis, HAZUS-MH software, and statistical risk assessment. Each hazard analysis is based on both qualitative and quantitative information, and each approach provides estimates of the potential impact of hazards by using a common, systematic framework for evaluation, including historical occurrence information. The results of the multi -jurisdictional risk assessment are provided as appropriate for each hazard profiled. The following are brief descriptions of the approaches used for the analysis. GIS-Based Analysis For GIS-based assessment, digital data was collected from local, state and national sources. ESRI® ArcGIS'm was used to assess risk utilizing digital data including local tax records for individual parcels and geo-referenced point locations for critical facilities. Using these data layers, the risks were evaluated by estimating the assessed building value associated with parcels determined to be located in identified hazard areas. The objective of the GIS-based analysis was to determine the estimated vulnerability of people, buildings and critical facilities to the identified hazards for the participating jurisdictions using best available geospatial data. In so doing, local databases made available through Galveston County such as local tax assessor records, parcel boundaries, building footprints and critical facilities data, were used in combination with digital hazard data. The results of the analysis provided an estimated number of people, as well as the numbers and values of buildings and critical facilities determined to be potentially at risk of those hazards with delineable geographic hazard boundaries. GIS analysis was used on the following hazards: flood (coastal and inland), hurricane/tropical storm, dam/levee failure, wildfire (urban and rural), and technological hazards. HAZUS-MH Analysis HAZUS-MH is FEMA's standardized loss estimation software program built upon an integrated GIS platform (Figure 4.4) to conduct analysis at a regional level (i.e., not on astructure-by-structure basis). The HAZUS-MH risk assessment methodology is parametric, in that distinct hazard and inventory parameters (e.g., wind speed and building types) were modeled using the HAZUS-MH software to determine the impact (Le., damages and losses) on the built environment. This risk assessment applied HAZUS-MH to produce countywide profiles and estimate losses for flood and hurricane/tropical storm at the jurisdictional level. At the time this analysis was completed, HAZUS- MH 3.0 was used to estimate potential losses using HAZUS-MH default building stock inventory data. �-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Fr t Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan ell Figure 4.4: Conceptual Model of HAZUS-MH Methodology Direct Loss Inventory 8s•Ntrg Stock Gilltal faclkUn uuhty naeuoa uokty Dwnograpnks IMPACT Vulnerability Bmien95rock words tksipl Polite Stations Frc 5tanont E.o.Centays Tlampasranm Mary Statistical Risk Assessment Methodology Hanomlc Business Interruption Shelter Casualties Damage Essential Facilities Emergency Functionality Response Debris DtIllties Water System Power Performance The statistical risk assessment methodology was primarily applied to analyze hazards of concern outside the scope of HAZUS-MH and the GIS-based risk assessment approaches. This methodology uses a statistical approach and mathematical modeling of risk to predict a hazard's frequency of occurrence and estimated impacts based on recorded or historic damage information. This methodology was explicitly used to assess the risk to the following hazards: hailstorm, windstorm, lightning, and tornado. Flooding, hurricane winds, and storm surge also incorporate statistical elements into their analysis. Available historical data for each hazard was used, and statistical evaluations were performed using manual calculations. The general steps used in the statistical risk assessment methodology are summarized below: • Compile data from local, state and national sources, etc. • Clean up data, including removal of duplicate records • Identify patterns in frequency, intensity, vulnerability and loss • Statistically and probabilistically extrapolate the patterns Galveston Count} I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island IS Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan • Produce meaningful results, including the development of annualized loss estimates Loss Estimates The economic loss results are presented here using two interrelated riskindicators: 1. The Annualized Loss (AL), which is the estimated long-term weighted average value of losses to property in any single year in a specified geographic area (i.e., county). 2. The Annualized Loss Ratio (ALR), which expresses estimated annualized loss normalized by property value. The estimated AL addresses the key idea of risk: the probability of the loss occurring in the study area (largely a function of building construction type and quality). By annualizing estimated losses, the AL factors in historic patterns of frequent smaller events with infrequent but larger events to provide a balanced presentation of the risk. The ALR represents the AL as a fraction of the replacement value of the local inventory. This ratio is calculated using the following formula: ALR = Annualized Losses/TotalExposure The ALR gauges the relationship between average annualized loss and replacement value. This ratio can be used as a measure of vulnerability in the areas, and since it is normalized by replacement value, it can be directly compared across different geographic units such as metropolitan areas or counties. Risk (Vulnerability) Assessment is presented in terms of AL, whenever possible. In general, presenting results in the annualized form very useful on threefronts: 1. Contribution of potential losses from all future disasters is accounted for with this approach. 2. Results in this form from different hazards are readily comparable and hence easier to rank. 3. When evaluating mitigation alternatives, use of annualized losses is the most objective approach for this purpose. 4-12 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-Iitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Annualized Losses for the hazards where the parametric approach is utilized are computed in a three- step process: 1. Compute/estimate losses for a number of scenario events with different return periods (e.g., 10-year, 100-year, 200-year, 500-year, etc.). 2. Approximate the probability versus loss curve through curve fitting. 3. Calculate the area under the fitted curve to obtain annualized losses. This approach is illustrated graphically in Figure 4.5. For other hazards where the statistical approach was used, the computations are based primarily on the observed historical losses. Figure 4.5; Graphical Representation of the Annualized Loss Methodology tog000 N r0,000 C O 00,00n E J i0,000 f 30,0n0 0 o P25M P0000 P15M Pi000 Psoo Pion Average Annual Frequency Economic Impact Using the previously described methodology, results were obtained for the different hazards profiled earlier. The economic results are summarized in Table 4.6. The economic loss results are presented here using AL, which is the estimated long- term value of losses to the general building stock in any single year in a specified geographic area (i.e., county). The estimated AL addresses the two key components of risk: the probability of a hazard occurring in the study area and the consequences of the hazard, largely a function of building construction type and quality, and of the intensity of the hazard event. By annualizing estimated losses, the AL factors in historical patterns of frequent smaller events with infrequent but larger events to provide a Gah'eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki Island r, Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan balanced presentation of the risk. Specific information for individual jurisdictions is provided in the applicable hazard sections. Table 4.6: Summary of Annualized Loss (AL) Estimates Note: *Countywide Estimate from HAZUS-MH A summary of the ALR results is presented in Table 4.7. The ALR represents the AL as a fraction of the replacement value of the local inventory. The ALR gauges the relationship between average annualized loss and replacement value. This ratio can be used as a measure of vulnerability in the areas, and since it is normalized by replacement value, it can be directly compared across different jurisdictions. Specific information for individual jurisdictions is provided in the applicable hazard sections. Table 4.7: Summary of the Annualized Loss Ratios (ALR) Note: *Countywide Estimate from HAZUS-MH 4.3 Risk Ranking The GCHMC reviewed a hazard ranking process presented by the planning team as shown in Table 4.8. This methodology evaluates five risk characteristics against a scoring factor to establish a level of vulnerability and to assess the level of future occurrence. 4-14 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I FriendsN�ood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 4.8 -Natural Hazard Identification Methodology Risk Characteristic (lulnerability) Score Area Impacted No area in the jurisdiction directly impacted 0 Less than 25 % of the jurisdiction impacted 1 Less than 50 % of the jurisdiction impacted 2 (The % of the jurisdiction at risk to an impact from each hazard) Less than 75 % of the jurisdiction impacted 3 Over 75 % of the jurisdiction impacted 4 Health And Safety Consequences No health and safety impact 0 Few injuries or illnesses 2 Few fatalities but many injuries or illnesses 3 (The health and safety consequences that can occur) Numerous fatalities 4 Properly Damage No roe damage 0 Few properfies destroyed or damaged 1 (The amount of property damage that can occur) Few destroyed but many damaged 2 Few damaged and many destroyed 3 Many properties destroyed and damaged 4 Environmental Damage Little or no environmental damage 0 Resources damaged with short-term recovery 1 (The environmental damage that can occur) Resources dama ed with long term recovery 2 Resources destroyed beyond recovery 4 Economic Dlsruolion No economic impact Low direct and/or indirect costs 0 1 2 (The economic disruption that can occur) High direct and low indirect costs Low direct and high indirect costs 3 4 High direct and high Indirect costs Future Occurrence Probability Of Future Occurrence Less Than 1 occurrence in the next years 1- 4 occurrences within the next 10 years 1 2 Unlikely (Score 0-1) 5 -7 occurrences within the next 10 years 3 Likely (Score 2-3) 8 —10 occurrences within the next 10 years 4 Hiqhly Likely Score 4-5 More than 10 occurrences within 10 years 5 Risk Level Total Rating Score Low 0.33 A low risk rating is expected to have little to no impact upon the jurisdiction. The hazard poses minimal health and safety consequences to the slate's residences and is expected to cause little to no property damage. The occurrence of a hazard with a low risk rating is rare, however, due to other factors such as geographical location, it is still possible for such a hazard to occurand even cause significant damage based upon the magnitude of the event. Medium 34.67 A medium risk rating is expected to have a moderate impact upon the jurisdiction. The hazard poses minor health and safety consequences with minor injuries expected and few to no fatalities. The hazard may cause some properties to be damaged or destroyed. The occurrence of a hazard with a medium risk rating is likely at least once within the next 25 years. High 168 to 100 A high risk rating is expected to have a significant impact upon the jurisdiction. The hazard poses high health and safety consequences with numerous injuries and fatalities possible. The hazard may even cause some properties to be damaged or destroyed. Ahazard with a high risk rating is expected to occur at least once within a 12 month period, but can occur multiple times within a year. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsvvood I Hitchcock I 9d5 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Nfarque I League City I Santa [e iTiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan To ensure abase line of understanding of each hazard and to assist with the process of risk rankings, nformation was gathered from the 2011 plan; the public survey; the NCDC storm data base; and TDEM and presented to the GCHMC prior to completion of the risk ranking exercise. Once the risk characterization was completed for each identified natural hazard, the sum of the risk characteristics were added together and multiplied by the probability of occurrence to determine each hazard's total risk rating score. The maximum score possible was 100. Table 4.9 provides a recap of the risk level attained for each hazard. The completed scoring sheets for each jurisdiction are provided in Appendix C. Table 4.9: Summary of Hazard Ranking E w v 0 0 v R c v m m N O Q O G N O O N W 41 y E N a O :O V- U) _ E N Ui C O O C N W O -Ui W IS O ME! G C Y! t C O = C E L W s= N Jurisdiction r. _ ,� r°— x° 3 o w 3 U f w o w H H E H H H ©EM©EEMEME©© E©EMEMEMEMEMEMEMEN Friendswood H MEEME©EMEMEMEMEME �MENU©©EMENEEMEMEME � © H EMEMENNEEMEMEMENI H H E H H H H© H H© H ©©©© H1 H ©©EN H © H EMBEEN ©E©© ©EME©©MENEEMEMEMEN MEMEMEMENEEMEMEMEN H H E©©©©MEMEMENEEME M©ME H EMEMENEEMEN©© 4-16 Galveston Count}' 1 bayouA/ista I ClearLakeShores I Fi'iendswood (Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La n-larque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island re Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional �_ A Hazard Mitigation Plan 4.4 Conclusions The results of this study are useful in followingways: • Improving our understanding of the risk associated with the natural hazards in the study area through a better understanding of the complexities and dynamics of risk, how levels of risk can be measured and compared, and the myriad factors that influence risk An understanding of these relationships is critical for making balanced and informed decisions about managing the risk. • Providing a baseline for policy development and comparison of mitigation alternatives The data used for this analysis present a current picture of risk in Galveston County. Updating this risk "snapshot" with future data will enable comparison of the changes in risk with time. Baselines of this type can support the objective analysis of policy and program options for risk reduction in the region. • Comparing the risk of the natural hazards addressed The ability to quantify the risk to all these hazards relative to one another helps in a balanced, multi -hazard approach to risk management at each level of governing authority. This ranking provides a systematic framework to compare and prioritize the natural hazards that are present in the study area. This final step in the risk assessment provides the necessary information for the GCHMC to craft a mitigation strategy to focus resources on only those hazards that pose the most threat to the region. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 4-17 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island F2 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan ... 5.0 Hurricane/Tropical Storm 5.1 Description By far the most severe, common and geographically extensive impact on the Galveston County planning area from a natural hazard is caused by hurricanes, coastal storms and the associated wind and storm surge. Hurricanes and tropical storms are naturally occurring events that produce damaging high winds, generate dangerous storm surge flooding, cause pounding storm surf, spawn tornadoes, and produce torrential rainfall that can cause inland flooding. On a recurring basis, hurricanes are the strongest natural hazard threat to human life and property. Tropical storms and hurricanes threaten the Galveston County planning area with high winds, rain, and storm surge. Galveston County and the participating jurisdictions participate with local media in educating the public about the dangers of hurricanes. Due to the size of hurricanes and tropical storms, the entire planning area can be impacted by these storms. The Atlantic hurricane season begins June 1 and ends November 30, but hurricanes have developed outside of the designated season. The following terms are used to describe tropical storms /hurricanes: Tropical Wave: A trough or cyclonic curvature maximum in the trade -wind easterlies. The wave may reach maximum amplitude in the lower middle troposphere. Trooicol Depression: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface wind speeds (using the U.S. 1-minute average) of 33 kts (38 mph or 62 km/hr) or less. Tropical5torm: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface wind speed (using the U.S. 1- minute average) ranges from 34 kts (39 mph or 63 km/hr) to 63 kts (73 mph or 118 km/hr). Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface winds (using the U.S. 1-minute average) of 64 kts (74 mph or 119 km/hr) or more. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 5-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island top* Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Storm Surge According to the National Hurricane Center, along the coast, the greatest potential for loss of life related to a hurricane is from storm surge. Low pressure and strong circular winds "pile" the water into a dome shape that can be 50-100 miles wide. The surge travels with the storm and is most severe in the right quadrant of the storm; relative to the direction the storm travels. Surge can be 15 feet deep, topped by waves, and make landfall ahead of the center or "eye" of the hurricane. Wind - driven waves are superimposed on the storm tide. This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in coastal areas, particularly when the storm tide coincides with normal high tides. Because much of the United States' densely populated Atlantic and Gulf Coast coastlines lie less than 10 feet above mean sea level, the danger from storm tides is tremendous. For example, Hurricane Ike produced storm surges up to 8 feet above the normal tide- level. Hurricane Wind Hurricane wind intensity is measured with the Saffir-Simpson Scale based on a 1-5 rating of a sustained wind speed at the time of measurement. This is used to estimate the potential property damage expected along the coast from a hurricane landfall. Hurricanes reaching Category 3 and higher are considered major hurricanes because of potential significant loss of life and damage. Category 1 and 2 storms are still dangerous, however, and require preventative measures. Wind speed is the determining factor in the scale. All winds are described using the U.S. 1-minute average. Previously, storm surge was described by the Saffir-Simpson Scale but is no longer included. The following excerpt from the National Hurricane Center explains the revised definition of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale and the separation of storm surge from storm category followed by an explanation of the need to change the new range of wind speeds: Earlier versions of the Salftr-Simpson Hurricane Scale incorporated central pressure and storm surge as components of the categories. The central pressure was used during the 1970s and 1980s as a proxy for the winds as accurate wind speed intensity measurements from aircraft reconnaissance were not routinely available for hurricanes until 1990. Storm surge was also quantified by category in the earliest published versions of the scale dating back to 1972. However, hurricane size (extent of hurricane -force winds), local bathymetry (depth of near -shore waters), topography, the hurricane's forward speed and angle to the coast also affect the surge that is produced. For example, the very large Hurricane Ike (with hurricane force winds extending as much as 125 mi from the center) in 2008 made landfall in Texas as a Category 2 hurricane and had peak storm surge values of about 20 feet. In contrast, tiny Hurricane Charley (with hurricane force winds extending at most 25 mi from the center) struck Florida in 2004 as a Category 4 hurricane and produced a peak storm surge of only about 7 feet These storm surge values were substantially outside of the ranges suggested in the original scale. Thus 5-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' a Hazard Mitigation Plan to help reduce public confusion about the impacts associated with the various hurricane categories as well as to provide a more scientifically defensible scale, the storm surge ranges, flooding impact and central pressure statements are removed from the Saar -Simpson Hurricane Scale and only peak winds are employed in this revised version. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (SSHWS) has undergone a minor modification for 2012 in order to resolve awkwardness associated with conversions among the various units used for wind speed in advisory products. The change broadens the Category 4 wind speed range by one mile per hour (mph) at each end of the range, yielding a new range of 130-156 mph. This change does not alter the category assignments of any storms in the historical record, nor will it change the category assignments for future storms. 5.2 Location As a coastal community, Galveston County is vulnerable to threats directly and indirectly related to a hurricane event, such as high winds, storm surge, and flooding. Beachfront communities, including Jamaica Beach, face the primary impact of hurricane winds; however hurricanes and their secondary hazards can affect the entire county. Although all areas of the county are impacted during a hurricane, the low-lying coastal areas receive the most flooding, and communities along rivers, bays and estuaries, including Tiki Island, Bayou Vista, Hitchcock, Clear Lake Shores and Kemah, experience flooding earlier. The effects of a hurricane begin to diminish as it moves inland; although no single area of the county is free of risk. For example, the winds alone from Hurricane Ike covered 120 miles, stretching across the county, but all areas Figure 5.1: Hurricane Risk Areas eaMaaten town _ were impacted by high winds and If Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 5-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 5.3 Extent Hurricanes are categorized according to the strength and intensity of their winds using the Saffir- Simpson Hurricane Scale (See Table 5.1 on the next page). A Category 1 storm has the lowest wind speeds while a Category 5 hurricane has the highest. This scale only ranks wind speed, but lower category storms can inflict greater damage than higher category storms depending on where they strike, other weather they interact with and how slow they move. As a prime example, Hurricane Ike, which struck Galveston in 2008 and is discussed herein, was classified as a Category 2 storm, yet was one of the costliest natural disasters in Texas history.' The ingredients for a hurricane include apre-existing weather disturbance, warm tropical oceans, moisture and relatively light winds aloft. Persistent, favorable conditions can produce violent winds, destructive waves, torrential rains and powerful floods. In an average three-year period, roughly five hurricanes strike the US coastline, killing approximately 50 to 100 people anywhere from Texas to Maine. Of these, two are typically "major" or "intense" hurricanes (a Category 3 or higher storm on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale). The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale categorizes hurricane intensity linearly based upon maximum sustained winds, barometric pressure and storm surge potential. Wind, pressure and surge are combined to estimate potential damage. Categories 3, 4 and 5 are classified as "major" hurricanes. Major hurricanes comprise only 20 percent of total tropical cyclone landfalls, but they account for over 70 percent of the damage in the United States. Damage from hurricanes can result from spawned tornadoes, coastal flooding from storm surge, and inland flooding from heavy rainfall. ' FEMA. 2008. Hurricane Ike Impact Report. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Mitigation Division. Washington, D.C. 5-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional `I �__ p Hazard Mitigation Plan ..- Table 5.1: Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (revised 2012J Effects on Land Very dangerous winds will produce some damage: Well - constructed frame homes could have damage to roof, shingles, 1 74-95 mph No change vinyl siding and gutters. Large branches of trees will snap and shallowly rooted trees maybe toppled. Extensive damage to power Iand poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage: Well -constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding 2 96-110 mph No Change damage. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads. Near -total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. Devastating damage will occur: Well-built framed homes may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. 3 111-130 mph 111-129 mph Many trees will be snapped or uprooted, blocking numerous roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable several days to weeks after the storm passes Catastrophic damage will occur: Well-built framed homes can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure 4 131-155 mph 130-156 mph and/or some exterior walls. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Catastrophic damage will occur: A high percentage of framed Greater than 155 Greater than 157 homes will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse. 5 mph mph Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Source: National Hurricane Center Hurricane -force winds can easily destroy poorly constructed buildings and mobile homes. Debris such assigns, roofing material, and small items left outside become extremely hazardous in hurricanes. Extensive damage to trees, towers, water and underground utility lines (from uprooted trees), and fallen poles cause considerable civic disruption. Table 5.2 profiles the potential winds speeds in miles per hour (MPH) that could be expected in Galveston County during a hurricane event for various return periods. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsivood I Hitchcock I 5-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island alp Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 5.2:Average Hurricane Wind Speeds in Galveston County r Bayou Vista 69 t 97 t ill tr 119 rr 125 tr 134 trt 129 Clear Lake Shores 70 92 114 128 135 142 138 Fdendswood 65 85 110 115 128 133 144 Hitchcock 69 95 ill 116 123 133 134 Jamaica Beach 71 95 113 104 119 134 133 Kemah 69 92 113 127 133 141 140 Le Marque 69 96 ill 120 125 134 139 League City 67 89 ill 121 129 135 143 Santa Fe 67 93 110 114 123 132 132 Village of Tiki Island 71 97 113 119 124 136 136 Galveston County Unincorporated 66-75 89-99 110-117 104-132 119-138 130-147 116-150 Source: HAZUS-MH 5.4 Historical Occurrences It is significant to note that the deadliest hurricane disaster in U.S. history, known as "the Galveston Hurricane of 1900," made landfall and inundated the entire island city of Galveston, Texas, around September 8, 1900. More than 8,000 people died when hurricane storm tides (the surge plus the astronomical tide) of 8 to 15 feet covered the city. More than half of all the homes and buildings were destroyed. Property damage has been estimated at $700 million (in today'sdollars)• Path of Hurricane Ike 5-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island } Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Even though only a Category 2 Storm at landfall, Hurricane Ike, which hit Galveston on September 13, 2008, is ranked as the third most destructive ever to make landfall in the United States, Maximum sustained winds were 100 mph, with hurricane -force winds extending outward up to 120 mIles from the center and tropical storm force winds extending outward up to 275 miles. The majority of the housing damage in the Galveston Bay area was to buildings constructed in the 1960s and 1970s. Hurricane Ike demonstrated that enforced modern building and floodplain codes work well to reduce damage to the built environment. Many homes that were built since the 1990sthat were properly elevated did not sustain serious damages, whereas winds devastated homes on Galveston Island that were built under older building codes. Modern homes that were constructed to 130 mph wind codes required by the International Residential Building Code were still standing the morning after Ike. Other significant historical hurricane events that have impacted Galveston County include a large and violent hurricane on August 16, 1915 and Hurricane Alicia on August 18, 1983, which moved over the Texas coast about 25 miles southwest of Galveston causing a total of over $2.4 billion in damages (in today's dollars).' Table 5.3 provides a summary of hurricane/tropical storms from 1998 to 2015 as recorded by the NCDC. The data for hurricane/tropical storms is recorded on a countywide level and therefore includes Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County. Table 5.3: Galveston County Hurricane/Tropical Storm Events 1998-June 2015 D. D•. e I Event Summary 8121/1998 Tropical Storm 0 0 $ 5,000 Damage was minimal across the area, vrith Charley beach erosion accounting for the damage estimates. 9f7/1998 Tropical Storm 2 0 $200,000,000 Impact and resultant damage occurred in Frances Galveston, Harris, Brazoria and Matagorda counties of Texas. All four of these counties received a Presidential Disaster Declaration to help in the relief and recovery efforts. In these four counties, total damage exceeded $286 million dollars. Most of this damage was along the coast and around Galveston Bay where ' FEMA. 2008. Hurricane Ike Impact Report. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Mitigation Division. Washington, D.C. ' Hurricane history based on National Hurricane Centersummaries. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 5-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island .f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Event Property Date mage I Event Summary high tides and winds destroyed dunes and personal property. 615/2001 Tropical Storm 0 0 $31,740,000 Major flooding across the county. Allison 9/5/2002 Tropical Storm 0 0 $0- No details provided 7/1412003 Hurricane 0 0 $8,300,000 In Galveston County, 38 single family homes (Typhoon) were destroyed, 25 received major damage, Claudette and 964 received minor damage. 33 businesses were affected with damage costs of an estimated $970,000. Total damage, including beach erosion, was estimated at $8.3 million. The highest recorded tide level, 7,56 feet above mean low -lower water, was recorded at Pleasure Pier. 8/30/2003 Tropical Storm 0 0 $7,000 Heavy rainfall between 6 and 12 inches was Grace observed from extreme eastern Galveston County to across the Bolivar Peninsula. Beach erosion was minor. Some of the higher rainfall amounts (August 30th to August 31st) included 6.19 inches in League City, and 2.09 inches at Jamaica Beach. 911/2003 Tropical Storm 0 0 $7,000 Storm tide damage on the Bolivar Peninsula Grace was confined to the Gilchrist area. Ten single family homes experienced flooding up to eighteen inches deep inside the home. Fifteen single family homes and two mobile homes experienced flooding up to six inches deep inside the home. 9123/2005 Hurricane 0 3 $15,000,000 In Galveston County, tropical storm force (Typhoon) Rita sustained winds with gusts to hurricane force were reported across the county, especially on the Bolivar Peninsula. Numerous power poles and road signs were blown down on Bolivar. Many of the beach homes received roof damage. Numerous trees were down with small structure damage on High Island. Power was out to most of the county on Saturday. Total damage across the county was around $15 million. 8/5/2008 Tropical Storm 0 0 $95,000 Storm tide damage on the Bolivar Peninsula Edouard and was confined to the Gilchrist area. Ten single family homes experienced flooding up to Storm eighteen inches deep inside the home. Fifteen 5-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Deach I Kemah I La Nfarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S , Hazard Mitigation Plan Event Property Date Type/Name Surgerride single family homes and two mobile homes experienced flooding up to six inches deep inside the home. 9/12/2008 Storm 12 0 $4,00030003000 Storm tide ranged from 10 to 15 feet above Surgerride Ike mean sea level along the Galveston Bay, Clear Lake and associated tributaries which caused major flooding of coastal areas. Some higher surge levels up to 17 feet were indicated on the Bolivar Peninsula. At least 10 direct fatalities occurred in Galveston County. Number of injuries unknown. Some towns hit hard by surge include Galveston, San Leon, Kemah, and all towns on Galveston Island and the Bolivar Peninsula, 6/15/2015 Tropical Storm 0 0 $0- There was minor coastal flooding on the Bill Bolivar peninsula with some debris removal required off of State Highway 87, High surf caused erosion of Galveston Island beaches. Sand and debris washed up on the streets of various west end island communities. There was minor flooding damage to downstairs garages in Jamaica Beach with two temporarily closed roads. Total 14 3 1 $4,25511541000 Source NCDC 5.5 Probability of Future Events The return period in years for a hurricane passing within 50 nautical miles of Galveston County planning area is 9 years. Taking into account the previous occurrences and return period, a hurricane event for Galveston County, Bayou Vista Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island is likely within the next five years. 5.6 Vulnerability Assessment HAZUS-MH wind speed data, inventory and damage functions, and methodology were used to determine the annual expected loss at the county level. Table 5.4 shows annualized property losses, and annualized percent loss ratios by jurisdiction and Table 5.5 shows the expected damage to critical facilities by jurisdiction. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 5-9 i � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' S A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 5.4: Potential Annualized Losses by Jurisdiction (HurricaneWindJ Annualized Annualized Total Losses for Lossesfor Annualized Residential Commercial Expected us ' 'z Total Buildings at Buildings at Property Per s Ln Jurisdiction Exposure* Risk Risk Losses Loss Ratl Bayou Vista $225,154,990 $1,041,508 $14,910 $1,056,418 0.47% Clear Lake Shores $243,448,194 $485,036 $48,550 $533,586 0.22 % Friendswood $3,085,164,965 $10,400,291 $471,560 $10,871,851 0.35% Hitchcock $460,0750283 $2,3525932 $38,611 $2,391,543 0.52% Jamaica Beach $3381227,637 $2,322,548 $169854 $2,3399402 0.69% Kemah $294,986,165 $7085720 $58,603 $767,323 0,26% La Marque $827,263,553 $5,305,660 $330,607 $5,636,267 0.68% League City $8,164,064,546 $30,257,633 $1,125,524 $31,383,157 0.38% Santa Fe $845,974,919 $5,7001942 $2502454 $5,951,396 0.70% Tiki Island $445,402,231 $2,253,333 $48,071 $2,301,404 0.52% Galveston County Unincorporated $2,931,109,729 $14,319,250 $574,686 $14,893,936 0.51% Total $173860,8721212 $75,147,853 $22978,430 $78J26,283 0,44% Source: HAZUS-MH Note: 'Total Exposure is improved value of parcels in Galveston County Table 5.5: Critical Facilities Potentially Damaged by Hurricane Wind Total No. of Critical Jurisdiction Facilities 100-Year Hurricane Loss of Partially Function Functional Wind 500-Year Fully Loss of Functional Function Hurricane Partially Functional Wind Fully Functional �������� . . '® League City����®©� Galveston County Unincorporated Source: HAZUS-MH 5-10 Galveston Count�I 13a�1ou Vista I Clear Lal<e Shores I Frienclswnod I I-lik'hcock I Jamaica Beach I ICemah I La Nlar�ue I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tilci Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional f_ p Hazard Mitigation Plan 5.7 Impact According to the State of Texas Hazard Mitigation Plan (2013), the State Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) identified a Category 5 hurricane landfall at Galveston Island on Labor Day Weekend as one of the worst case scenarios for the State. Even though warning time for hurricanes has lengthened due to modern and early warning technology, the impact is substantial because it could result in multiple fatalities, a complete shutdown of facilities for 30 days or more, or leave more than 60 percent of property destroyed or severely damaged. The Texas Gulf Coast has not suffered a direct hit from a Category 4 hurricane since August 1915 hurricane. According to the NWS, if a similar storm were to hit the area today, storm surge would start at 15 feet on the Island and reach 20 to more than 25 feet on the west side of Galveston Bay, flooding most of Galveston County east of 1-45, all of Clear Lake Shores and into areas of Harris County. Sustained winds of 130 mph or more lasting for up to several hours would impact houses and businesses "built to code' which are designed to withstand winds less than 100 mph. The impacted number of homes would be substantial as over 600,000 people live in the Category 4 surge zone, which also includes petrochemical plants, the Johnson Space Center and several key industries along Galveston Bay. Unlike rainwater flooding, where the vast majority of people impacted are relatively safe in their homes, the combined surge and wind impact would require an evacuation of as many as 600,000 citizens in the surge zone in order to save lives. Galveston Cowity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-Iitchcock I 5-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Ili Will ' Hazard Mitigation Plan 6.0 Flood (Coastal and Inland) 6.1 Description Floods result from excessive precipitation. The severity of a flooding event is typically determined by a combination of several major factors, including stream and river basin topography and physiography; urban drainage systems; precipitation and weather patterns; recent soil moisture conditions; and the degree of vegetative clearing and impervious surface. Floods may result from long-term rain events that may last for days and weeks, or they may be caused by short term excessive rainfall. In this plan, the types of flooding are described in association with their area of impact. Inland flooding may occur due to flash flooding, urban flooding, and/or riverine flooding. Coastal flooding is considered to be storm surge or other wind driven flooding, although excessive rainfall in river basins and drainage systems do amplify the impacts of these events. • FtasR Fi000rRe Flash floods are the product of heavy localized precipitation falling in a short time period over a given location. Flash floods occur within a few minutes or hours of heavy amounts of rainfall, from a dam or levee failure, or from a sudden release of water held by an ice jam. Flash floods can destroy buildings and bridges, uproot trees, and scour out new drainage channels. Most flash flooding is caused by slow -moving thunderstorms in a local area or by heavy rains associated with hurricanes and tropical storms. • UaenNFt000wc ponding of water of streets, low-lying areas, highways, underpasses, urban storm drains, and elevation of creek and small stream levels is occurring or imminent. Urban and small stream flood advisories are issued for flooding that occurs within 3 hours after the excessive rainfall. • RrveaiRe FLOOD/NG is a function of excessive precipitation levels and water runoff volumes within the watershedI • Coasrnt Ft000rRc is typically a result of storm surge, wind -driven waves, and heavy rainfall. These conditions are produced by hurricanes during the summer and fall, and other large coastal storms during the winter and spring. Storm surges may overrun barrier islands and push sea water up coastal rivers and inlets, blocking the downstream flow of inland runoff. Inland flooding is a function of excessive precipitation levels and water runoff volumes within the drainage systems or watershed of a stream or river. Some river floods occur seasonally when winter or spring rains fill river basins with too much water, too quickly. Torrential rains from hurricanes or tropical storms can also produce riverine flooding. Inland flooding also occurs during flash floods which develop in under an hour and tend to occur in low-lying areas with poor drainage. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Coastal flooding is typically a result of storm surge, wind -driven waves and heavy rainfall produced by hurricanes, tropical storms, and other large coastal storms. Flooding in the coastal environment can be further exacerbated by tidal influence in the low-lying coastal areas. Higher tides will increase stream and river stage heights from the mouth while floodwaters rush in from upland areas. Flooding in coastal areas is defined by recurrence intervals and flood zones are determined. Coastal flood zones consider the velocity of wave action. Coastal flood results are provided for the five surge inundation zones, and Risk MAP VE zone results are provided in the coastal and inland flood section. Inland flooding is predominantly caused by coastal inundation from the Gulf of Mexico and the Galveston, East and West Bays. 6.2 Location The coastal flood inundation zone is an area of high potential for property damage and loss of life dueto storm surge induced high -velocity wave action. Figure 6.1 depicts these zones. It is significant to note that Jamaica Beach is located on a barrier island. There are threats to this community that are not applicable to the majority of the other jurisdictions in Galveston County. Hurricane -generated storm surge could very possibly damage surrounding infrastructure, including the bridge leading off of the barrier island. Damage to the bridge could isolate residents from the mainland and deprive residents of essential utility and emergency services. 6-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I Ixague City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional off Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.1: Coastal Flood Inundation Zones in Galveston County ar LaPorte " Pasadena Trinity we Houston Bay Bolivar Friendswood League Peninsula h N. s< City 15I East Bay Ic1.kinson: . Texan , Galveston Cityi Bay Santa arque Storm Surge Inundation Fe O Category 1 Itchcock O Category 2 Galveston O Category 3 Gulf Of O Category 4 Mexico West Bay = O Category 5 0 5 10 20 Miles Flooding Potential The risk map data depicts the following flood hazard areas: • Zone V/VE (areas of 100-year coastal flood with velocity) • Zone A/AE (areas of 100-year flood) • Zone B and X shaded (areas between the limits of the 100-year flood and 500-year flood) • Zone C and X unshaded (areas of minimal flooding) Figures 6.2 through 6.12 graphically illustrate the flood zones listed above and provide an indication of where there is potential for damage to property and loss of life in the Galveston County study region. Much of the flooding Is attributed to coastal and bay flooding. Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I I%riendswood I Hitchcock I 6-3 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.2: Flooding Potential (County Wide) r, -n r Harris Clear Lake Shores II�e ah Brazoria A0 3.75 7.5 15 Miles I I I I I I I I I �4a � Chambers 7ialuestor�Bay County - 2ono VE _ Zone AE ZoneX Zone .2%Annual Chance Flood Major Roads i Non participating Jurisdictions Surrounding Counties ca Esri, DeLorme, GEBCO. NOAA NGDC, and other contributors. Sources: Esri, GEBCO. NOAA. National Geographic. Delorme, HERE. Geonames.org, and other contributors I 6.4 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.3: Flooding Potential (Bayou Vista) Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-litchcock I 6-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' S p FO Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.41 Flooding Potential (Clear Lake Shores) Cleer Lam clear Lake Shores League City �T w E S 0 OU50.1 02 03 Miles < VNE Zone ` A/AE Zone At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood \ Major Roads l \ Streets Kemah d Parcels 6-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I ) y Jamaica Beach I Kemah La Marque League City Santa Fe Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' S p Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.5: Flooding Potential�riendswood) je. ��J1 a, `• ' Houston id Brazoria County N E s Alvin 0 0250.5 1 1.5 Wes »� `Harris County Friendswood C \ Webster *L � VNE Zone _ «� I..,�� , A/AE Zone Oto i League X Zone i city At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood i i \ Major Roads Streets Parcels 0 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Im Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.6: Flooding Potential (Hitchcock) \Brazoria� Hitchci Fo s a 'Y Texas .,t La Marq�g � C�iiy . f• _ 1��7� _1 �I ry i Is R R 1 � rn �., .lamaic� � •, B VNE Zone A/AE Zone X Zone At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood Streets \ Major Roads Parcels 6-S Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach Kemah La iVlarque League City Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.7: Flooding Potential (JarnaicaBeach) VNE Zone ' West Bay A/AE Zone Major Roads' — \ streets f +. Parcels Cc J + Galveston i • �•fi ' Beach 0 s I '✓'� GMeX�co a oae oz oa v ia i I Miles Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I GA Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ` p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.8: Flooding Potential (Kemah) i Lake Shores League City d x �t i E �k �g✓ 5 �+ 0 0.1 02 0I Mites Kemah VNE Zone A/AE Zone X Zone At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood Major Roads Streets Parcels Bacliff 0 I 6-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstivood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional ', p Hazard Mitigation Plan 0 s N WE 5 a 0 0.5 1 /- ae I \ Miles Figure 6.9: Flooding Potential (La Marque) I� VNE Zone A/AE Zone �l A Zone CA At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood Texas \ Major Roads City � \Streets © 9 J Parcels in I'r7iv XY 11l-_ 1 'ilk. Lq Hitchcock Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsuvood I Hitchcock I 6-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah La lvfarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island *Re S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.10: Flooding Potential (League City) fiouston jYrland G Harris Web9te County ..�� Friendswood !� ` J • IBacliff j - �! League C� rt VNE Zone Brazori q� NAE Zone County- _ X Zone RgY s . Cl At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood ar \Major Roads Q s Santa Fe \ Streets 0 0l 5 1 'z - -- J Parcels Al!Ws Hillcrest 6-12 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.11: Flooding Potential (Santa FeJ League r 'CityCedar C k t / Texas City Gl�( Walur Co Cnl Santa Fe Highland Byu XLMarque • � i t Hitch�oCk City Brazoria County � 4.tt3i U VNE Zom n9 "B NAE Zom N XZane Vy—i r At Risk 0.2%Annual Mod Mapt Roads 3 0 streats D 0.5 1 2 Miles Hitch k ci cn parcels I i 1 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores i Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island po� S I Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ... Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.12: Flooding Potential (Village of Tiki Island) NG VNE Zone NAE Zone X Zone At Risk 0.2%Annual Flood \ Major Roads \ Streets Parcels wes(eaY Texas City Wf. S OI 0.1 02 04 6d4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional f Hazard Mitigation Plan NINEPIN 6,3 Extent Determining the intensity and magnitude of a flood event is dependent upon the flood zone and location of the flood hazard area. Figure 6.13 describes the flood impact in terms of severity or potential harm while Figures 6.2 through 6.12 depicts the flood location and potential magnitude of an event by jurisdiction. To determine the intensity of an event, the figures should be read together. For example, Tiki Island, as shown in Figure 6.12 is mainly in Zone V/VE, meaning that the area is subject to the 100-year flood with the velocity hazard or wave action. A 100-year flood constitutes a threat to the county. Structures built in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SPHD) are subject to damage by rising waters and floating debris. Moving flood water exerts pressure on everything in its path and causes erosion of soil and scour around solid objects. Utility systems, such as heating, ventilation, air conditioning, fuel, electrical systems, sewage maintenance systems and water systems, if not elevated above base flood elevation, may also be damaged. Figure 6.13: Description ofFloodZones m1 OR 0 m ®m it i�11' I NINNO 0. cubmibittWITPIP Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-15 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan To determine the extent of rainfall for the Galveston County planning area, data retrieved from the National Weather Service was reviewed to determine the level of impact recorded for the Houston/Galveston Area). The greatest one day rainfall event occurred on October 8, 1901 with a total of 13.93 inches recorded in the Houston/Galveston area. Since rainfall typically impacts a wide area, each jurisdiction can expect the same impact. Below is a summary of the events recorded. Rain Totals (inches) - 2015 to 2011 2015 5.44 0.70 7.69 5.30 3.05 2.75 0.23 6.40 11.13 9.80 5.55 3.49 61.53 2014 1.36 1.69 1.82 0.10 3.72 1.53 1.08 4.95 6.11 1.75 3.91 3.87 31.89 2013 7.18 2.24 0.72 3.46 1.12 3.26 2.40 3.85 5.06 6.85 2.45 0.65 39.24 2112 3.0 77.32 4.96 1.99 4.22 4.10 5.60 6.14 5.63 0.51 0.86 2.87 47.21 2011 3.86 0.67 2.70 0.12 0.38 0.94 1.11 0.10 1.70 4.60 2.36 4.41 22.95 Normal Rainfall (inches) -1981 to 2010 Source: htlo:/Nrww.weather.eovmaz/climate als normals summary Coastal communities, such as Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, Bayou Vista, Tiki Island, Jamaica Beach, and unincorporated areas of Galveston County will also be subject to coastal flooding caused by tropical storms and storm surge events. As shown in Figure 6.13, Hurricane Ike produced a range of 4 ft, to over 10 ft. of flood waters due to storm surge to these communities. Boundary boxes have been placed near the location of the coastal communities noted. This figure should be reviewed with the flood zone Figures 6.1 to 6.12 for additional geographic reference. 6-16 Galveston County I Bayou Vista i I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ,f p Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 6.13: Hurricane Ike Storm Surge -Galveston County Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Flitchcock I 6-17 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island i �"- -r Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 6.4 HistoricalOccurrences Rainfall averages 50.76 inches annually. When 50 inches fall periodically throughout the year, flooding is not an issue. However, when rain falls in less frequent rain events, flash flooding can result. Previous occurrences for inland and coastal flood are depicted in Table 6.1. In most cases, the data reported to the NCDC was documented as countywide or general areas within the county (i.e. northern and southern portions, etc.). All participating jurisdictions within this plan update have experienced historical flood occurrences. Table 6.1: Historic Flood Occurrences in Galveston County Type Clear Lake Shores 0513011995 Flash Flood Death Injury 0 0 Damage $50,000 Damage $0 Coastal County 11/16/1996 Coastal Flood 0 0 $250,000 $0 Galveston 12/17/1995 Flash Flood 0 0 $203000 $0 Galveston 1211811995 Flash Flood 0 0 $53000 $0 Northern County 0112611996 Flash Flood 0 0 $30,000 $0 Countywide 01/2711997 Flash Flood 0 0 $500 $0 Countywide 04/25/1997 Coastal Flood 0 0 $350,000 $0 East Portion 111511997 Flash Flood 0 0 $20,000 $0 Central Portion 12/8/1997 Flash Flood 0 0 $14,000 1 $0 North Portion 114/1998 Flash Flood 0 0 $3,000 $0 South Portion 6/29/1998 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 South Portion 9/10/1998 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 South Portion 101411998 Flash Flood 0 0 $35,000 $0 South Portion 1014/1998 Flash Flood 0 0 $10,000 $0 Fdendswood 10/18/1998 Flash Flood 0 0 $3,000 $0 Nodhwest Portion 06/25/1999 Flash Flood 1 0 0 $50,000 $0 Countywide 9/13/2000 Flash Flood 0 0 $100,000 $0 6.18 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan f.A Location Countywide Date 615/2001 Type Flash Flood Death 0 Injury 0 Property Damage $0 Crop Damage $0 Central Portion 618/2001 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 Northern Portion 619/2001 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 Northern Portion 619/2001 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 League City 4/812002 Flash Flood 0 0 $5,000 $0 League City 5/17/2002 Flash Flood 0 1 0 $2,000 $0 South Portion 8/15/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $75,000 $0 Countywide 8/15/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $100,000 $0 Jamaica Beach 9/10/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $45,000 $0 League City 9/19/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $25,000 $0 East Portion 10/8/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $15,000 $0 North Portion 10/24/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $750000 $0 Countywide 11/5/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $55,000 $0 Central Portion 12/4/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $20,000 $0 League City 8/31/2003 Flash Flood 0 0 $3,000 $0 Countywide 9/1I2003 Flash Flood 0 0 $4,000 $0 Friendswood 11/17/2003 Flash Flood 0 0 $50000 $0 Santa Fe 6123/2004 Flash Flood 0 0 $3,000 $0 League City 11/2/2004 Flash Flood 0 0 $3,000 $0 Coastal County 10/16/2006 Coastal Flood 0 0 $75,000 $0 Friendswood 10/16/2006 Flash Flood 0 0 $2503000 $0 League City-Arpl 9/1412008 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 League City-Arpt 4/18/2009 Flash Flood 0 0 Unknown $0 League City-Arpt 4/2412009 Flash Flood 0 0 $5,000 $0 League City 1011/2009 Flash Flood 0 0 $5,000 $0 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-19 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Location League City-Arpt D. • 10/22/2009 Type Flash Flood Property Crop Death Injury Damage Damage 0 0 $0 $0 Coastal County 11/8/2009 Coastal Flood 0 0 $0 $0 Coastal County 12/1/2009 Coastal Flood 0 0 $0 $0 GLS-Airport 6/14/2010 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 Coastal County 1/9/2011 Coastal Flood 0 0 $5,000 $0 League City 5/12/2012 Flash Flood 0 0 $50000 $0 Friendswood 10/31/2013 Flash Flood 0 0 $10,000 $0 League City-Arpt 9/18/2014 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 League City-Arpt 4/17/2015 Flash Flood 0 0 $2,000 $0 League City 5/12/2015 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 League City 6/13/2015 Flash Flood 0 0 $0 $0 Source: NCDC (1950-2014) No losses of lives or injuries were reported for historical occurrences of flooding according to the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The approximate total amount of property damage was $1.73 million dollars. 6.5 Probability of Future Events Although the intensity of a flood event can become lower as building codes and ordinances are made stronger or properties are "flood proofed;' given the frequency of historical events, it is highly likely that the area will flood again. On average there is a flood event within each year. 6-20 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 6.6 VulnerabilityAss 4111e11t The building vulnerability assessment was conducted using a GIS mapping analysis process in which storm surge inundation GIS data was overlaid with local parcel data to determine the number of parcels that intersect these hazard zones. Data from the County's 2015 tax assessment was then used to determine the assessed value of these at-riskproperties. In making vulnerability determinations, it was decided that if any portion of structure was confirmed to be located within a storm surge inundation zone, then it was determined to be at risk to that flood hazard. While the GIS-based assessment does use specific attribute data tied to each property (i.e., year built and building value), it does not take into account certain unknown site - specific factors that may mitigate future flood losses on a building -by -building basis (such as finished floor elevations, surrounding topography, flood proofing measures, drainage, etc.). No further analysis of the potential vulnerability of structures to flooding was completed as part of this assessment. Tables 6.2 through 6.6 show the potentially affected exposure for coastal flooding in Galveston County. Table 6.7 provides potential annualized losses due to coastal flooding, and Table 6.8 provides information on critical facilities and infrastructure potentially damaged due to coastal flooding. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I G21 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 6.2: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (Category i Storm Surge) IN Jurisdiction Bayou Vista 11537 11324 Improved Value of Parcels $225,154,990 1,530 891 $164,088,970 Clear Lake Shores 12069 1,051 $2439448,194 509 276 $64,142,744 Friendswood 263364 10,853 $3,08531643965 3,958 188 $47,767,140 Hitchcock 61961 61337 $460,075,283 11505 564 $80,615,347 Jamaica Beach 983 11590 $3383227,637 484 660 $169,399,172 Kemah 21906 1,221 $294,986,165 947 96 $79,211,761 La Marque 142543 81972 1 $827,263,553 441 202 $40,2185160 League City 82,353 35,762 $8,164,064,546 10,196 1,256 $51253772909 Santa Fe 123814 63457 $845,974,919 269 2 $267,000 Tiki Island 966 11254 $4455402,231 933 778 $291,1513386 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $21931110%729 51111 4,044 $408,179,054 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,212 25,883 81957 $1,857,418,643 Table 6.3: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (Category 2 Storm Surge) Bayou Vista 11537 11324 $225,154,990 1,537 12324 $2251154,990 Clear Lake Shores 11069 11051 $24324482194 1,069 13035 $234,3662034 Friendswood 26,364 10,853 $3,085,164,965 5,822 408 $105,914,524 Hitchcock 62222961 6,337 $4603075,283 31474 11675 $160J331,192 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 983 1,590 $3383227,637 Kemah 2,906 1,221 $294,986,165 15240 498 $1621042,541 La Marque 14,543 8,972 $827,263,553 11409 982 $92,630,416 League City 82,353 35,762 $8j641064I546 29,387 21712 $1,023,852,238 Santa Fe 12,814 61457 $845,974,919 976 5 $930j450 Tiki Island 966 12254 $4451402t231 966 11253 $445,380,771 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,931,1091729 111155 18,253 $1,38814571593 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,8603872,212 1 58,018 29,735 $41177,2883386 6-22 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I ICemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 6.4: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (Category 3 IV Jurisdiction Bayou Vista w I M01 12537 11190 OU 1,324 Innorove Value of Parcels $225,154,990 At Risk (Category 3 Zones) I Number of Number of I eop e at Parcels at Value of Parcels Risk Risk at Risk 11537 1,324 $225,154,990 Clear Lake Shores 11069 11051 $243,448,194 11069 1,051 $243,448,194 Friendswood 26,364 100853 $3,085,164,965 81717 858 $244,692,012 Hitchcock 6,961 61337 $4602075,283 61849 5,946 $416,6031720 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 983 11590 $338,227,637 Kemah 21906 11221 $294,986J65 2,906 1,217 $2942604,355 La Marque 14,543 8,972 $827,263,553 14,305 8,171 $665,8522808 League City 82,353 35,762 $8216430642546 65,964 19,061 $42738,5382131 Santa Fe 12,814 61457 $845,974,919 2,706 371 $51,274,960 Tiki Island 966 1,254 $445,402,231 966 11254 $44554022231 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $22931,1092729 29,092 29,179 $2,272,7395367 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,212 135,094 70,022 $9,936,538,405 Table 6.5: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (Category 4 Storm Surge) 7MGhcock76,961 3776,337 $225,154,990 1,537 12324 $225,154,990 69 $2432448,194 11069 1,051 $243,448,194 64 $3,085,164,965 19,539 42435 $1,361,779,673 961 $460,075,283 62961 61312 $457,397,363 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 983 11590 $338,227,637 Kemah 21906 11221 $2942986,165 21906 1,221 $294,986,165 La Marque 14,543 8,972 $827,263,553 14,543 8,969 $825,681,153 League City 82,353 35,762 $8,164,064,546 82,268 343168 $7,809,891,714 Santa Fe 12,814 61457 $845,974,919 10,241 41444 $590,002,402 Tikilsland 966 11254 $44534023231 966 1,254 $445,4021231 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,9311109,729 38,071 32,805 $2,732,233,424 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,212 17%084 97,573 $15j324,204,946 Galveston County I Batiou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 6-23 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I I.a �[arque I League City i Santa Pe I Tiki Island (Io S A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 6.6: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels byJurisdiction (Category 5 Storm Surge) Bayou Vista 1,537 1,324 $225,1543990 1,537 1,324 $225J54,990 Clear Lake Shores 1,069 11051 $243,448J94 1,069 1,051 $243,448,194 Friendswood 26,364 10,853 $3,0852164,965 26,364 10,853 $3,085J641865 Hitchcock 61961 61337 $460,0759283 61961 61337 $460,075,283 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 983 1,590 $338,227,637 Kemah 2,906 11221 $294,986,165 21906 1,221 $294,986,165 La Marque 14,543 81972 $8273263,553 142543 82972 $827,263,553 League City 82,353 35,762 $82164,064,546 82,353 35,762 $8J64,064,546 Santa Fe 12,814 6,457 $845,974,919 12,814 61457 $845,974,919 Tiki Island 966 12254 $4453402,231 966 1,254 $445,402,231 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,931,109,729 40,244 34,756 $2,9313109,729 Total 190,740 109,577 $171860,872,212 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,112 Table 6.7: Potential Annualized Losses Due to Storm Surge for Galveston County (Countywide) Table 6.8: Critical Facilities Exposed to Storm Surge in Galveston County(Countywide) 6-24 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I CLear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N[arquc I League City I Santa Le I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan In order to assess exposure to the flood hazard, digital flood hazard data was compared with census block data and parcel information provided by the county to determine the total estimated population, total estimated number of parcels, and total improved value of parcels intersecting three flood hazard areas. The three flood hazard areas analyzed consist of the 100-year inland flood hazard (based on mapped A/AE Zones), the 100-year coastal flood hazard (based on mapped V/VE Zones), and the 500- year flood hazard (based on mapped B Zones). Tables 6.9 to 6.11 show the results of each analysis by jurisdiction. Table 6.12 shows the potential impact on critical facilities. Table 6.9: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (100-Year Flood -Inland) Bayou Vista 1,537 1,324 mproved Value of Parcels $225,154,990 Number of People at Risk 11470 GUNiT Number of Parcels at Value of Parcels Risk at Risk 1,099 $1851493,420 ClearLakeShores 1,069 1,051 $243,448,194 13069 987 $240,705,924 Fdendswood 26,364 10,853 $3,085,164,965 14,097 21162 $6633350,938 Hitchcock 6,961 6,337 $460,0752283 6,629 49632 $286,761,580 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 961 11438 $2943440,652 Kemah 2,906 13221 $2941986J65 11592 898 $230,7501405 La Marque 14,543 8,972 $827,263,553 3,704 11401 $172,9400454 League City 82,353 35,762 $8,164,0643546 37,231 81460 $2,084,836,964 Santa Fe 12,814 63457 $845,9749919 4,221 609 $969352,765 Tiki Island 966 1,254 $44534023231 147 90 $22J183888 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,931,109,729 20,469 10,714 $842,1219362 Total 190,740 1091577 1 $17,86018721212 911590 1 32,490 $5J1%8731352 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I G-25 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 6.10: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (100-Year Flood -Coastal) 7Vilsta,726t364 Improved Value of 1,324 $225,754,990 1,532 277 $49,006,030 1,051$243,448,194 234 109 $23,213,493 10,853 $3,085,164,965 0 0 $0 , 6,337 $460,075,283 281 728 $72,387,309 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,227,637 189 192 $605784,015 Kemah 21906 13221 $2945986,165 169 110 $75,973,581 La Marque 14,543 8,972 $827,2631553 115 371 $4,234,692 League City 82,353 35,762 $8,164,064,546 21560 110 $87,666,080 Santa Fe 121814 61457 $845,974,919 0 0 $0 TO Island 966 1,254 $445,402,231 966 1,211 $4343753,591 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,9313109,729 3,332 13,969 $1,217,475,012 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,212 %378 17,077 $2,025,493,803 Table 5.11: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction (500-Year Flood) T 1,537 1,324 $225,154,990 0 r 0 $0 1,069 1,051 $24324482194 4 8 $22,789,590 26,364 102853 $32085,164,965 14,178 23882 $954,702,397 Hitchcock 61961 6,337 $460,075,283 4,705 1,779 $196,227,284 Jamaica Beach 983 1,590 $338,2273637 0 0 $0 Kemah 2,906 13221 $294,986,165 2,494 471 $123,3215865 La Marque 14,543 81972 $827,263,553 9,871 4,885 $5161860,254 League Ci 82,353 35,762 $8,164,064,546 49,569 11,365 $3,054,8965076 Santa Fe 12,814 6,457 $845,974,919 4,617 1,027 $1421152,322 Tiki Island 966 10254 $445,402,231 0 0 $0 Unincorporated 40,244 34,756 $2,931,109,729 23,274 71375 $706,082,824 Total 190,740 109,577 $17,860,872,212 108,712 29,792 $5,7171032,612 6-26 Galveston County I Bayou Viso I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-lilchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 6.12: Potentiallmpacts to Critical Facilities and Infrastructure fq Bayou Vista 0 rr 0 0% Clear Lake Shores 1 1 100% Friendswood 14 0 0% Hitchcock 11 4 36% Jamaica Beach 1 1 100% Kemah 3 2 67% La Marque 13 0 0% League City 28 2 7% Santa Fe 9 1 11% Tiki Island 2 2 100% Unincorporated 1 14 1 5 1 36% Total 96 18 19°/ Source: HAZUS-MH 6.7 Impact Based on the vulnerability assessment, a coastal flooding or storm surge event will have a greater impact on the area than an inland flood event. With a strong hurricane storm surge, the total value at risk is over $17 billion dollars compared to approximately $5 billion with an inland flooding event. Based on the relative exposure and history of previous occurrences, the potential severity and impact of a major flood event are substantial. A major event or storm surge could result in multiple fatalities, a complete shutdown of facilities for 30 or more days, leaving more than half of all property destroyed or substantially damaged. Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 6-27 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional �_ a Hazard Mitigation Plan 7.0 Extreme Heat 7.1 Description Severe, excessive summer heat Is characterized by a combination of exceptionally high temperatures and humidity. When these conditions persist over a period of time, it is called a heat wave. Many areas of the country are susceptible to heat waves, including the Texas Gulf Coast and Galveston County. Major human risks associated with severe summer heat include heatstroke, heat exhaustion, and heat cramps. Most at risk are outdoor workers, the elderly, children, and people in poor physical health. The effects of severe summer heat are always more pronounced in urbanized areas than in rural areas. Within urbanized areas, pervasive heat is exacerbated by what is known as the heat island effect, in which concrete and metal infrastructure absorbs radiant heat energy from the sun during the day and emits that heat energy during the night. This cyclical process essentially traps the heat in urbanized areas and makes it as much as 10 degrees warmer than surrounding areas. I � During summer months, Galveston County is frequently affected by severe heat hazards. Daily high temperatures range into the upper 90's and low 100's. Moderate to high relative humidity levels are prevalent in the county. The heat index can move into dangerous levels. A heat index of 105 degrees is where many people begin to experience extreme discomfort or physical distress. Severe summer heat is an invisible killer. Although a heat wave does not happen with the spectacle of other hazards such as tornadoes and floods, the National Center for Environmental Health' reports that from 1999-2009, excessive heat exposure caused 7,233 deaths in the United States. Heat -related deaths were reported most frequently among males (69 percent) and 36 percent were adults aged 65 years and older. Ninety-four percent of heat -related deaths occurred during May —September, with the highest numbers reported during July (39 percent) and August (27 percent). ' http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6222a1.htm Kochanek K, Xu 1, Murphy S, Minino A, Kung H. Deaths: final data for 2009. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2011;60(3). Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 7-1 I � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island o=� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 7.2 Location There is no distinct geographic boundary to . excessive summer heat. Excessive heat can occur in every participating jurisdiction within t?^* Galveston County area as shown in Figure 7.1. R- J �. Figure 7.1: Galveston County and Participating — Jurisdictions — r� 7.3 Extent Extreme summer heat is measured not only in terms of excessive high temperatures, but also on relative humidity with regard to temperature. Galveston County has experienced periods of extreme summer heat, which leads to injury and even death. Due to its location, the entire county also experiences high humidity along with high temperatures. Temperatures can often climb above 100 degrees during the summer months. This high heat combined with a high percentage of humidity increases the Heat Index as shown in Figure 7.2, Figure 7.2; Extent Scale for Extreme Summer Heat �?I mQS. ' 11. 1 ��iiil® �� ��m��mm I I ���®®rIL1r1 MMmM©' Om©I ®©©' m' I I li 1 ' / 1 1.1 /1 1 1 �1 Heat / • 1 1sunstroke lhly likely 1 . 1 MMMMMIML 11 Sunstroke,/ heat 1 / kelyr Extreme Cautin 1 Sunstroke,h•cramps, 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 • mm6'IF�i[•'.Il[fiiblFFirnEtifi'7�i in, 7-2 GalvestonCounty I Bayou Vista I ClearLakeShores I Friendswood (Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Nfarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island I Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan ... Based on the extent scale in Figure 7.2 an extreme summer heat event could occur with an air temperature as low as 80°F if the percentage of humidity was equal to or greater than 40 percent. Even though this temperature seems relatively low, given the high humidity, fatigue is possible. Citizens, especially children and the elderly should exercise caution by staying out of the heat for prolonged periods at this temperature and relative humidity. As the chart indicates, fatigue is possible, but can also occur with prolonged exposure or physical activity. Citizens who work outdoors should exercise caution even at the lower temperature if the humidity is at a high level. With prolonged exposure or physical activity, fatigue could result in causing dizziness, headaches or nausea. Because Galveston County and all the participating jurisdictions within this plan update are affected seasonally by extreme summer heat, the extent scales provide a means for better targeting mitigation actions to protect lives. For example, it is important to note that heat stroke and associated fatigue are possible even when the temperature is not at a high peak. Using the extent scale in Figure 7.1 to combine heat and humidity allows officials to better predict events and more accurately warn citizens of danger. Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island can expect the intensity of extreme heat to range from caution to extreme danger as noted in Figure 7.2. Table 7.1 displays the National Weather Service's heat advisory and warning descriptions. Table 7.1: Extreme Summer Heat Warnings Source: NationalWealherService Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 7-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island pop Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 7.4 Historical occurrences In other parts of the country and the world, severe summer heat hazards have had devastating consequences. For instance, in 1995 a two -week-long heat wave hit Chicago and the heat index peaked at 119°F. There were 465 deaths directly attributable to the heat wave and more than half of the victims were 75 years of age or older. In June 2013, scorching heat, caused by a dome of hot air trapped by a high pressure ridge, pushed temperatures above 100°F in parts of Texas, California, Arizona, Idaho, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. This event claimed the life of one man in California and numerous illness/injuries throughout the impacted area.' According to the National Climatic Data Center, a strong heat wave effected Texas in the summers of 1999 and 2000. This increases the importance of increased public awareness regarding the danger of extreme heat. Specific occurrences for Galveston County are listed in Table 7.2. These events are only captured on a countywide basis and are considered historical occurrences for all the participating jurisdictions within this plan update. Table 7.2: Historical Excessive Heat Events In Galveston County 7/21/1995 2 200 0 0 6126/1999 3 0 0 0 8/01/1999 6 0 0 0 7/06120 00 19 0 0 0 8/29/2000 3 0 1 0 1 0 9/01/2000 5 0 0 0 06124/2009 0 0 0 0 07/09/2009 0 0 0 0 Source: Events from 199510 2000 were reported in the 2011-2016 Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Plan Events from 2009 were reported on the NCDC database ' http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-weather-heat-idUSBRE95S0AS20130630 7-4 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island i Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan 7.a Probability of Future Events The likelihood or future probability of occurrence of excessive summer heat in the Galveston County, including the all participating jurisdictions, is likely to occur within the next four to five years. Extreme drought conditions and above -average temperatures for 2009 have affected all of Central Texas as far southeast as Galveston County. In the past, multiple counties throughout the region have issued burn bans to prevent the occurrence of wildfires due to extreme heat and dry conditions. 7.6 Vulnerability Assessment The elderly, disabled, and debilitated are especially susceptible to heat stroke. Therefore communities with substantial populations of elderly people could face a significant medical emergency during an extended period of excessive heat. Table 7.3 exhibits each jurisdictions percentage of elderly. Table 7.3 Elderly Population by Jurisdiction Jurisdiction Bayou Vista ,i i, (2Census) 11537 (Overpulation Elderly 342 22% Clear Lake Shores 11063 164 15% Friendswood 35,805 41198 12% Hitchcock 61961 957 14% Jamaica Beach 983 192 20% Kemah 11773 171 10% La Marque 14,509 21006 14% League City 839560 6,117 7% Santa Fe 12,222 1,742 14% Village of Tiki Island 968 243 25% Galveston County 291,309 32,804 11% Source: US Census 2010, Summary File, U.S Census ACS 5 year estimates 2009-2013 The dispersion of extreme heat is relatively uniform across the county although highly urbanized areas may exhibit heat island effects in which localized temperatures may be 3-5 degrees higher than surrounding areas. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 7-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional jot Hazard Mitigation Plan Critical facilities are also susceptible to power failures and brown outs as energy supplies become stressed during an extended period of high heat. 7.7 Impact The potential impact of excessive summer heat is considered minor, resulting in few, if any, injuries. However, the special needs population (children under five, the elderly, and those living below poverty level) may be more at risk to extreme heat conditions if access to air conditioning may be limited or unavailable and a potential for small children to be left unattended in vehicles. Table 7.4 expands the population data provided in subsection 7.6 to include the additional categories of population and the overall percentage of those potentially at risk by jurisdiction. The effect on property would be limited, with minimal disruption to quality of life. Any shutdown of facilities is temporary. In addition, each participating jurisdiction in this plan could be equally at risk for other areas concern such as the beach and outdoor shopping/recreational places. Table 7.4 Special Needs Population by Jurisdiction Bayou Vista r�r 11537 33 • 342 229 39% Clear Lake Shores 11063 37 164 237 41% Friendswood 350805 11867 41198 7,001 36% Hitchcock 6,691 592 957 95 25% Jamaica Beach 983 35 192 226 46% Kemah 1,773 121 171 430 41 % La Marque 14$09 13060 21006 62 22% League City 83,560 6,485 61117 528 16% Santa Fe 12,222 703 11742 238 22% Tiki Island 968 20 243 26 30% Galveston County 291,309 1%979 32,804 38,856 31% Source: US Census 2010, Summary File, U.S Census ACS 5 year estimates 2009-2013 7-6 Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 8.0 Tornado 8.1 Description Tornadoes are nature's most violent storms, spawned from powerful thunderstorms, causing fatalities and devastating properties in seconds. A tornado appears as a rotating, funnel -shaped cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 300 miles per hour. Damage paths can exceed one mile wide and 50 miles long. Some tornadoes are clearly visible while rain or nearby low -hanging clouds obscure others. Occasionally, tornadoes develop so rapidly little, if any, advance warning is possible. Before a tornado hits, the wind may die down, and the air may become very still. A cloud of debris can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel is not visible. Tornadoes generally occur near the trailing edge of a thunderstorm. It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies Galveston County Tornado September 5, 2014 behind a tornado. Courtesy ofKHUO-11 News Galveston County, which borders the Texas Gulf Coast, is known for frequent severe weather and thunderstorms. In addition, tornadoes occasionally accompany tropical storms and hurricanes that move over land. Tornadoes are the most common to the right and front of the storm center path as it comes ashore. 8.1 Location While historical tornado events in the Galveston County area total 92 from 1950 to 2015 (Figure 8A), locations of these incidents are random and unpredictable. In fact, the historical evidence indicates that most of the area is vulnerable to the tornado hazard. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 8-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 8.1: Location of Historical Tornado Events (NCDC) �Pra.ianQ 'Sejp(ook rr QIe ,r Lake 9T� f D ;` eaeaeU A y i orn dena,waoq 09rhot 0 0 0 League fity I O Okkhen� reaaacit `vT � o 01 \O Santa Fe i'i= \ ° 0 00 00 o B 0 UMatq0 0 00000 \ 0\ 01 0 BaY80 t<a�i NflcAcocN/0 2 • 0 . Wive,ton a+Mail aaan o 0 0 00 w Legend p FuteUEnNn<.a FuFk km 0 tea. _ U Ow �n • nan Can ®x..w m w,w mw iott mtma 'm q tapa.aetreHlA 8-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica ¢each I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional 41 Hazard Mitigation Plan 8.3 Extent The Enhanced Fujita Scale, or EF Scale (Table 8.1), is the current scale for rating the strength of tornadoes in the United States; magnitude is estimated via the damage left behind. Implemented in February 2007, it replaced the Fujita Scale. The scale has the same basic design as the original Fujita Scale, six categories from zero to five, representing increasing degrees of damage. The new scale takes into account how most structures are designed, and is thought to be more accurate representation of the surface wind speeds in the most violent tornadoes. Table 8.1: Enhanced Fujifa Scale ujita peed Category (mph) Potential Damage EFO 65-85 Light damage. Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or siding; branches broken off trees; shallow -rooted trees pushed over. EF1 86-110 Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken. Considerable damage. Roofs tom off well -constructed houses; foundations of frame homes EF2 111-135 shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light -object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground. Severe damage. Entire stories of well -constructed houses destroyed; severe damage to large EF3 136-165 buildings, such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. EF4 166-200 Devastating damage. Well -constructed houses and whole frame houses completely leveled; cars thrown and small missiles generated. Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away; automobile- EF5 >200 sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 m (109 yd.); high-rise buildings have significant structural deformation; incredible phenomena will occur. Source: NOAA Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 8-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Galveston Hazard Mitigation Plan 8.4 Historical Occurrences The NCDC database was reviewed from 1950 through June 2014. Table 8-2 shows aggregated historical information byjurisdiction. The date range in Table 8.2 begins with the first occurrence ecorded in the NCDC data base. Historical evidence shows that most of the area is vulnerable to tornadic activity. This hazard can esult from severe thunderstorm activity or may occur during a tropical storm or hurricane. Table 8.2 shows aggregated historical information byjurisdiction. Table 8.2: Overall Historical Tornado Impact by Jurisdiction (March 1957-June 2014j Property Jurisdiction Damage No. of Events Magnitude (Fujjta Scale) FO F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Magnitude (Enhanced Fujita Scale) EFO I EF1 EF2 I EF3 I EF4 I EF5 Jamaica Beach �'. r, r ME®E©E■©MEMEM Source: National Climatic Data Center (note: two events in the County had unknown intensity) 8-4 Galseston County I Bayou Vista I C tear I,alie Shores I Friends��ood I Hitchmcl: I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I`riki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 8.3 Probability of Future Events It is important to note that the range used to calculate the probability of future occurrence begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDC. Based on this historical average, tornadoes are highly likely. While some years have no recorded events, a tornado -to -year average indicates a tornado occurs every year (1.6 per year). Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island can expect the same probability of one tornado per year. 8.6 Vulnerability Assessment Because tornadoes often cross jurisdictional boundaries, all existing and future buildings, facilities, and populations are considered to be exposed to this hazard and could potentially be affected. It is important to note that only reported tornadoes have been factored into this assessment and that the range used to calculate annualized expected property losses begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDC. Table 8.3 shows potential annualized property losses for each jurisdiction. Table 8.3: Potential annualized losses by jurisdiction in the Galveston Countyarea Jurisdiction Total Exposure* Property Losses Loss Ratio Bayou Vista $148,402,840 "Negligible 0,00% Clear Lake Shores $169,233,443 "Negligible 0,00% Friendswood $213723450,647 $92070 0,00% Hitchcock $291,155,638 "Negligible 0,00% Jamaica Beach $253,4493835 "Negligible 0,00% Kemah $184,174,314 "Negligible 0,00% La Marque $6%967,900 "Negligible 0,00% League City $6,285,876,473 "Negligible 0,00% Santa Fe $633,204,508 "Negligible 0,00% Tiki Island $307,0352208 "Negligible 0,00% Unincorporated $13738109915081 $564,6651 0,00% Total $13jOO 0 ,049,8641 $579,2131 0,00% Note: `Total Exposure is improved value of parcels in GalvestonCounty "Negligible is less than $5,000 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I f3-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan The damage caused by strong tornadoes can be extensive for site -built homes as well as manufactured homes. But according to the National Weather Service, research of tornado sites has shown time and time again, that manufactured homes are more susceptible. The enhanced Fujita scale identifies wind speeds that would completely destroy structures. For single-family site -built homes, it would take winds in excess of 170 miles per hour (EF-4). For a single wide manufactured home that drops to 127 miles per hour (EF2), and for a double wide manufactured home, 134 miles per hour (EF-2). The highest number of manufactured homes within the planning area is in the unincorporated portion of the county, followed by League City and Santa Fe respectively. Table 8.4 lists the number of manufactured homes along with the ratio of manufactured homes as compared to the number of housing units in each jurisdiction. Table 8.4: Manufactured Homes by Jurisdiction Jurisdiction Bayou Vista FTotalHousmg Units 1,252 Manufactured Homes 0 Manufactured Homes to Housing Ratio 0 Clear Lake Shores 617 0 0 Friendswood 13,593 72 .005 Hitchcock 3,273 353 .108 Jamaica Beach 11213 0 0 Kemah 886 0 0 La Marque 6,341 182 .029 League City 33,098 435 .013 Santa Fe 5,261 396 .075 Tiki Island 964 0 0 Galveston County 136,1601 51486 .040 Soume: US Census ACS 2010-2014; The ACS estimate of 10 was updated to reflect the specific number obtained in local counts. The updated informatlon is within the margin of error o(+l-16 units of the ACS estimate. 8-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 8.7 Impact Seasonal patterns are relevant to tornadoes. Thunderstorms form when warm, moist air collides with cooler, drier air. Since these masses tend to come together during the transition from summer to winter, most thunderstorms and resulting tornadoes occur during the spring (April through June) and fall (October through December). Warning time for tornadoes is minimal and ranges from no warning time to 30 minutes. Based on the seasonal occurrence of tornadoes and the potential losses that could result, the impact can be substantial. They can cause multiple deaths, completely shut down facilities for 30 days or more, and cause more than 50 percent of affected properties to be destroyed or sustain major damage. Frientlswood tornado, October 31, 2015 - Courtesy of onenewsoaae.com Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 8-0 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` p Hazard Mitigation Plan 9.v Windstorm 9.1 Description Thunderstorms are associated with frontal boundaries and surface heating of the earth. Every year approximately 100,000 thunderstorms occur in the United States. Though they are most likely in the spring and summer months and during the afternoon and evening, thunderstorms can occur year round and at any given hour. The strongest of these storms can cause damage to property and threaten lives with strong winds. The National Weather Service (NWS) wind speed threshold for a severe thunderstorm is a surface wind speed of 58 miles per hour (93 km/h) or greater. Thunderstorm wind events fall into the following categories: Strai¢ht-line wind is a term used to define any thunderstorm wind that is not associated with rotation, and is used mainly to differentiate from tornadic winds. A downdraft is a small-scale column of air that rapidly sinks toward the ground. A downburst is a result of a strong downdraft. A downburst is a strong downdraft with horizontal dimensions larger than 4 km (2.5 ml) resulting in an outward burst of damaging winds on or near the ground. (Imagine the way water comes out of a faucet and hits the bottom of the sink.) Downburst winds may begin as a microburst and spread out over a wider area, sometimes producing damage similar to a strong tornado. Although usually associated with thunderstorms, downbursts can occur with showers too weak to produce thunder. Downburst - Courtesy of Jason Boggs, 2014 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Leke Shores I Priendsworni I Hitchcock I 9-1 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La A4arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 1 it S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan A microburst is a small concentrated downburst that produces an outward burst of damaging winds at the surface. Microbursts are generally small (less than 4km across) and short- lived, lasting only 5-10 minutes, with maximum wind speeds up to 168 mph. There are two kinds of microbursts: wet and dry. A wet microburst is accompanied by heavy precipitation at the surface. Dry microbursts, common in places like the high plains and the intermountain west, occur with little or no precipitation reaching the ground. A>;ust front is the leading edge of rain -cooled air that clashes with warmer thunderstorm inflow. Gust fronts are characterized by a wind shift, temperature drop, and gusty winds out ahead of a thunderstorm. Sometimes the winds push up the air above them, forming a shelf cloud or detached roll cloud. I j A derecho is a widespread, long-lived wind storm that is associated with a band of rapidly moving showers or thunderstorms. A typical derecho consists of numerous microbursts, downbursts, and downburst clusters. By definition, if the wind damage swath extends more than 240 miles (about 400 kilometers) and Includes wind gusts of at least 58 mph (93 km/h) or greater along most of its length, then the event may be classified as a derecho. Source: hltD:/lwww.nss1.noaa.00v/education/svnvx101hvind/NDes/ In addition to windstorms directly related to thunderstorms, strong winds can also be produced by strong arctic cold fronts that plunge southward across the Plains from Canada. After the cold front has passed extreme differences in air pressure and temperature, they have a history of producing local winds at wind advisory levels with higher gusts. The NWS recognizes and defines three levels of wind -related advisories as follows: • Wind Advisory— Sustained winds ion mph or more or gusts ;AC mph or greater for a duration for one hour or longer. • High Winds —Sustained winds of 40 mph or greater for at least one hour, or frequent gusts of wind to 58 mph or greater. • Extreme Wind Warnings— Sustained winds of 115 mph or greater during gland -falling hurricane. I 9-2 Galveston Comity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I ,_� Jamaica Beach (Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional `I 4&F�A Hazard Mitigation Plan Another potential source of local windstorms is a phenomenon known as a gravity wave. High winds from gravity waves are caused by rapid warming and drying on the back edge of a trailing region of rain usually associated with weakening thunderstorms. If conditions are right, this process can lead to falling pressure, which in turn may cause dramatic increases in wind speeds. Usible Satellite Image of Gravity Wave Clouds off the Texas Coasl (NOAA) 9.2 Location Windstorms vary in terms of size, intensity, duration, and impacts. High winds associated with thunderstorms are frequent occurrences throughout Galveston County. Windstorms produced by arctic cold fronts and gravity waves are infrequent, however, they are often more expansive. It is assumed that all of the jurisdictions are uniformly exposed to windstorm events. GehestonCounty I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 9-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 9.3 Extent The strength of thunderstorm winds can vary from a light breeze to over 100 mph. Windstorms produced by cold fronts and gravity waves have been known to produce winds over 60 mph. The Beaufort wind scale exhibits the range in impacts of wind speeds as shown in Table 9.1. The Galveston County planning area is subject to all the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) classifications listed below. Table 9.1: Beaufort Wind Scale • , 0 Less than 1 Calm Sea surface smooth and mirror-like Calm, smoke rises vertically 1 1-3 Light Air Scaly ripples, no foam crests Smoke drift indicates wind direction, still wind vanes 2 4-6 Light Breeze Small wavelets, crests glassy, no breaking Wind felt on face, leaves rustle, vanes begin to move 3 7-10 Gentle Breeze Large wavelets, crests begin to break, Leaves and small twigs scattered whitecaps constantly moving, light gags extended 4 11-16 Moderate Small waves 1-4 ft, becoming longer, Dust, leaves, and loose paper Breeze numerous whitecaps lifted, small tree branches move 5 17-21 Fresh Breeze Moderate waves 4-8 ft, taking longer form, Small trees in leaf begin to sway man whitecaps, some spray 6 22-27 Strong Breeze Larger waves 8-13 ft., whitecaps common, Larger tree branches moving, more spray whistling in wires 7 28-33 Near Gale Sea heaps up, waves 13-20 ft., white Whole trees moving, resistance foam streaks off breakers felt walking against wind 8 34-40 Gale Moderately high (13-20 ft.) waves of Whole trees in motion, greater length, edges of crests begin to resistance fell walking against break into spindrift, foam blown in streaks wind 9 41-47 Strong Gale High waves (20 ft.), sea begins to roll, Slight structural damage occurs, dense streaks of foam, spray may reduce slate blows off roofs visibility 10 48-55 Storm Very high waves (20-30 ft) with Seldom experienced on land, overhanging crests, sea white with trees broken or uprooted, densely blown foam, heavy rolling, "considerable structural damage' lowered visibility 11 56-63 Violent Storm Exceptionally high (30-45 ft.) waves, foam patches cover sea, visibility more reduced 12 64+ Hurricane Air filled with foam, waves over 45 ft., sea completely white with driving spray, visibility reatl reduced Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center 94 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsevood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional f p Hazard Mitigation Plan 9.4 Historical Occurrences The NCDC database was reviewed from 1950 through June 2014. Table 9.2 shows aggregated historical information on windstorm events byJurisdiction and Figure 9.1 on the subsequent page provides a graphic representation of these events. The date range in Table 9.2 begins with the first occurrence recorded in the NCDC data base. Historical evidence shows countywide vulnerability to windstorms. Of the 116 windstorms identified, there was one gravity wave and one arctic cold front. A strong cold front swept into the area on November 15, 2006 with estimated wind gusts of 55 kts and a gravity wave impacted the area on April 24, 2004 with a measured gust of 69 mph at Galveston Scholes Airport. Also, a severe thunderstorm occurred on May 2, 1993 which caused an estimated 50 million dollars in damages across the County. The geographic extent of these wind fields is unknown and for this study these three windstorms have been included with information for Unincorporated Galveston County. Table 9.2: Historical Windstorm Events (Apri11964•June 2014) �WLIMM IT, Jurisdiction Bayou Vista Events 1 (kt / mph) Unknown $500 �. $0 Clear Lake Shores 2 55 / 63 $11,000 $0 'Friendswood 4 85 / 98 $118, 000 $0 Hitchcock 2 52 / 60 $56,000 $0 Jamaica Beach 6 70 / 81 $54,000 $0 Kemah 2 Unknown $1651000 $0 La Marque 2 61 / 70 $153000 $0 League City 15 62 / 71 $357,000 $0 Santa Fe 7 57 / 66 $156,000 $0 Village of Tiki Island 0 NA $0 $0 Galveston County (Unincorporated) 75 891102 $50,040,000 $2,000 Total 1 116 62171 1 $50,952,5001 $2,000 Source: NCDC ('Note that one event recorded by the NCDC latitude longitude coordinates in Fdendswood and listed under Galveston County was allocated to the Friendswood total) GalvestunCounty I BayouVista I ClearLakeShores I FriendsFvood (Hitchcock I 9-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island flamGalveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 9.1: Spatial Historical Wind Events (NCDC) on 1 i cTLilh' 7 ,L • el- . �IlrSanla Ke\\ 0 Isla_ngr,el�ge O Hitchcock - �:! Legentl �� o Speed Mal % vam - Galveston 1.54 Vach � eoo = Iwa- 2.5 5 0 �O 15 20OF= ' Mies k/ tzaa-mtt rD.V. Note: Only wind events with latitude, longitude locations are plotted 9.5 Probability of Future Events It is important to note that the range used to calculate the probability of future occurrence begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDC. Based on the historical analysis high wind events are highly likely. On average, windstorm events occur in the planning area 4 times per year. The NWS issues watches and warnings for severe thunderstorms and the lead times can vary from minutes to hours. However, the impacts of thunderstorm winds can occur with little to no warning. 9-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N[m'que I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan 9.6 VulneratyAssessment All existing and future buildings, facilities, and populations are considered to be exposed to windstorm hazards and could potentially be impacted. It is important to note that only reported thunderstorm -related events have been factored into this vulnerability assessment and that the range used to calculate annualized expected property losses begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDC.1 Expected annualized losses are presented below in Table 9.3. Table 9.3: Potential Annualized Losses (Windstorm) Jurisdiction Total Exposure' Bayou Vista $148,402,840 Annualized Expected Property Losses ""Negligible Annualized Percent Loss Ratio 0,00% Clear Lake Shores $169,233,443 "Negligible 0,000/0 Friendswood $2,372,4%647 "Negligible 0,000/0 Hitchcock $2913155,638 "Negligible 0,00% Jamaica Beach $253,449,835 "Negligible 0,00% Kemah $184,174,314 $5,455 0,00% La Marque $6%967,900 "Negligible 0,00% League City $6,285,876,473 $11,802 0,00% Santa Fe $633,2041508 $5,157 0,00% Tiki Island $3075035,208 No damages recorded 0,00% Unincorporated $197389099,508 $1,6543215 0,00% Total $13,000,049,864 $1,6843380 0,00% Source: National Climatic Data Center Note: 'Total Exposure is improved value of parcels in GalveslonCounty "Negligible is less than $5,000 The damage caused by strong winds can be extensive for site -built homes as well as manufactured homes. However, manufactured homes are far more susceptible to wind damage overall. According to National Weather Service guidance when wind gusts reach the 75-89 mph range manufactured homes may be pushed off foundations or overturned while most other homes will incur relatively minor damage to roofs, awnings, and siding and will not have the same significant structural failures (Source : NOAA Severe Weather Spotter Guidance). � It is likely that additional thunderstorm events occurred That were not reponed to the NCDC and are not accounted for in This analysis. Galveston Counlv I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsevood I Hitchcock I 94 Jamaica [leach I ICemah I La hilan�ue I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan The highest number of manufactured homes within the planning area is in the unincorporated portion of the County, followed by League City, and Santa Fe respectively. Table 9.4 lists the number of manufactured homes along with the ratio of manufactured homes as compared to the number of housing units. Table 9.4: Manufactured homes by jurisdiction Manufactured Homes Manufactured to Jurisdiction Total Housing Units Homes Housing Ratio Bayou Vista 11252 0 0 Clear Lake Shores 617 0 0 Friendswood 13,593 72 .005 Hitchcock 3,273 353 .108 Jamaica Beach 1,213 0 0 Kemah 886 0 0 La Marque 61341 182 .029 League City 33,098 435 .013 Santa Fe 51261 396 .075 Tiki Island 964 0 0 Galveston County 1 136,160 1 5,486 .040 Source: US Census ACS 2010-2014; The ACS estimate of 10 was updated to reflect the specific number obtained in local counts. The updated information is within the margin of error of+l-16 units of the ACS estimate. 9.7 Impact The impacts of windstorms are considered to be moderateI Minor injuries can be expected and are typically treatable with first aid. Damages to property can vary from minimal; shutting down critical facilities and services for 24 hours or less to significant in higher windstorm events. Source: National Weather Service ( 9-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I llitchcock I `,_� Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 10.0 Hailstorm 10.1 Description Hailstorms are a potentially damaging outgrowth of severe thunderstorms. Early in the developmental stages of a hailstorm, ice crystals form within a low-pressure front due to the rapid rising of warm air into the upper atmosphere and subsequent cooling of the air mass. Frozen droplets gradually accumulate into ice crystals until they fall as precipitation that is round or irregularly shaped masses of ice. The size of hailstones is a direct result of the size and severity of the storm. High -velocity updraft winds are required to keep hail suspended where it can grow in size. The strength of the updraft is a byproduct of heating on the earth's surface. Higher temperature A gradients above the earth's surface result in increased suspension time and hailstone size, 1U.2 LOCdtIOn April 2, 2013 hailstorm in Galveston County near Hitchcock and Santa Fe Courtesy of KHOU -Channel 11 Houston, Texas Hailstorms vary tremendously in terms of size, location, intensity, and duration but are considered frequent occurrences throughout Galveston County. It is assumed that all of the jurisdictions are uniformly exposed to hail events just as they are exposed to the thunderstorms that produce the hail events, Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 10-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 10.3 Extent The severity of hail events ranges are based on the size of hail, I and structures in the path of a hail storm. A scale showing intensity categories was developed by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) and is included in Table 10.1. Table 10.1: Hail Intensity and Magnitude Size Size iescriptive Code Intensity Category (diameter inches) Term Typical Damage HO Hard Hail up to 0.33 pea no damage H1 Potentially Damaging 0,33-0,60 marble slight damage to plants and crops H2 Potentially Damaging 0,60-0,80 dime significant damage to plants and crops H3 Severe 0,80-1,20 nickel severe damage to plants and crops H4 Severe 1.2-1.6 quarter widespread glass and auto damage H5 Destructive 1,6-2,0 half dollar widespread destruction of glass, roofs, and risk of injuries H6 Destructive 2.0-2.4 ping pong ball aircraft bodywork dented and brick walls pitted H7 Very Destructive 2.4-3.0 golf ball severe roof damage and risk of serious injuries H8 Very Destructive 3.0-3.5 hen egg severe damage to all structures H9 Super Hailstorms 3.5-4.0 tennis ball extensive structural damage could cause fatal injuries H10 Super Hailstorms 4.0 + baseball extensive structural damage could cause fatal injuries Source: NCDC I ) 10-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 41 Hazard Mitigation Plan 10.4 Historical Occurrences The NCDC database was reviewed from 1950 through June 2014. Figure 10.1 shows the aggregated historical information on hailstorms by jurisdiction. The date range in Table 10.2 begins with the first occurrence recorded in the NCDC data base. Historical evidence shows county -wide vulnerability to hail events. Typically, hail results from severe thunderstorm activity. The largest hail recorded within the planning area fell in Hitchcock on April 2, 2013, and caused an estimated 1.1 million dollars in damages. Figure 10.1: Historical Hail Events (NCDC, � 1957—June 2014) o r O Q HNchcocN ///I Legend _ wcxlruoe 0 oro Iel xw •201 as •301 Aw POWl&Ion W 61) j�W1 W -W.II% �1666�IUa IW-ISW I _limrY,p,ug NYtibe (II IS9I DIII If1U Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 10-3 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 10.2: Historical Hail Impact byJurisdicfion Jurisdiction Bayou Vista Number of Events 1 Maximum hail size (inches) 1,75 Property Damage $52000 Clear Lake Shores 0 NA $0 Friendswood 7 1,75 $500,000 Hitchcock 4 4.50 $1,1122000 Jamaica Beach 7 1,75 $613000 Kemah 1 0,75 $3,000 La Marque 1 1.75 $3,000 League City 12 2,00 $80,000 Santa Fe 7 1,75 $39,000 Village of Tiki Island 0 NA $0 Galveston County Unincorporated 30 2,75 $6,000 Total 70 2.08 (Averaged) $1,809,000 Source: National Climatic Data Center 1 10.5 Probability of Future Events Based on the historical occurrences of hailstorms for Galveston County; Bayou Vista; Clear Lake Shores; Friendswood; Hitchcock; Jamaica Beach; Kemah; La Marque; League City; Santa Fe; and Tiki Island, hail events are highly likely to occur on a yearly basis. On average an event occurs every 1.09 years. Most hailstorms occur during the spring (March, April, and May) and in the fall during the month of September. The warning time for a hailstorm is generally minimal, or there is no warning. The National Weather Service classifies a storm as severe if hail of 1 inch in diameter or greater occurs or is imminent based on observers or radar intensity. 10.6 Vulnerability Assessment All existing and future buildings, facilities, and populations are considered to be exposed to this hazard and could potentially be impacted. Unlike thunderstorm winds and tornadoes, there is no evidence to indicate any difference in the susceptibility of manufactured homes verses site built homes to hailstorms. i �' 10.4 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island et Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` Hazard Mitigation Plan It is important to note that only reported hail events with geo-referenced point data have been factored into this vulnerability assessment.' NOAA historical hail loss data was used to develop a stochastic model for averaged annualized losses (Table 10.3). Expected annualized losses were calculated through a non -linear regression of historical data. Table 10.3: Potential Annualized Losses by Jurisdiction (Hail) Bayou Vista $1481402,840 1W lip "Negligible 0,00% Clear Lake Shores $1691233,443 No damages recorded 0.00% Friendswood $23372,4503647 $8,721 0,00% Hitchcock $291J551638 $1%397 0.00% Jamaica Beach $253,449,835 "Negligible 0,00% Kemah $1841174,314 "Negligible 0,00% La Marque $616,967,900 "Negligible 0,00% League City $6,285,876,473 "Negligible 0,00% Santa Fe $6331204,508 "Negligible 0,00% Tiki Island $307,035,208 No damages recorded 0.00% Unincorporated $12738,099,508 `"Negligible 0,00% Total 1 $13,000,04%864 $31,554 0.00% Note: "total Exposure is improved value of parcels in Galveston County "Negligible is less than $5,000 10.7 Impact The severity of a hailstorm impact is considered to be limited since they generally result in injuries treatable with first aid, and less than ten percent of affected properties sustain major damage. ' It is possible that additional hail events may have occurred since 1950 that were not reported to NCDC and are not accounted for in this analysis. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsvvood I Hitchcock I 10-5 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 1 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 11.0 Lightning 11.1 Description Lightning is one of the top three storm -related killers in the United States. It is also one of the least understood weather phenomena. Below is a description of lightning and thunder as defined by NOAA:' • Lightning is a giant spark of electricity in the atmosphere or between the atmosphere and the ground. In the initial stages of development, air acts as an insulator between the positive and negative charges in the cloud and between the cloud and the ground; however, when the difference in charges become too great, the insulating capacity of the air breaks down, and there is a rapid discharge of electricity known as lightning. Lightning can occur between opposite charges within the thunderstorm cloud (Intro -Cloud Lightning) or between opposite charges in the cloud and on the ground (Cloud -To -Ground Lightning). Cloud -to -ground lightning is divided into two different types of flashes depending on the charge in the cloud where the lightning originates. • Thunder is the sound made by a flash of lightning. As lightning passes through the air, it heats the air quickly. This causes the air to expand rapidly and creates the sound wave we hear as thunder. Normally, you can hear thunder about 10 miles from a lightning strike. Since lightning can strike outward 10 or more miles from a thunderstorm, if you hear thunder, you are likely within striking distance of a storm. 11.2 Location Lightning strikes in association with thunderstorms vary in terms of size, intensity, duration, and impacts, but are considered frequent occurrences throughout Galveston County. It is assumed that all of the jurisdictions are uniformly exposed to thunderstorm events and the associated impact lightning. According to information calculated from the NOAA Severe Weather Data Inventory (SWDI), there were nearly 10,000 cloud -to -ground lightning strikes within the county between January 1986 and May 2013; this information indicates an average of 378lightning strikes per year within the county. The dispersion of lightning strikes in Galveston County is assumed to be uniform across the planning area although elevation and local topography may play a role. � http:/hvww.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/science/science-overview.shlml I ) Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I 11-1 " Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City 1 Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figures 11.1 and 11.2 depict cloud to ground lightning strikes from 2005 to 2014. Figure 11.1: Vaisafa Flash Density 2005 to 2014 ,,r . I ` ti� I Flash Density a✓My a4 aaar 0h' \\ ■ National Lightning Detection Network ; 2006. 2014�� ■ as ■e VAISALA Figure 11.2: Vaisala Sfroke Density 2005 to 2014 11-2 Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood (Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 11.3 Extent The extent for lightning can be expressed in terms of the number of strikes in an interval. NOAA utilizes lightning activity levels (LALs) on a scale from 1-6. LAL rankings reflect the frequency of cloud -to -ground lightning either forecast or observed as defined below in Table 11.1. Table 11.1: NOAA Lightning Activity Levels (LAL) DevelopmentLAL Cloud and Storm 1 No thunderstorm 0 2 Cumulus clouds are common but only a few reach the towering cumulus stage. A single thunderstorm must be confirmed in the observation area. The clouds produce 1 8 mainly virga, but light rain will occasionally reach the ground. Lightning is very infrequent. 3 Towering cumulus covers less than two -tenths of the sky. Thunderstorms are few, but two to three must occur within the observation area. Light to moderate rain will reach 9-15 the ground, and lightning is infrequent. 4 Towering cumulus covers two to three -tenths of the sky. Thunderstorms are scattered and more than three must occur within the observation area. Moderate rain is 16-25 common and lightning is frequent. 5 Towering cumulus and thunderstorms are numerous. They cover more than three - tenths and occasionally obscure the sky. Rain is moderate to heavy and lightning is >25 frequent and intense. 6 Dry lightning, similar to LAL 3 except thunderstorms are dry. The NCDC does not include the LAL for the historical lightning events included in Table 11.2. In order to determine the extent of lightning strikes, the yearly average of estimated number of lightning strikes within the county (378) and the comparison of the flash density of 4 to 8 per year and the stroke density of 12 to 24, indicates lightning strikes have a moderate frequency and will more than likely fall within the LAL range of 2 to S. Therefore, Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, League City, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island should expect the a range of 1 to 25 lightning strikes within 15 minutes at any given time. I �� Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 11-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island (, Galveston County Multi.Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 11.4 Historical Occurrences Historical evidence of lightning activity shows countywide vulnerability to lightning strikes. The NCDC database was reviewed from 1950 through June 2014; the date range below begins with the first recorded occurrence in the NCDC data base. In a review of this information, there were no fatalities or injuries recorded. This information is passively collected; the actual coverage of detected strikes in Table 11.1 shows the extensive nature of the hazard, and Table 11.2 captures the reported occurrences with associated damages. Table 11.2; Summary of Historical Events for Lightning (August 2007-June 2014J Bayou Vista 0 jamage $0 Clear Lake Shores 0 $0 Friendswood' 7 $549,500 Hitchcock 0 $0 Jamaica Beach 1 $15,000 Kemah 1 $10,000 La Marque 0 $0 League City 1 $15,000 Santa Fe 0 $0 Village of Tiki Island 0 $0 Unincorporated 1 $250,000 Total 11 $578,500 Source: NCDC Note: Data provided by Fri endswood as°lightning fires",not documented as lightning on NCDC 11.5 Probability of Future Events On average, several hundred strikes occur each year within the planning area. Based on historical occurrences of thunderstorms and associated impacts of lightning, lightning events are highly likely to occur on an annual basis. The NCDC database only records reported events that resulted in fatalities, injury, and property damage and according to these records the planning area averages 1.6 events every year. Most thunderstorms occur during the spring (March, April, and May) and in the fall during the month of September. The NWS issues watches and warnings for severe thunderstorms; however, lightning is not criteria for issuance and the lead times can vary from minutes to hours. The impacts of 11-4 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan thunderstorms can occur with little to no warning and lightning strikes can occur as far as 10-15 miles away from a thunderstorm. 11.6 Vulnerability Assessment All existing and future buildings, facilities, and populations are considered to be exposed to this hazard and could potentially be impacted. It is important to note that only reported lightning events have been factored into this vulnerability assessment and that the range used to calculate annualized expected property losses begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDU Lightning also interrupts communications and the supply of electricity to buildings and infrastructure. While no specific facilities have been identified as vulnerable to lightning, communications systems and power grids are vulnerable to disruption. Table 11.3: Potential Annualized Losses -Lightning Bayou Vista $148,402,840 IProperty Losses Loss Ratio "Negligible 0,00% Clear Lake Shores $1691233,443 "Negligible 0,00% Friendswood $21372,450,647 $79,408 0,00% Hitchcock $291,165,638 "Negligible 0,00% Jamaica Beach $253,449,835 "Negligible 0,00% Kemah $184,1743314 "Negligible 0,00% La Marque $616,967,900 "Negligible 0,00% League City $612851876,473 "Negligible 0,00% Santa Fe $633,204,508 "Negligible 0,00% Tiki Island $307,0353208 "Negligible 0.00% Unincorporated $1,73%0991508 $36,127 0,00% Total $1310001049,864 $83,598 0,00% Note: 'Total Exposure is improved value of parcels in GalveslonCounty "Negligible is less than $5,000 11.7 Impact The impact of lightning is considered to be moderate since it may result in injuries or deaths, shut down critical facilities and services for 24 hours or less, and affected properties may sustain damage and can be destroyed. � It is likely that additional thunderstorm -related events occurred that were not reported to the NCDC and are not accounted for in this analysis. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 11-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional It f Hazard Mitigation Plan 12.0 Severe Winter Weather 12.1 Description A severe winter storm event is identified as a storm with snow, ice, or freezing rain —all of which can cause significant problems for area residents. Although rare in southeast Texas, winter weather does occasionally occur. January is the month when snow, sleet, or freezing rain is most likely to be observed; yet, winter weather conditions can occur at any time during the winter and early spring months. The leading cause of death during winter storms is transportation accidents. Hypothermia and frost bite are other dangers from very cold winter temperatures. The National Weather Service (NWS) defines a winter storm as having three factors: cold air, moisture, and lift. These three factors acting together create conditions suitable for a winter storm. Below is a listing of definitions for winter weather events that could impact the planning area: • Snow Flurries -Intermittent light snowfall of short duration (generally light snow showers) with no measurable accumulation. • Snow Showersshower is a short duration of moderate snowfall. Some accumulation is possible. • Sleet -Pellets of ice composed of frozen or mostly frozen raindrops or refrozen partially melted snowflakes. • Freezing Rain -Rain that falls as a liquid but freezes into glaze upon contact with the ground. • Wind Chill -The combination of wind and temperature that serves as an estimate of how cold it actually feels to exposed human skin. Wind chill values below -19 degrees are considered dangerous. 12.2 Location Winter storms vary in location, intensity and duration but are considered rare occurrences in Galveston County and the upper Texas Gulf Coast. It is assumed all of the jurisdictions are equally susceptible to winter storm events; therefore, all areas of the county are equally affected. However, League City determined that severe winter weather is a rare event and would result in little to no discernable property damage. Therefore, severe winter weather is not recognized by League City in this plan update. Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Slwres I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 12-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' f q Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 12.3 Extent Figures 12.1 to 12.2 display scales/indices that factor the amount of snow recorded, wind (mph), estimated ice accumulations, and temperature to determine the extent of impact from severe winter weather events. The participating jurisdictions (except League City) should expect a Category One winter storm and an ice damage index range of 0 to 2. Figure 12.1: Martin Winter Storm Category Scale MARTIN WINTER STORM CATEGORY SCALE... CATEGORY SNOW WIND IMPACT ONE 6-11" 15-24 MINIMAL TWO � 12.17" � 25.38 � MODERATE 18.23" � 38.5T � MAJOR 24.29" � 58.73 � EXTENSIVE Figure 12.2: Sperry—Piltz Ice Accumulation Index The Sperry-FBts lee Ateurantation Index, a "SPIA Index" —Copyright, February, 3009 ILE •eNTaAcl:mn Ilvucx Ice .11oulrr "Aorscalrcro5n INTM N WM) a[�> " •I! lllalwYrY[ef`6werY �Ipwd r4Nl ar,Nw,: Ow..� ` r9im Ra.w Udmeml[Ntlnl. a4,tt%my Ynbreae aa4 bo.ru Iin.d. ,NrldN. >If rwl beanw,lbrrdWWrur. Snn.nd pnry 1641rvplwr 9% aK I11b 2 laltl.[ I] I. [d Mery R.Mr.ad rnr.l.eMNYw u[ W nlnoep banrden dw l.lu a.n"olnm. Wl emptlun. w11N ..err �1111bwdcr Ilan &ad r y.IDrn ri nmb Jam sl 11 n,n.r r E. ter! d["u[q lditlnvI ldaly rWe fold Wdfirl lnlempttt __LY_91__- Nbn"Ymw n.rdaw[reodbIrlN�oa 4 Ala _1A__ forcer foal .& Sao slab rauee"a ._,L`-]a_ 914-1"II.N"ncwn. G.Yxq WIW[5 lox ®" ®' rald[od<! ora.IN.[<..d based nPnry dombW.noo, orvRdvu[uo. IolaY, lempaaurcd ma NWa,Ndoaoao-taWN,.t 12-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional i Hazard Mitigation Plan Wind chill temperature is a measure of how cold the wind makes real air temperature feel to the human body, similar to the heat index for extreme heat (Figure 12.3). Since wind can dramatically accelerate heat loss from the body, a blustery 30' day would feel just as cold as a calm day with 0" temperatures. Figure 12.3: Wind Chill Chart Wind Chill Chart 1 W,.., F Countywide, Galveston County has never experienced a blizzard, but based on previous occurrences, the planning area has been subject to winter storm watches, warnings, freezing rain, sleet, snow and wind chill. Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood (Hitchcock I 12-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki island S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 12.4 Historical Occurrences The NCDC database was reviewed from 1950 through June 2014. This data was captured at a county level'and includes the jurisdictions of Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County for this analysis. During this period of time a severe ice storm occurred in 1997 and 2011, and one heavy snow fall occurred in 2004. The 1997 ice storm effected trees, powerlines and roadways. The weight of the ice caused trees and powerlines to snap and fall. Glazed roadways posed hazardous driving conditions. Schools were closed for two to three days to prevent additional traffic collisions. Over 1100 traffic accidents were reported in Southeast Texas which accounted for three deaths in 1997 and $800,000 in property damages. In 2004, snowfall totals ranged from 1-12 inches across the region. The heavier snowfall occurred over the coastal counties south of Houston because this area had more moisture in the atmosphere (being closer to the Gulf), and was also closer to the track of the upper level low. Table 13-2 depicts historical occurrences for the county. Table 13-2: Historical Winter Storms (Galveston Countywide, January 1997- June 2014) Source: National Climatic Data Center Although not recorded in the NCDC, a cold core upper level low pressure system moved across southeast Texas on December 10, 2008. An inch of snow fell on Galveston Island with generally an 12-4 Galveston County I bayou Vista 12-4 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan inch to two inches over the inland portions of county. This is the earliest accumulating snow that has affected southeast Texas and the planning area. 12.5 Probability of Future Events It is important to note that the range used to calculate the probability of future occurrence begins with the first occurrence recorded by the NCDC. Based on the historical analysis a winter storm occurs once every 7-8 years. Significant winter weather events are likely to occur in the jurisdictions of Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County equally. 12.6 Vulnerability Assessment It is important to note that only reported winter storms have been factored into this vulnerability assessment.' To estimate losses due to winter storms, NCDC historical winter storm loss data was used. The vulnerability assessment for winter storm resulted in negligible annualized property losses and percent loss ratios for each individual jurisdiction and an average annualized loss ratio of $34,782 for the county and entire planning. Most critical facilities are vulnerable to the effects of winter storms, due to potential disruption of services and transportation systems as well as possible structure failure due to heavy snow loads. 12.7 Impact Winter storms often impact large areas and cross jurisdictional boundaries. All existing and future buildings, facilities and populations are considered to be exposed to this hazard and could potentially be impacted. A heavy accumulation of ice can break power and telephone lines, television towers, and trees. Highways become hazardous to travel on, and even stepping outdoors can be extremely risky. Utility disruptions from winter storms can severely impact the delivery of services. Water pipes can freeze and crack in sub -freezing temperatures, ice can build up on power lInes and cause them to break under the weight, and ice accumulation on tree limbs can cause breakage and affect nearly power lines. These events can disrupt electric service for several days. Warning time for winter storms is generally six to twelve hours. Therefore, the impact for the county is minor. It is likely that very few buildings in the jurisdictions of Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County will be directly threatened or ' It is possible that additional winter storm events may have occurred since 1965 that were not reported to NCDC and are not accounted for in this analysis. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 12-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island �_ p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan damaged by winter storms; in addition, any building damages directly attributable to winter storms would be considered negligible equally for the purposes of this risk assessment for the jurisdictions considered at risk to severe winter weather. The potential impact of severe winter storm to people is considered minor, resulting in few, if any, injuries. However, the special needs population (children under five, the elderly, and those living below poverty level) may be more at risk to winter conditions if access to heating may be limited or unavailable and a potential for small children to be left unattended in vehicles. Table 12.3 provides a summary of special need population by jurisdiction and overall percentage of those potentially at rA by jurisdiction. Table 12.3 Special Needs Population by Jurisdiction r • r Elderlyof r65) Below Poverty Bayou Vista 1,537 33 342 229 Populat? of Population 39% Clear Lake Shores 13063 37 164 237 41% Friendswood 35,805 1,867 4J98 71001 36% Hitchcock 60691 592 957 95 25% Jamaica Beach 983 35 192 226 46% Kemah 19773 121 171 430 41% La Marque 141509 1,060 21006 62 22% Santa Fe 12,222 703 11742 238 22% Tiki Island 968 20 243 26 30% Galveston County 291,309 19,979 32,804 38,856 31% Source: US Census 2010, Summary File, U.S Census ACS 5 year estimates 2009-2013 12-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan ..- 13.0 Drought 13.1 Description Drought is a period of time without substantial rainfall that persists from one year to the next. Drought is a normal part of all climatic regions, including areas with high and low average rainfall. Drought is the consequence of anticipated natural precipitation reduction over an extended period of time, usually a season or more in length. Drought can be classified as meteorological, hydrologic, agricultural, and socioeconomic. Table 13-1 presents definitions for these different types of drought. Drought is one of the most complex of all natural hazards as it is difficult to determine their precise beginning or end. In addition, drought can lead to other hazards such as extreme heat and wildfires. Their impact on wildlife and area farming is enormous, often killing crops, grazing land, edible plants and even in severe cases, trees. A secondary hazard to drought is wildfire because dying vegetation serves as a prime ignition source. Consequently, a heat wave combined with a drought is a very dangerous situation. Table 13-1: DroughtClassiticationDefinitions The degree of dryness or departure of actual precipitation from an expected average or normal amount based on monthly, seasonal, or annual time scales. The effects of precipitation shortfalls on stream flows and reservoir, lake, and groundwater levels. Soil moisture deficiencies relative to water demands of plant life, usually crops. The effect of demands for water exceeding the supply as aresult of aweather-related supply shorffall. Source: Multi -Hazard Idengfcation and Risk Assessment: A Cornerstone of the National Mitigation Strategy, FEMA 13.2 Location Drought occurs regularly in the Texas Gulf Basin and is a normal condition. However, they can vary greatly in their intensity and duration. On average, ayear-long drought takes place somewhere in Texas once every three years and a major drought every 20 years. There is no distinct geographic boundary to drought; therefore, it can occur throughout the Galveston County area, including Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island equally. For this plan update, League City does not consider drought as a risk and therefore is not included in the analysis provided in subsections 13.5 to 13,7. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 13-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 13.3 Extent The Palmer Drought Indices are used to measure the extent of drought. The ZShort-Term Conditions Index measures short-term drought on a weekly scale. The Meteorological Drought Index attempts to measure the duration and intensity of the long-term drought -inducing circulation patterns. Long-term drought is cumulative, with the intensity of drought during the current month dependent upon the current weather patterns plus the cumulative patterns of previous months. The hydrological impacts of drought (e.g., reservoir levels, groundwater levels, etc.) take longer to develop. The Hydrological Drought Index in Table 13-2 is used to quantify the long term hydrological effects while Table 13-3 depicts magnitude of drought indices. Table 13-2: Palmer Drought Classification Indices 13-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood 1 Flitchcock I ( � � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 13-3: Palmer Droughf CategoryDescrfptions DroughtPalmer Category Description Possible Impacts Index DO Abnormally Dry Going into drought: short-term dryness slowing planting, growth of crops or -1.0 to -1.9 pastures; fire risk above average. Coming out of drought: some lingering water deficits; pastures or crops not fully recovered. D1 Moderate Some damage to crops, pastures; fire risk high; streams, reservoirs, or wells -2.0 to -2.9 Drought low, some water shortages developing or imminent, voluntary water use restrictions requested D2 Severe Drought Crop or pasture losses likely; fire risk very high; water shortages common; -3.0 to 49 water restrictions imposed D3 Extreme Major crop/pasture losses; extreme fire danger; widespread water 40 to 49 Drought shortages or restrictions D4 Exceptional Exceptional and widespread crop/pasture losses; exceptional fire risk; -6.0 or less Drought shortages of water in reservoirs, streams, and wells, creating water emergencies Source: National Drought Mitigation Center Drought is a slow -onset hazards, but over time can have damaging effects on crops, municipal water supplies, recreation, and wildlife. If drought extends over a number of years, the direct and indirect economic impact can be significant. Drought warnings are issued by the State Drought Preparedness Council, as directed by H.B. 2660, based upon input, rom NOAA, the Office of the State Climatologist, the U.S. Geological Service, the Texas Water Development Board, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, and the Texas Agricultural Statistics Service. Warnings utilize five "levels of concern" and take into account assessments of climatology, agriculture, and water availability for each of 10 climatic regions of the state. Drought is monitored nationwide by the National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC). Indicators are used to describe broad scale drought conditions across the U.S. Indicators correspond to the intensity of drought. A snapshot of the region from December 2015 is included as Figure 13-1. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I 1-litchcock I 13-3 Tamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I'fiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 13-1: NCDC: U.S. Drought Monitorindtces, December2015 U,S. Drought Monitor Texas December 1r 2015 (Releand Thursday, Dec. 3, 2016) Valid? a.m. EST OioeglaCmN'Ikhs lPerceMAredl M38 3M I al am R1371 am am Dm '"am L MHOS W55 7.35 a61 am am am ae l Woo 56.08 41.94 14.78 am I.m am S War Ca1aMa Ym XV WAS 1/.60 35.73 11,70 317 OM S at of M01a Yea U51 0.49 W37 17S5 ON Dm OOeYeerAW 3195 was 9329 U.05 am 257 Intensi . aDroromtlMDry -D3EWmvawgH Dl umvtle Drought NE�Amtl Dragl al emre rage me wawauonao: rausea onamaxaarDmiar. IaelrorNAllu rmysary. See axwrparykaleM axmery 6r pxeot NahvreNa Author: d Simeral Neslam Regional Climate Center hHp;l/drou ghtmonitoru nl.edul 13-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 13.4 Historical Occurrences Although the Galveston County area does not typically experience severe or extreme drought due to its proximity to the coast, it has been affected by key historic events. The NCDC collects drought data on a countywide level and therefore the summary of events provided below include Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island followed by a summary of damages sustained in Table 13.4. 1996 Drought From April to June of 1996, Southeast Texas, including Galveston County, experienced moderate to severe drought due to below normal precipitation that fell in the winter of 1995 to 1996. Some areas received only about 30 percent of their normal rainfall. Although exact county estimates are not available, total property damage across Southeast Texas reached $2 million with approximately $8 million in agricultural losses. 1998 Drought Galveston County experienced another period of severe drought in 1998, beginning in May and ending in August. Rainfall levels were nine inches below normal, yet the area experienced temperatures at or above 96 degrees for months. Total crop and property damages reached $8.3 million for the county. 2000 Drought High heat and dry conditions brought moderate to extreme drought to the area. Rainfall levels were down from 30 to 50 percent from their normal levels for the months of August and September. Wildfires broke out in neighboring counties, and the total crop damages for Southeast Texas were estimated at $102.3 million. 2005 Drought Texas experienced record drought from 2005 to 2006 with a shortage of rainfall that lasted from May to December. Although the Galveston area was not affected as much as counties in North and Central Texas, it did experience abnormally dry conditions and moderate drought. The statewide drought losses from this event were estimated at $4.1 billion. 2009 Drought Like the 2005 drought, this period of high heat coupled with a lack of rainfall affected the entire state. The drought began in March and did not lessen in intensity until the fall months of 2009, Galveston Counh� I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 13-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I LeagueCity ISanta Ce ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Galveston County experienced abnormally dry conditions, moderate and severe drought, with conditions improving in October of 2009. 2011 Drought This drought was the most severe one-year drought on record for the State. Most of the State, including Galveston County, experienced D-4 Extreme Drought conditions. July of 2011 was the warmest month on record statewide; coastal portions of Galveston County did see some relief with slightly lower high temperatures due to the proximity to the Gulf of Mexico. Figure13.2: Number of Days with Maximum Temperatures Equaling or Exceeding 100° in 2011 (through October 17, 2011) Note: Graphic created by Brent McRobeds, Office of the Stale Climatologist, from Applied Climate Information System data in the 2011 Texas Drought Briefing Packet. ' 13-6 Galvestai Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional till ` f q Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 13.4: Galveston Countywide Summary of Drought Events 1996 —June 2014 April 1, 1996 �•. 0 0 D. 0 Damage 0 May 1, 1996 0 7 0 0 0 June 1, 1996 0 0 0 0 May 1, 1998 0 0 0 0 June 1, 1998 0 0 0 0 July 1, 1998 0 0 0 0 August 1, 1998 0 0 $1,0000000 $7,3001000 August 1, 2000 0 0 0 0 September 1, 2000 0 0 0 $102,3001000 Total 0 0 $1,000,000 $109,600,000 Source: NCDC 13.5 Probability of Future Events Based on the historical frequency, it is likely that every 5 years the Galveston County area will experience at least one drought season with an average of 2 occurring every 6 years (1996-2014). Historical frequencies from 1895 to 1995 reveal that the entire Texas Gulf Coast Basin suffered drought conditions every 10 or 20 years and half of the basin suffered drought every five years. 13.6 Vulnerability Assessment To estimate losses due to drought, NCDC historical drought loss data for Galveston County that includes the jurisdictions of Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island was also used.' Using this method based on historical losses annualized expected crop/livestock losses were approximately $6,060,274. For this analysis, Friendswood, Hitchcock, La Marque, Santa Fe, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County are considered to have equal vulnerability for crop/livestock losses. Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and Tiki Island are not agricultural communities. Drought impacts large areas and crosses jurisdictional boundaries. When droughts occur water supplies, live -stock, and crops are significantly impacted. ' Only drought events That have been reported have been factored into this vulnerability assessment. It is possible that additional drought events may have occurred since 1950 that were not reported to NCDC and are nolaccountedforinlhisanalysis. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 13-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Due to water restrictions and the drop in the water table crop losses are sometimes difficult to avoid. However, a significant water reservoir, fed by the San Jacinto River and located within the county, services the planning area. The reservoir storage capacity is approximately 7,360 acre feet and it is owned by the Gulf Coast Water Authority. This reservoir is the potable water source for the majority of the participating jurisdictions. Friendswood purchases their water from the City of Houston which is drawn from additional sources 13.71mpact The potential severity of impact of drought is substantial, especially taking into consideration the economic losses and interruption in water supplies that may result. If a drought extends over a number of years, the direct and indirect economic impact can be significant as they produce a complex web of impacts that spans many sectors of the economy and reach well beyond the area experiencing physical drought. This complexity exists because water is integral to our ability to produce goods and provide services. Based on the nine reported previous occurrences (1996 to 2000) and potential exposure for the drought, the potential severity of impacts of drought is limited with less than 10 percent of property destroyed. The average annualized loss over the 64-year period (1950 to 2014) for each participating jurisdiction is $44,615. Property losses could equally impact the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Friendswood, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, La Marque, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island. 13-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 14.0 Tsunami 14.1 Description Tsunamis events can cause significant damage, injuries, and loss of life. The word tsunami is Japanese and means "harbor wave." A tsunami is a series of ocean waves generated by the sudden displacement of sea water most often caused by movement of the sea floor, landslides, or volcanic activity. Tsunami waves propagate outward from the area of the disturbance and can originate hundreds or even thousands of miles away from affected coastal areas. In the open ocean, tsunami waves travel at speeds of up to 600 miles per hour but are hidden in the deep water the wave travels in. The time between wave crests may range from five to 90 minutes. As the tsunami wave approaches shallow coastal waters, the wave slows down. The wave height becomes noticeable once it moves into shallower water. Waves can, without warning, rise to several feet or, in rare cases, tens of feet. Although the waves slow down as they enter shallow water, it is a negligible amount considering a 100-foot wave has been traveling at 600 miles per hour across the open ocean. In some extreme cases, a tsunami can throw several 100-foot tall waves onto the shore. The waves will come in sets. The How Tsunamis Work: Tsunamigenesis Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 14-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City i Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 14.2 Location Galveston County is not at a high risk from tsunami due to the local rarity of the geologic events that most often generate these dangerous waves. However, according to the "Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico: US Geological Survey Administrative Report (2009)", there is sufficient evidence to consider submarine landslides in the Gulf of Mexico as a present-day tsunami hazard, as there are clear observations of large landslides along the continental margin of the Gulf. In this study hydrodynamic modeling of potential maximum tsunamis from landslide sources were conducted for the East Breaks (EB) slide (south Texas) and for hypothetical slides along the Florida/Campeche margin. Wave propagation yielded potential maximum tsunami run-up of approximately 4 meters or 13 feet (relative to mean sea level). Based on this information, Galveston County, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and Tiki Island are considered at risk from a tsunami event. Figure 14.1: USGS Geological Provinces in the Gulf of Mexico —Galveston County Planning Area Source: Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gug of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Administration Report (2009) Note: Landslide deposits are shaded in red i t 14-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista t Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach 1 Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan Primary impacts of a tsunami event would occur along the beachfront and island communities of the county, including Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, and Kemah. The area of impact would likely be similar in coverage to a hurricane storm surge, affecting coastal areas. For planning purposes, NOAA suggests a 300-foot evacuation area. Firdure14.2: Risk Areas Source: NOAA 14.3 Extent The severity of a tsunami depends on the amount of energy that propagates the wave, velocity of that wave, basin shape, population density, structures present, and warningtime. A modified Tsunami Intensity Scale was developed in 2001 by Gerassimos Papadopoulos and Fumihiko Imamura as is shown in Table 14.1. This 12-point scale of tsunami intensity is meant to correspond to current earthquake intensity scales and is arranged according to a tsunami's effects on: a) humans; b) objects including boats; and c) damage to buildings. Taking note of the rare historical occurrences and the remote possibility for future events, Galveston County, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and Tiki Island could expect a potential tsunami event from a Level I to a Level X on the Tsunami Intensity scale. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 14-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 14.1: Tsunami Intensity Scale I DescriptionLevel I Not Felt II Scarcely Felt a. Felt by few people onboard small vessels. Not observed on the coast. b. No effect. c. No damage. III Weak a. Felt by most people on board small vessels. Observed by a few people on the coast. b. No effect. c. No damage. IV Largely Observed a. Felt by all onboard small vessels and by few people onboard large vessels. Observedby most people on the coast. b. Few small vessels move slightly onshore. c. No damage. V Strong (wave height 1 meter) a. Felt by all onboard large vessels and observed by all on the coast. Few people are frightened and run to higherground. b. Many small vessels move strongly onshore, few of them crash into each otheror overturn. Traces of sand layer are left behind on ground with favorablecircumstances. Limited flooding of cultivated land. c. Limited flooding of outdoor facilities (such as gardens) of near -shore structures. VI Slightly damaging (2 m) a. Many people are frightened and run to higher ground. b. Most small vessels move violently onshore, crash strongly into each other, or overturn. c. Damage and flooding in a few wooden structures. Most masonry buildings withstand. VII Damaging (4 m) a. Many people are frightened and try to run to higher ground. b. Many small vessels damaged. Few large vessels oscillate violently. Objects of variable size and stability overturn and drift. Sand layer and accumulations of pebbles are left behind. Few aquaculture rafts washed away. c. Many wooden structures damaged, few are demolished or washed away. Damage of grade 1 and flooding in a few masonry buildings. VIII Heavily damaging (4 m) a. All people escape to higher ground; a few are washed away. b. Most of the small vessels are damaged; many are washed away. Few large vessels are moved ashore or crash into each other. Big objects are drifted away. Erosion and littering of the beach. Extensive flooding. Slight damage in tsunami -control forests and stop drifts. Many aquacullure rafts washed away, few partially damaged. c. Most wooden structures are washed away or demolished. Damage of grade 2 in a few masonry buildings. Most reinforced -concrete buildings sustain damage, in a few damage of grade 1 and flooding is observed. � 14-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsvvood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictionalowl a Hazard Mitigation Plan Description IX Destructive (8 m) a. Many people are washed away. b. Most small vessels are destroyed or washed away. Many large vessels are moved violently ashore, few are destroyed. Extensive erosion and littering of the beach. Local ground subsidence. Partial destruction in tsunami -control forests and stop drifts. Most aquaculture rafts washed away, many partially damaged. c. Damage of grade 3 in many masonry buildings, few reinforced -concrete buildingssuffer from damage grade 2. X Very destructive (8 m) a. General panic. Most people are washed away. b. Most large vessels are moved violently ashore, many are destroyed or collidewith buildings. Small boulders from the sea bottom are moved inland. Cars overturned and drifted. Oil spills, fires start. Extensive ground subsidence. c. Damage of grade 4 in many masonry buildings, few reinforced -concrete buildingssuffer from damage grade 3. Artificial embankments collapse, port breakwaters damaged. XI Devastating(16m) b. Lifelines interrupted. Extensive fires. Water backwash drifts cars and other objects into the sea. Big boulders from sea bottom are moved inland. c. Damage of grade 5 in many masonry buildings. Few reinforced -concrete buildingssuffer from damage grade 4, many suffer from damage grade 3. XII Completely devastating (32 m) Practically all masonry buildings demolished. Most reinforced -concrete buildingssuffer from at least damage grade 3. 14.4 Historical Occurrences According to the NCDC, a "definite' tsunami impacted Galveston, Texas, on October 24, 1918 around 3:45 a.m. The tsunami was generated by an earthquake that occurred in Puerto Rico. The observed wave run-up height was undetermined according to NOAA. A "questionable' tsunami impacted the same area on May 2,1922 around 8:25 p.m. The cause for both events is believed to be earthquake activity originating near Puerto Rico, Galveston County is over 1,800 miles from the source of both events. There is no information available for either event concerning deaths, injuries or damages. The data provided by NCDC is on a countywide level, therefore the historical occurrences referenced include Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County. Figure 14.3 displays the historical seismicity data for the Gulf of Mexico 1970 to 2009. Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 14-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Piz Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 20' Figure 14.3: Gulf of Mexico Seismicity USGS NEIC catalog: 1970-present; d <= 35 km km Harvard CMT focal mechanisms • M>4.5 954 90' 0 856 Soo 806 20' 95' 90' 85' 80' Source: Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Administration Reporl (2009) 14.5 Probability of Future Events An analysis of historical data indicates a very low risk for future occurrences of a tsunami for the Galveston County area. The probability of the future occurrence of a Tsunami is unlikely, with the last definite occurrence in 1918 nearly 100 years ago. 14-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 14.6 VulnerabilityAssessment The coastal areas of the county are those at greatest risk. Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and Tiki Island and Galveston County are considered at risk. Tsunamis can cause great loss of life and property damage where they come ashore, and most deaths are the result of drowning. Associated risks include water pollution, damaged gas lines, and flooding. If an intense tsunami of a Level X were to strike the area, wooden structures in the path of waves and those with pier -and- beam foundations could be destroyed. Waves can wash ships and shipping containers ashore, which become floating debris, causing extensive external damage. Critical infrastructure and commercial properties within the inundation area for a tsunami area would suffer major damage, with shutdowns for at least two weeks as critical infrastructure consists of low-rise, reinforced concrete buildings. It is expected that while the contents and non -structure components could be destroyed during an intense, Level X event, the outside structures for critical facilities and commercial properties could suffer major damage. Scientific analysis of the tsunami threat is ongoing and modeling of local impacts maybe forthcoming. However, for the purpose of this study, an analysis based on the evacuation area plus high tide was conducted (300ft plus 22 ft.). There were no critical facilities identified in the vulnerable area. Using a tidal surge buffer of 322 ft from the mapped shoreline, the following estimates shown in Table 14.2 were gathered to reflect the estimated number of parcels that could be impacted for Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and the Unincorporated areas of Galveston County. Table 14.2 Tidal Buffer Parcel Information Count: 127 59 141 2 Maximum: $919,090 $949,210 $1,474,440 $26,180 Sum: $5,920,940 $8,227,181 $33,087,340 $26,180 Mean: $46,622 $139,444 $234,662 $13,090 Tidal surge damage was not estimated for Tiki Island. The majority of homes and buildings are constructed along aman-made coastline. The total value of all 1,254 parcels, including two critical facilities, in the village is approximately $307 million. Figure 14.4 provides an overview of Tiki Island, Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood i Hitchcock I 14-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island 041 14.7 Impact Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 14,4 Village o(Tiki Island Even though the probability of a tsunami is low, the severity could be substantial. Records are unavailable to indicate the impact of the two suspected tsunamis for the area. However, several factors have changed since those events. The county and Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and Tiki Island adhere to higher standards for building codes and the population density has increased substantially. However, it's expected that the impact on structures within the tidal surge buffer for Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, and the county would not be as devastating as the potential loss of life. Although Tiki Island is located outside the 300 ft. plus 22 ft. buffer, the Island could receive some damage to structures and potential loss of life. I 1 14-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 15.0 Wildland Fire (Urban and Rural) 15.1 Description Wildland fire is defined as any fire burning wildland vegetation -fuels; it includes prescribed fire, wildland fire use, and wildfire. Prescribed fires are planned fires started by land managers to accomplish specific natural resource objectives. Fires that occur from natural causes, such as lightning, that are then used to achieve management purposes under carefully controlled conditions with minimal suppression costs are known as wildland fire use (WFU). Wildfires are unwanted and unplanned fires that result from natural ignition, unauthorized human - caused fire, escaped WFU, or escaped prescribed fire. A wildland-urban interface (WUI) fire is a wildfire occurring in the wildland urban interface. The WUI is described as the area where structures and other human improvements meet and intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels. Population growth within the WUI substantially increases the risk from wildfire. Prescribed burning, also known as controlled burning, is the deliberate use of fire under specified and controlled conditions. Prescribed burning is used by forest management professionals and individual landowners to accomplish one or more of the following tasks: • Fuel Reduction —The reduction of accumulated grass, weeds, pine needles, and hardwood leaves. This type of vegetation can encourage wildfires in young stands and hinder regeneration of older stands. • Hardwood Control -Prevents hardwood trees from competing with pines for nutrients and moisture; impeding visibility and access through the stands; and interfering with natural regeneration in areas better suited for growing pines. The wildland interface problem has grown due to increases in population, urban expansion, land - management decisions, parks, greenbelts and the ever-present desire to intermingle with nature. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque 1 League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f p - Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 15.2 Location GIS data depicting historic wildfires and the wildland-urban interface from the Texas Forrest Service has been used to highlight areas of concern in the participating jurisdictions. Figure 15.1 graphically illustrates the wildfire hazard areas and provides an indication of where there is potential for damage to property and loss of life in the Galveston County study region. For this plan update, the jurisdictions of the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Kemah, La Marque, and Santa Fe consider Wildland fire a potential risk. Figure 15.1: Wildland Urban Interface (WUIJ Areas and Reported Historic Fires Harris Chambers County County a t n�' 2 tp6ytOn ,: v , KeM Bay-- ._- �Q Ur WE 5 ante R - a qua - 25 5 10 .. �� — Miles Y Bays • .__ MstaTilf e k Reported Historic Fires 1136 Sites) Hitchcock Isis ildland Urban Interface .y r Brazoria class ounty `� r Less than 1 house/40 acres / / 1 house/40 acres to 1 house/20 acres' 1 house/20 acres to i house/10 acres: '.� 1 house/10 acres to 1 house/5 acres a� Gutt pf o : 1 house/5 acres to 1 house/2 acres MeX c - i house/2 acres to 3 houses/acre Greater than 3 houses/acre 15-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figures 15.2 to 15.8 depicts the Wildland Urban Interface as identified by the Texas A&M Wildfire Risk Assessment tool. The jurisdictional boundaries are shown by a dark line on each of the figures presented. Figure 15.2: Galveston County Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Areas and Reported Historic Fire mlm.�a umeo Ime"al� tWuO ena n�Port� H 'r _ .. Wildland Urban interface (WUn 1 • LT 1 hs/40 ac 2 -1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 -1 hs/20 to I hs/10 ac 4 . I hs/30 to I hs/S ac 5 - 1 hs/5 to 1 hs/2 ac � 6. 1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac �7-GT3hs/ac a°a°" Qns°� Texas Wil�re Rlsk Assessment 2070 ...A._ TEXA$ A&M tatazotecas cm Forzesrseavtce uXKaM as.�ar5arl]�a:UN �:±5. x11tntt eLL ue]n�r;q.leJ Mutl�g(NrcrA ll:ntY!ni xry:rF4]'e1n'1.4i mnxA!fuMblGyctM _u?a a�.vCa^.r Furuse In ro r.x'I w4 foesl^vr�xNam'e to Ywob.'rYVIIO{:ftY for anYNxl VNe±V�rfa'. �ee9]`-'yL FttW nt.�'F'�y GT Rs orlatk: rzwN?iomas]wen -]aCP.xse�a Source: Texas A&M htto'IAvww.lexaswildfiredsk.com Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 'r f A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.3: Bayou Visfa Wildland Urban Interlace (WUIJ Areas and Reported Historic Fire Bayou Vista MUM Urban IMWU (WUQ awl Reported His Mire IL ft, Report Create3 Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment 2010 TEXAS A&M 10110R01a 4.14 PM w ..f xasvnU) mk.mm FOREST SERVICE ilti esY assvnss av arYs naa re[-dtauT[ir use Ulle Teas Yr�@.225l Asse -sG errcz pt6ve �;vr:0e /dN.fpxH3vlce rnft st rY���mewn:n�rtr rtre tress:urapana+.r PeP'c�in In ro e,crt.,0 a aro aurama dry a�aa-aarmiras, �+eary e+vreuca vanpkt rcrr 9N^-Na latl mpte�a-a�a jwfh a xiU itte#Ci:x�nAYto)wo��ar'I vueparrytn �Y ms..ti vaxS trc6l�, mraeaue-5v, spegd eaerRZY Tsui FN[rzeotr9tom arts ue nmr->,caaazce ail Wildland Urban Interface (WUl) ❑1-Ulhs/40 ac ® 2 - 1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 -1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac 0 4 - 1 hs/10 to 1 hs/5 ac �5-1h5/5lo1hs/2ac 6 -1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac �7-GT3hs/ac 15-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock. I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.4: Clear Lake Shores Wildland Urban Interface (WUIJ Areas and Reported Historic Fire Clear Lake Shores vamiaaa Um imeaaoe M'w0 aaa Repalea Hisbric Fire _,. 10 w�rv, 1. Ile IM Repml Created Texas Wildfire Rlsk Assessment 2010 TEXAS A&M 1 W IM0184:11 PM pxasaiMfireBkrnm FOREST SERVICE rw urzraM.recnK a+�e ru 4Ew Mr i.v aae nas*nvanr wu.,cszsuTal ra&`t&repa+areaasr.,capwr;mmT-�s mu TE.�N ,.rmcespowr4 e.se asa a•m�aa6ny d aaas .Amtff mw a gloo-c �-a r Mpg.=amp r numre rasp wwk aA.a as Te UM saeM f.Wce N and W)w wa wd parywr x�y nrEe,vMnY lr.:axm orxW`-*"-L. rpxu'. a etcTpurr m�s a lei Gryl rzsn "Mar7ue umwre aerse aan Wildland Urban Interface (WUl) ❑1•Ulhs/40ac 2 - 1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 • 1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac 0 4 - 1 hs/10 to I hs/S ac 5 •1 hs/5 to 1 hs/2 ac 6 -1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac 7 - GT 3 hs/ac Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.5: Hitchcock Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Areas and Reported Historic Fire Hitchcock WMand UNw Interface (WUI) and Reported Hisidda Flre 1, dd H�F kJA Al t19ct �.1IL�!_,�s, a n y F d a f 1 IIII% all tF ... 4I,r- Un wJIM Report Created: Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment 2010 TEXAS A&M Id102o1a 4:18 PM ewr.teaasviMfireriskcam FOREST SERVICE Tae usxaswnx vm'efareu'wbow�sz ame Teas WFare autissessrt-rt re" --ma Fivr:lzl«onrcE pwars acmmsse aaz ianc naRFr�rt :xmce larg mere asa�rryrd�aarenaxs, anemv a¢.awwur�paeq ircaw•gpawnwrcal �!'acxarrarsaarrmP.msMu �ioPmaay r�i4si eam ;avicex edemyre «mayuva paryruar area, na,«�-wert'y, rpxW«a�ryvi ¢imtges«Iostpanre iae uiraxeuiw�wa Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) 01- LT 1 hs/40 ac ® 2 -1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 -1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac 4 • 1 hs/10 to 1 hs/5 ac 5 -1 hs/5 to 1 hs/2 ac 6.1 II to 3 hs/ac 7 - GT 3 hs/ac 15-6 Gahreston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional �_ p Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.6: Kemah Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Areas and Reported Historic Fire Kemah Wldan Urban Inledace(WUI) an Rep ded Hisbnc Fm 14 .1 � :j ,�a f �;i• 1 ' LA — rc Rep n caa`e°- Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment 2010 TEXAS A&M 1INIM016 4:19 RAM rousT SPRVIc L u,�aumer u<anver�wra�re�u.a�a.�a aae, ar P.as�o �mpowcceomawie a>ti rac�uu raeucenaxa wa,w5n�ae Fmuvw Eri-aciYsa ary a�a arma+'e[,•M1eV2r emreue]o'sRkalncWrg (yAcw IbNYVnf ary lnp,eE' �Urne�'1vrRa0Ry IAresabaps0ala gepne In �o ertil'aE v.LLYFo2p Lurx [e liaPlaW lw n:o ay nN PadY roi aiYa LNtlretl.VC<•+i¢Y, m'upWv9.WXIa1 EznPaary a'n'VF IaUpan resucnolomart/ue ormaysa tY Vase da3 Wildland Urban interface (WUl) ❑ 1 • LT 1 hs/40 ac 2 - 1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 -1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac Q 4 •1 hs/10 to 1 hs/5 ac �5-ihs/5 to I hs/2 ac 6 -1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac �7•GT ihs/ac Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I FriendsSvood I Hitchcock I 15-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.7: La Marque Wildland Urban Interlace (WUI) Areas and Reported Historic Fire YaMand Urban IMMace (WUI) auftl RepMtetl Hisbric Fre FF 1 �f •.......)IF nFtV� - Ar IF F tij I•, IF Fill.. Ti$L' ReP°" cre"i:FiJt Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment 2010 wi&iiw TEXAS A&!vl 11V1a2a194:ta PM ,�,a,k����� FOREST SERVICE �nue ue ea-e nsl wear. maruvnue Tensmrn nor uca l3u Vru pt<Vr4 MFWs cnnr;e aaamee axe Ttr MMFFs kpm.WMt!IM aara wu-anacnaa,s and earrIF3110 dl 19 ?cseaa+sxa wam9i Ymn rmva,Uap•rrOFF" lea•aaranfes aaemanv3h orymmessnv apav�wp.pose.e:.,..._,... Wildland Urban Interface (WUl) Q1•LTShs/40 ac ® 2.1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 -1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac 0 4 . 1 hs/10 to I hs/5 ac �5-1hs/5 to 1hs/2 at 6 -1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac �7-GT3hs/ac 15-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 15.8: Santa Fe WJldland Urban Interface (WUI) Areas and Reported Historic Fire Santa Fe N Sm Urban InleFfece(WUI) iiM Repelled HizMi¢F T. i dA f ie Repnrt CreaWt Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment 2010 TEXAS A&M IW1 WP0tO 41a PM aw•r leuseitlhef'skcom rORM SERVICE Ve Teaaf BYI•]Bree n.zlfss:c[:rtst aV t."a �! Fa-�'sF�] s OT'.e] puv: s R« l2:= 6Na Terms ABM Forert.^,2rAce'a Pa' ur•l :",_.2 Wa CSX4rz eaa_aa arras .Areff a pre Q:nF�,t v,. mgreMrarmcv:�l:. rp r] ser Fe.uer:�uryu � m a p..tl�:ap In .0 ASV Fo StC UWu-to Imotorma •.nrapary W any aFa¢. n¢ XuW, ..mum. TwvN .�+yuy mks a iut lca pgrq mm ar ue amm atr sx= Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) �1•LTlhs/40 ac 2 - 1 hs/40 to 1 hs/20 ac 3 - 1 hs/20 to 1 hs/10 ac 4 • I hs/10 to 1 hs/S ac 5 - 1 hs/5 to i hs/2 ac 6 -1 hs/2 to 3 hs/ac �7-GT3hs/ac Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Ntarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 15.3 Extent Fire risk is measured in terms of magnitude and intensity using the Keetch-Byrom Drought Index (KBDI), a mathematical system for relating current and recent weather conditions to potential or expected fire behavior. The KBDI determines forest fire potential based on a water balance, where a drought factor is balanced with precipitation and soil moisture (assumed to have a maximum storage capacity of 8 inches) and is expressed in hundredths of an inch of soil moisture depletion. Figure 15.9 represents a current KBDI for the state of Texas with the drought index noted to correspond with the index range as shown in the legend. The drought index ranges from 0 to 800, where a drought index of 0 represents no moisture depletion, and an index of 800 represents absolutely dry conditions. Galveston County is within the 400— 500 range. Table 15.1 provides the fire behavior categories for the four levels defined. Figure 15.9: KBDI for the State of Texas (Galveston County Highlighted), 2016 EsOmafor 1011212012016 Itad vawe — - GaMeslon M-30 Q 3N.6W - IC0�000 15-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island le Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` � p Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 15.1: Keetch-Byram Drought Index Values for Drought and Fire Potential :�Drought and Fire Potential Information 0 — 200 Soil moisture and large class fuel moistures are high and do not contribute much to fire intensity. Typical of spring dormant season following winter precipitation. 200 —400 Typical of late spring, early growing season. Lower litter and duff layers are drying and beginning to contribute to fire intensity 400 — 600 Typical of late summer, early fall. Lower litter and duff layers contribute to fire intensity and will burn actively. Often associated with more severe drought with increased wildfire occurrence. Intense, deep- 600 — 800 burning fires with significant downwind spotting can be expected. Live fuels can also be expected to bum actively at these levels. The jurisdictions at risk to potential wildland fires within the Galveston County planning area can expect a wildfire event that is in the range of 0 to 600 KBDI based on the amount of previous occurrences, the proximity to the Texas Gulf Coast and the amount of urban interface. 15.4 Historical Occurrences Information gathered from the Wildfire data for the historic fires which were reported are provided as a summary in figure 15.10 with details (location, date, acres burned, and cause) in Table 15.2. This data was carried over from the 2011-2016 Galveston County Hazard Mitigation Plan, Figure 15.10: Summary of Galveston County Wildland Fires 2005-2009 =V: 31 30 25 25 _............. ...........,...,. ........,.,........... 20 16 15 10 g 5 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 15.2: Historical Wildfire Events Responder Name FWS Start Date 10117/2009 Fire Name No High Island Fire i I : 1 6 0.5 Miscellaneous 9/4/2008 Wf Two X Levee 2 5 Miscellaneous 9/412008 Wf Two X Levee 15 Miscellaneous 914/2008 Two X Levee 4 2 Miscellaneous 91412008 Two X Levee 3 6 Miscellaneous 8/31/2008 No High Island North 08 2 Miscellaneous 7/1312008 Wf High Island Se 667 Miscellaneous 3/212008 No Cade Estate Central 1 Miscellaneous 2/2712008 Wf Flow Line 0.7 Miscellaneous 12/21/2007 Wf Cade Estate Small Ring Levee 25 Miscellaneous 12/21/2007 Wf Cade Estate Cattle Pens 25 Miscellaneous 12/5/2007 Wf Cade Estate West 100 Miscellaneous 11/11/2007 No N. Ring Levee 11 Miscellaneous 1116/2007 No Sulfur Fire 2.6 Miscellaneous 12/16/2006 No E. High Island Battery Tank 1.6 Miscellaneous 10/1512005 No Cade Estate 2 Miscellaneous 7/20/2005 No Cattle Pen 19.2 Lightning 511712005 Giww Bridge Fa 5 Miscellaneous High Island VFD 5/4/2009 Wildland fire 2 Incendiary 4/812009 Wildland fire 20 Incendiary 4/212009 Wildland fire 25 Incendiary 412/2009 Wildland fire 1 Incendiary 2/21/2009 Wildland fire 20 Debris burning 12/28/2008 Wildland Fire 100 Incendiary 12/1112008 Wildland Fire 3 Incendiary 1216/2008 Brush fire 0.5 Debris burning 11129/2008 Brush fire 0.5 Debris burning 11114/2008 Wildland fire 50 Debris burning 11/212008 Wildland fire 25 Incendiary 10/2012008 Wildland fire 4 Debris burning 914/2008 Wildland fire 200 Incendiary 8/312008 Wildland fire 100 Incendiary 8/212008 Wildland fire 2 Campfire 8/2/2008 Wildland fire 20 Incendiary 15-12 Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Responder Name High Island VFD Start Date 7126/2008 Fire Name Brush fire 0.5 Debris burning 7/2012008 Wildland fire 1 )0 Incendiary 7/14/2008 Wildland fire 10 Incendiary 7/13/2008 Wildland fire 2 Incendiary 7/5/2008 Wildland fire 20 Incendiary 4/28/2008 Grass fire 0.5 Debris burning 4/17/2008 Wildland fire 5 Incendiary Wildland fire 10 Incendiary Wildland fire 0.5 Campfire Wildland fire 0.5 Debris burning P Wildland fire 5 Incendiary Wildland fire 0.5 Campfire Wildland fire 3 Incendiary 3/15/2008 Wildland fire 25 Incendiary 3/2/2008 Wildland fire 4 Incendiary 2/6/2008 Wildland fire 15 Incendiary 1/13/2008 Wildland fire 2 Debris burning 12/21/2007 Wildland Fire 60 Incendiary 12/20/2007 Wildland Fire 50 Incendiary 11/12/2007 Wildland Fire 1 Debris burning 1119/2007 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary 11/4/2007 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 10/29/2007 Wildland Fire 25 Incendiary 10/2712007 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 10/26/2007 Wildland Fire 5 Incendiary 10/23/2007 Wildland Fire 1 Campfire 10/23/2007 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary 8127/2007 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 8/27/2007 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary 8116/2007 Wildland Fire 0.5 Incendiary 7/29/2007 Wildland Fire 60 Debris burning 6128/2007 Wildland Fire 100 Incendiary 5/24/2007 Wildland Fire 100 Incendiary 5/24/2007 Wildland Fire 50 Incendiary 5/17/2007 Wildland Fire 25 Incendiary 5/16/2007 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 1543 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ! ' 41iab it Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan High Island VFD 5/1412007 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 4/1612007 Wildland Fire 10 Debris burning 3/30/2007 Wildland Fire 1 Campfire 3/15/2007 Wildland Fire 0.5 Incendiary 2/26/2007 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 2/1812007 Wildland Fire 1 Debris burning 2113/2007 Wildland Fire 0.5 Campfire 12131/2006 Wildland Fire 0.5 Incendiary 12/31/2006 Wildland Fire 2 Incendiary 1111812006 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary 912112006 Grass Fire 0.05 Equipment use 9/14/2006 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 916I2006 Wildland Fire 25 Incendiary 9/412006 Wildland Fire 20 Incendiary 9/312006 Wildland Fire 1 Campfire 911/2006 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 8/26/2006 Wildland Fire 10 Lightning 8/3/2006 Wildland Fire 5 Debris burning 7125/2006 Wildland Fire 10 Incendiary 712512006 Wildland Fire 5 Incendiary 6/7/2006 Wildland Fire 15 Incendiary 4/2712006 Wildland Fire 2 Incendiary 4120/2006 Wildland fire 10 Debris burning 4/1612006 Wildland fire 2 Campfire 3/11/200 Wildland fire 2 Incendiary 3/6/2006 wildland fire 5 Debris burning 3/412006 Wildland fire 10 Incendiary 314/2006 wildland fire 30 Incendiary 312/2006 Wildland fire 10 Incendiary 2/2612006 Wildland fire 20 Incendiary 1/31/2006 Wildland fire 25 Incendiary 10/20/2005 Grass Fire 2 Debris burning 8130/200 Marsh fire 50 Incendiary 8122/2005 Grass Fire 10 Equipment use 8/8/2005 Grass Fire 2 Equipment use 7/612005 Grass Fire 1 Incendiary 15-14 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan The Texas Fire Incident Reporting System (TEXFIRS) captures fire incident reports voluntarily provided by fire departments within the planning area and is presented in Table 15.3. Clear Lake Shores receives fire protection from Kemah and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County are provided by High Island, Port Bolivar, and Bacliff. The numbers reported for these jurisdictions is inclusive. Table 15,3: Types of Fires from 20104015 by Jurisdiction FIMMM Tiki Island F& R 3 7 6 • 2 • 2 • 0 0 20 Jamaica Beach FD 14 1 15 23 14 1 2 68 Clear Lake Shores/Kemah FD 15 23 13 6 10 15 0 82 Bayou Vista FD 12 11 17 16 5 1 2 62 Friendswood FD 105 42 68 79 22 5 3 324 Hitchcock VFD 81 31 42 59 4 1 0 218 Santa Fe F& R 29 9 51 29 8 5 0 131 La Marque FD 97 69 40 73 12 12 1 303 League City FD 206 119 113 170 27 0 2 637 High Island VFD (Unincorp) 8 2 45 17 2 2 0 76 Port Bolivar VFD (Unincorp.) 8 2 18 1 24 1 3 10PoEF, 65 Bacliff FD (Unincorp.) 24 11 17 30 7 1302 Source: TEXFIRS (2010-2015) Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-15 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La bfarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 15.5 Probability of Future Events Climatic conditions such as severe freezes and drought can significantly increase the probability of wildland fires since these conditions kill vegetation, creating a prime fuel source for these types of fires. The intensity of fires and the rate at which they spread are directly related to wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. The threat of wildland fire changes with the season, but overall, the probability of future occurrence of a wildland fire is likely within in the next 4-5years. 15.6 Vulnerability Assessment Table 15.4 provides information on the number of persons potentially exposed to the wildfire hazard based upon mapped wildfire hazard areas previously shown, along with the estimated number of buildings at risk and total exposure for at -risk buildings. Table 15.4: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction MFLIRMI Jurisdiction Bayou Vista 19537 1,324 $22571540990 1,465 232 $36,501,220 Clear Lake Shores 19069 13051 $243,4481194 313 192 $78,8lillsW Friendswood 26,364 10,853 $3,085,164,965 22,686 6,652 $13964,292,327 Hitchcock 61961 61337 $4601075,283 6,906 5,009 $335,741,794 Jamaica Beach 983 11590 $338,227,637 955 1,420 $277127%567 Kemah 2,906 1,221 $294,986,165 2,604 718 $171,765,945 La Marque 14,543 83972 $827,263,553 5,284 21980 $401,180,580 League City 82,353 35,762 $8,164,064,546 58,404 163296 $41184,9141187 Santa Fe 129814 61457 $845,974,919 9,167 4,094 $548,588,359 Tiki Island 966 11254 $445,4023231 29 6 $1,108,760 Galveston County 40,244 34,756 $2,931,1093729 31,014 22,280 $1,926,155,791 Unincorporated Total 190,740 109,577 $17,8609872,212 138,827 5%879 $9,926,416,971 15-16 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 15.7 Impact Wildland fires are more likely to occur during periods of high wind and low humidity; warning time is minimal to none. Due to the humid climate of the Galveston County planning area, the amount of previous occurrences and the potential property at risk, the impact of an event would be minor with few injuries and less than 10 percent of property affected, damaged or destroyed. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 15-17 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan .-- 16.0 Coastal Erosion and Retreat 16.1 Description As defined by NOAA, coastal erosion is a process whereby large storms, flooding, strong wave action, sea level rise, and human activities, such as inappropriate land use, alterations, and shore protection structures, erodes the beaches and bluffs along the U.S. ocean coasts. Erosion undermines and often destroys homes, businesses, and public infrastructure and can have long- term economic and social consequences. Figure 16.1 provides a graphic representation of the coastal erosion process. Contributing processes to coastal erosion include tides, relative sea -level rise, subsidence, tropical and non -tropical low pressure centers. Model projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict that global sea level rise will continue at an increase of as much as one meter during the next 100 years. Sea level rise measured by Texas Coastal Ocean Observation Network tide gauges in the Galveston area measured a current rise of about six millimeters per year. At this current rate of rise, local sea levels in the Galveston County area can be projected to be 0.6 meters (approximately two feet) by the year 2100. I �r A small rise in sea level can result in a significant shoreline retreat and an increased risk of inundation of wetlands, marshes, private property, and public infrastructure. Relative sea level rise increases the vulnerability of barrier islands and peninsulas to inundation from storm surge, wind driven waves, and tides from non -tropical weather systems. 16.1: Coastal Erosion Process Figure Source: hltp:IMww.consciencecu.ne Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 16-1 Jamaica [0each I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 16.2 Location Coastal erosion applies to the jurisdictions in Galveston County that border the Gulf or tidal waterway. These include Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, 16.3 Extent Galveston County has approximately 55 miles of Gulf shoreline and 291 miles of Bay shoreline. As shown in Figure 16.2. the jurisdictions located on the Gulf of Mexico have experienced substantial land loss along the shoreline. According to the Texas General Land Office, the average erosion rate for the 367 miles of Texas coast is 4.1 feet per year, For the tidal waterway communities (Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, and unincorporated Galveston County), estimated erosion rates were not available during this plan update. Therefore, the extent of erosion for this area can plan on less than 4.1 feet per year. Figure 16.2: Land Loss Since 1930 TEXAS Jefferson Co. Pon Arthur Sabi, Sea Rim l McFaddln ■ Pass Co. NWR St. Pat. Narris Co.Y/0�)Chambers High Island Galveston Gllchrlst.� _%`i,: Bay Co. Pass Gulf of Mexico seawall area land Loss (since 1930) n = 2810 sites (88%retreating) an Luis Pass Sabine - High Island: 1295 ha (3200 ac) Bolivar Peninsula: 8 ha (20 ac) Galveston Island: 86 ha (213 ac) 162 Galvestat County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsv,�ood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ak Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' IT Hazard Mitigation Plan The Gulf of Mexico is impacted by the development of oil, gas and mineral resources. The Gulf accounts for over 95 percent of the U.S: s outer continental shelf oil and gas production, and the region processes over two-thirds of the nation's oil imports. Invasive species are a serious threat to native biota in many Gulf coast ecosystems, and aquatic nuisance species pose severe economic problems, interfering with transportation, energy production, reservoir capacity and recreational uses. The effect of oil breaches on coastal erosion is determined by how much oil reaches the coastal regions and how long it remains. Oiled plants can die, along with roots that bind and stabilize the soil, leading to erosion. Loss of wetlands and marsh is another important concern, since wetlands may contribute to reducing storm surge associated with hurricanes. It is estimated coastal wetlands within the United States are being lost at a rate of approximately 59,000 acres per year (source NOAA). 16.4 Historical Occurrences Coastal erosion is averaged on an annual basis and the Texas coastline average rate of erosion is about 1.2 meters per year (source: Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas, htto•//earthskv org/earth/meffrev-oaine-retreating-shoreline-alone-texas-gulf-coast ). Tables 16.1 and 16.2 provides a summary of data collected by the Bureau of Economic Geology for the Shoreline movement along the Texas Gulf Coast, 1930's to 2012 study. The data is presented on a countywide basis and includes the potential at risk communities of Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Tiki Island, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County. Table 16.1; Locations of Critical Erosion for Galveston County using 2010 Data from the Texas General Land Office Source: State of Texas Mitigation Plan Update 2013 Note: '2000 Census Table 16.2: Galveston CountyLand Area Changes Source: htlo'//earlhskvom/earth(e(frev-oaine-reUeatina-shoreline-along-texas-0ulfcoast Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 16-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island :•S m Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Natural hazards can shorten the renourishment time frame and coastal storms significantly erode the sand beach. In the past decade, the following storms had an impact on the sand beach area within the Galveston County planning area: • High Surf (September 3, 2011) —high offshore winds associated with Tropical Storm Lee impacted areas of Galveston County • High Winds (April 24, 2010) - A low pressure system combined with a gravity wave disturbance produced a period of strong winds mainly along the coast. Wind gusts were in excess of 69 mph. • Hurricane Ike (September 12, 2008) -Ike produced damage due to high storm surge and high winds along Galveston Island, the Bolivar Peninsula, and along the Galveston Bay. Storm tides of 10 to 15 feet above mean sea level were observed in these areas. • Tropical Storm Edouard (September 5, 2006) -Storm tide damage on the Bolivar Peninsula was confined to the Gilchrist area. Ten single family homes experienced flooding up to eighteen inches deep inside the home. Fifteen single family homes and two mobile homes experienced flooding up to six inches deep inside the home. • Hurricane Humberto (September 12, 20071 — Developed from a tropical depression into a hurricane within nineteen hours. Maximum rainfall totals from Humberto ranged from around two inches to over fourteen inches mainly along and east of a line from Freeport to the Hitchcock and Texas City area to around Winnie. • High Winds (November 15, 2006) - A strong cold front moved through Southeast Texas in the morning. A tight surface pressure gradient behind the front produced winds at wind advisory levels with some higher gusts observed at Bacliff. • Hurricane Rita (September 23, 2005) - In Galveston County, tropical storm force sustained winds with gusts to hurricane force were reported across the county, especially on the Bolivar Peninsula. • Hurricane Claudette (July 14, 2003)—The highest recorded tide level, 7.56 ft. above mean low -lower water, was recorded at Pleasure Pier in Galveston. 16-4 Galveston County I Ba}�ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 16.5 Probability of Future Events Given the localization of this hazard to those locations that border waterways, the collective rankings from participating jurisdictions was 1.5 on a scale of 1-10. This information indicates that coastal erosion is likely to occur within the Bay area communities of Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County and the Gulf communities of Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, and Tiki Island. 16.6 Vulnerability Assessment while it is difficult to identify specific locations vulnerable to coastal erosion, large scale coastal erosion would increase the vulnerability of the coastal communities to hurricane surge events which are outlined in this plan in Section S. Another important aspect to the local vulnerability is the sea wall along the beach on Galveston Island. This sea wall is owned by the county and protects residents of the island, tourists and area business owners who rely on tourism. 16.71mpact Coastal erosion is a dynamic process and is often event driven and its consequences may be at least partially reversed during calmer periods. For the communities located on the Gulf (Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Tiki Island and Galveston County , the impact of coastal erosion and retreat have greater impact on economic losses due to the tourism the beaches provide. The Bay communities (Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, and Galveston County) also will suffer economic loss as well as infrastructure losses due to the close proximity of roads to the shoreline. Since coastal erosion and retreat is a somewhat slow process, these communities, through proper planning and enforcement of ordinances and regulations, can protect and/or minimize potential losses to structures. i Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsv`ood I Hitchcock I 16-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 1/.0 Land Subsidence 17.1 Description Land subsidence is the lowering of the ground as a result of water, oil, gas extraction, as well as other phenomena such as soil compaction, decomposition of organic material, and tectonic movement. In the Houston -Galveston region, subsurface clay layers compact in response to ground -water withdrawals from the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers and oil and gas extraction. Other conditions contributing to subsidence with minor noticeable impacts currently include oil and gas extraction, and the existence of salt domes and fault scarps, small step -like changes in elevation caused by fault slip in the ground.'' a Ground -water pumping from aquifers is the leading cause of subsidence in the region' Groundwater withdrawn from the regional aquifers was the primary source of water for municipal supply, industrial and commercial use, and irrigation.' By the 1970's the effects of groundwater withdrawals on subsidence and resultant flooding were apparent. Extensometers were installed in 1973 in the region to measure the rate of compaction. In 1975, the Texas State Legislature authorized the establishment of the Harris -Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD) "for the purpose of ending subsidence which contributes to, or precipitates, flooding, inundation, and overflow of any area within the district including, without limitation, rising waters resulting from storms or hurricanes."' Regulatory plans and groundwater regulations were subsequently established to manage groundwater resources. By 1979, subsidence was measured at 10 feet in some areas of the Houston -Galveston region.' Subsidence in the greater Houston - Galveston Bay area has led to damage to industrial and transportation infrastructure, investments in levees, reservoirs, and surface -water distribution facilities, and substantial loss of wetland habitats. i Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, National Center for Airborne LiDAR Mapping. "Is There Deep -Seated Subsidence in the Houston -Galveston Areal" International Journal of Geophysics Volume 2014 (2014), Retrieved online January 2016: htto://www.hindawl.com/lournals/ilee/2014/942834/ z Coplin, Laura. "Houston -Galveston, Texas: Managing Coastal Subsidence" USGS, 2007, Retrieved online January 2016: htto://nubs.uses.eov/tire/circll82/odf/07Houston odf 3 htto://earthauake.usgs.gov/learn/elossaw/?term=fault%20scaro 4 Coplin, Laura 2007 s Kasmarek, M.C. "Groundwater withdrawals 1976, 1990, and 2000-10 and land -surface -elevation changes 2000-10 in Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Montgomery, and Brazoria Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5034" 2013 Retrieved online January 2016: htto://oubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5034/ 6 Chapter 8801 special districts code Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 17-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' - Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ..- Hazard Mitigation Plan Soils in the region can shrink and swell 15-20 ft. below the surface with large variations in soil moisture. As much as 0.2 to 0.3 ft. of vertical movement can occur within days as clay soils respond to seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature.' Subsidence or compaction will vary by measurement site due not only to groundwater withdrawal, but also to ratios of sand, silt, and clay beneath the surface and the tendency of each mixture to compress. g However, once the water has been removed from the sediment, it cannot be replaced (Figure 17.1). Only about 5.3 million acre-feet of the total rainfall "recharge" Texas aquifers each year. In 1996, approximately 9.9 million acre-feet of groundwater were pumped resulting in a net loss of 4.6 million acre-feet of groundwater.10 As a regional example, groundwater withdrawals contributed to water -level -altitude declines of as much as 300 to 350 ft. below datum in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers in Harris County by 1977 as measured by extensometers in the region." Ngen InlryPlnnn xsdxlrnwnls Iowor grounJWA or levels aM raise Pressure on the e111 and clay IaYnrs hnYaW n Wrnshold mMuW, the QII AId siaylayors celpact, and Ilia Imnl sadeco olavagundocrunsus punoanmdy Figure 17.1: The Subsidence Process frreYelerd senJ.-�:.�:_�. ter:= ' RrawIBIIJ eBIId Iingmel ngnler onvol gxdross %andday orm talnuulwnlor lhdnwnlsMngrsfildvew - IUlnrvnralda Inixlanrlecn Wlrvnlinn cnlsld UY /reverse aNasge Jetone lion cyclic shaniting and evening nl hncgrninvleufhcal sedimenlel elamlmxrm Ji crooyuroversible nw dovallon cause) Uynreveraide Inoleshcdoloonafion — Pubnlirnooldc surface Mor long wrm onJ sustaneJ grounJweter wilhJrewels, Iho resJhng conlpeclion al agulnr anJinwnls is concenlrnlml in tle linagrainced sill and clay layers L'rnmdnr wll anxl Wny RoerrellpoJ and campactod skektondofnng OuW filled mlutstdial pore spocesthatstce gmnldarsiltnM tiny skdotonwilh reduced porosity and groundwater- gfoundwalor Almon capacity Zilkoski, David 2001 Kasmarek, Mark C. 2013 'a City of Friendswood Hazard Mitigation Plan 2015 " Kasmarek, Mark C. 2013 Inal sudatn Ikpthto water halaw .ti'!ylnli'. land .�Syi sudatn Years Ilydrogrn101 of long man water lovel decline modolnlod Wseem not cycles of increased and deceased gmuldisrow Wlthdrownls 17-2 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I'I'iki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan As the rate of groundwater withdrawal decreased in response to the establishment of the HGSO, the rates of compaction slowed and water levels In the aquifers began to rise and recover. Water levels in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers rose as much as 200 and 240 ft. by 201512 In 1976, about 27.4 Mgal/d were withdrawn from the aquifer system, and by 2000, withdrawals had decreased to about 4.12 Mgal/d, or about an 85-percent reduction since 1976. By 2010, withdrawals had decreased to about 0.626 Mgal/d, or about a 98-percent decrease since 1976.13 (Figure 17.2) Figure 17.2: Groundwater Withdrawals in Galveston County [Groundwater withdrawal values are in million gallons per day] Year Harris County' Galveston County' Fort Bend County, Montgomery County23 BIa Va a County, 1976 428.9 27.4 16.0 7,84 18.0 1990 363.4 4,56 62.6 24.9 15.4 2000 337.8 4,12 86.5 43.6 26.0 2001 289.6 1.63 74.6 40.3 21.7 2002 276.9 1,03 78.7 42.7 21.5 2003 276.5 1,01 80.5 47.0 21.7 2004 233.E 0,692 82.0 47.0 24.1 2005 295.8 0,820 100.5 58.8 24.8 2006 246.E 0,751 94.2 59.6 31.5 2007 213.8 0.630 79A 54.0 34.6 2008 256.4 0,783 101.1 64.7 49.2 2009 246.9 1,21 111.3 64A 43.2 2010 227A 0.626 99.8 64.2 24.7 'Greg Lakey, Harris -Galveston Subsidence District, written common., 2012, 'Bill Billingsley, Texas Water Development Board, written common., 2012. 'Samanflm Reiter, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, written common., 2012, " Kasmarak, Mark C. "Water -Level Altitudes 2015 and Water Level Changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper Aquifers and Compaction 1973-2014 in the Chicot and Evangeline Aquifers, Houston Galveston Region, Texas." 2015. Retrieved online January 2016: httvs:Unubs.er.uso.gov/oubucanon/sim3337 "Kasmarek, Mark C. 2013 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 17-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Ma1que I League City I Santa Fe ITiki [stand 1 ' A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 17.3 illustrates that as groundwater withdrawals decreased in Galveston County, rates of compaction decreased. While Texas City is not one of the participating jurisdictions, it is proximal and the extensometer there was one of the first installed in 1973. This location offers a reasonable reference point with a rich amount of historical data. Compaction at this location increased to almost 0.2 ft. from 1973 to 1980 and has tapered to approximately 0.1 ft. in recent years. Figure 17.3: Corpaction Compaction (feet) as measured by the Texas City -Moses Lake borehole extensometer 1973-2014 0.250 0.200 0.150 0.100 0.050 0.000 �\,yoA 1y \,yoi'C� oiA(° \,Yoi5Pr00 \,yoi410 \.yoi0 �\,yoi°°) 05 17.2 Location Historical data is captured regionally from 1906 to 2000 and shows the greatest rates of subsidence in the eastern portion of the Harris -Galveston Subsidence District along the Houston Bay Ship Channel (Figure 17.4). This location is near Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock Kemah, and unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Rates of subsidence after the Implementation of the HGSD are decreasing in areas where groundwater withdrawals are regulated to the south and east of Houston and increasing in the north and west where businesses and residents still rely on groundwater (Figures 17.5 and 17.6). For this plan update, the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, and Kemah consider land subsidence a potential risk. The near location of these communities are referenced on Figures 17.4 and 17.5. The unincorporated areas of Galveston County are located in various locations inland and along the Bay and Gulf. 17-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I ) i Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 174: Subsidence 1906-2000 SUBSIDENCE _ 1906=2000 lu OURM:NAnONAL G EODEf SURVEY ' \ UR IN RPRMAMNS: HGCSD Clear Lake Shores and Kemah l( � Bayou Vista 1 Hitchcock Map contoured In t Feet Intervals Figure 17.5: Subsidence in Feet 1978-2000 SUBSIDENCE IN FEET {ti A 1978. 2000 Clear Lake Shores and Kemah Bayou Visla Hitchcock Mep aontourod /n :L Foot Intorve/a Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 17-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 17.6: Subsidence 1993.2010 arols s;m !mns K�vr GS°I5 xroA arav a,:e Aan u.s. cwh,�l s,rc r aynnl aate.1.1oo:n1 LNMn9 kanwam A4naoxaa .ten,:me Ib W r t, Ane. i7n 0.n nn of 19f0 EXPLANATION Gatos of uplill or snbsidanca, in nI ill heters per yaar --- An —r yg — 10 -20 M PA15 40 -50 0 i0 �KLOAIEIFRS u la NMPFS IU ae1e6 of hgrieolllel nlovelnanl, VI milllmemrs parysar :.. I zb CPS PanAAlemulelPAMI aId Cerllnuwlr opmeang Mlaenoe WON icons] and GPS siten a me Qaale l l I ndnl Fnlxmi0.Srimi hSA0, ImoioweW 4.ynRrelK 2"e ro1v T['X •\S mnaanlsu M. a%tam Source: 1993-2010 Galloway 1999 as modified by Kasmarek 2015 17-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 46 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan In addition to extensometers installed in 19730 Galveston County has 3 fixed GPS monitoring stations (CORS) and 10 portable measurement units (PAM) measuring subsidence. The location of these units is illustrated in Figure (17.7).14 In review of 2014-2015 data from the Harris -Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD) the area subsidence rates recorded by local sensors ranged from a 0.5 inch increase (PAM 35-League City) to a one inch decrease (TXNJ-near Bolivar Peninsula). Figure 17.8 provides the charted data for these two sites. Figure 17.T: Subsidence Measure Sites Santa Fo ti f• Hitchcock wt(la 0 2.5 5 to- is 20 ea i Galveston SubildinceWasuilen L .orna MMOMMI 4 w. • (VtAU ..t"ui 19 Data retrieved online January 2016: http://hgsubsidence.org/subsidence-data/ 7 I.IIWI�Nil GalvestonCounty I BayouVista I Clear Like Shores I Friendstvood I I-litchcock I 17-7 Jamaica Reach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional tit Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 17.8: Subsidence Observations- PAM 35 and TXNJ Subsidence Observations OW 0., - 5 .o., - 0. 09 i a � jo :1 •ld _- —_.. -_ - :OIE r D,UPoFU Aryrrnbn tNa 17-8 Gahreston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional A Hazard Mitigation Plan 17.3 Extent Land subsidence is measured by rates of elevation loss. The extent of land subsidence in the regional study area, which includes Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Kemah, and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, from 1906 to 2000 ranges from approximatley 1-6 feet within the Harris -Galveston Subsidence District. Clear Lake Shores, Kemah and Bayou Vista have experienced 3 to 6 ft. in decline and Hitchcock around 2 to 3 ft. The Unincorporated areas of Galveston County range from 1 to 5 ft (based on data from Figure 17.4). The types of ground subsidence is provided in Figure 17.9. Figure 17.9; Types of Ground Subsidence Oil / Nnwnr Oar Extraction \lining O Ta' Dixolotion ofLimerionc l� OrowJavater•R<lat<J O Exirtiny Condition Dinwlwne< Elrcer ofDialwbantt Source: �a/en.wikioedia.oralvdkiffile:Wiki Image Revlsva 17.4 Historical Occurrences Subsidence is a continuous hazard, and its effects are intimately intertwined with those of other natural forces and episodic hazardous events. Rates of subsidence have decreased across Galveston County, but its effects continue to compound. There is one reported subsidence event dated June 2000 in the Houston -Galveston area but the exact location is not available. According to the State of Texas Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2013 update, early oil and gas production and a long history of Galveston County I Bayou Visa I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 17-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki island } ` f tagGalveston County Multijurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan groundwater pumping in the Houston -Galveston area created severe and costly coastal flooding hazards and affected a critical environmental resource —the Galveston Bay estuary. This past impact would have included all the participating jurisdictions within this plan update due to the pipeline systems that meanders throughout the County. 17.5 Probability of Future Events Rates of subsidence have decreased dramatically in line with the curtailing of water removal. The hazard is identified as unlikely (event possible in the next 10 years). Subsidence may continue to develop from other types of below ground withdrawals or from other natural processes. 17.6 Vulnerability Assessment The decrease in land surface elevation contributes to: 1516 17 • Saltwater inundation of coastal areas; • Increase in the frequency and extent of flooding; • Damage to infrastructure including protrusion above land surface of wells and other fixed infrastructure, Gradient reversals resulting in ponding and/or backflow of sewage and storm water runoff; • Activation or acceleration of the movement of geologic faults resulting in visible surface fracturing, surface offsets, and property damage; • Exaggerated flooding by tidal surges and heavy rains attendant to hurricanes; • Gradient change in open channels which can lead to channel erosion and sediment deposit; • Conversion of emergent wetlands to open water and barren flats. This causes bay shorelines to become more susceptible to erosion by wave action; • Significant loss of submerged aquatic vegetation. Therefore, this hazard can amplify the impacts of flooding which is outlined in this plan with regards to specific areas of vulnerability within the planning area. Flood Loss data is provided in Tables 17.1 and 17.2 for Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, and Hitchcock. Estimates of the financial impact of subsistence are vague. "Many millions of dollars' are spent reclaiming land submerged by tidal water, elevating structures such as buildings, wharves and roadways, constructing levees to protect against tidal inundation and to repair damage due to fault movement. An estimate of the average annual cost to property owners from 1969 to 1974 for the 15 Kasmarek, Mark C. 2015 16 Coplin, Laura 2007 17 Subsidence.org 1740 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan HGSD was $31,000,000 (measured in 1975 dollars, present day $139,337,043). Due to the decrease n rates of subsidence, this cost may be much lower today. Costs to relocate or fortify industrial facilities would likely exceed those estimates. " Table 17.1: Estimated Exposure of People and Parcels by Jurisdiction Ba ou Vista 1,537 1,324 $225,154,990 0 0 $0 Clear Lake Shores 1,069 1,051 $243,448,194 4 8 $22,789,590 Hitchcock 6,961 6,337 $460,075,283 4,705 1,779 $196)227,284 Kemah 21906 1,221 $294,986,165 2,494 471 $123,321,865 Unincorporated 40,244 343756 $2,931,109,729 23,274 71375 $706,082,824 18 Coplin, Laura 2007 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I I litchaxk I "17-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 17.2: Potential Impacts to Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Source: HAZUS-MH 17.7 Impact The severity of subsidence impacts are considered to be unlikely in the short term since they generally result in no physical injuries and rarely shut down critical facilities and services. Financial impacts created by land subsidence for Galveston County, Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, and Kemah could occur to residential and commercial properties and critical facilities and infrastructure. Impacts to saltwater intrusion, flooding and storm surge, and loss of submerged aquatic vegetation can be expected for these jurisdictions as well. 17-12 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan ... 18.0 Expansive Soils 18.1 Description Expansive soils are soils that expand when water is added, and shrink when they dry out. This continuous change in soil volume can cause structures to move unevenly and crack and roads and sidewalks to buckle. Soils with a high clay content exhibit high expansive properties. Slab on grade construction is the most susceptible to damage from expansive clays. 18.2 Location Figure 18.1, on the subsequent page, provides the expansive soil ratings (in percent) as classified by the USGS. The low range, 0-3 percent, represents fine sand with little moisture content and thus low linear extensibility. The high range, 9-17 percent represents clay like soils and is found in areas of Galveston County, Friendswood, League City, and La Marque. Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, Kemah, Santa Fe, and Tiki Island are located within the low to moderate areas. 18.3 Extent Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased from moist to a dry state. it is an expression of the volume change as a percentage change for the soil. Soil extensibility ratings over 9 percent are considered to be very high. According to report data gathered from the USDA (Web Report v13, September 2015) the average linear extensibility rate for Galveston County is 3.5 percent which is just below the linear extensibility of clay loam. Areas along the Gulf have lower linear extensibility rates in general while areas along the shoreline east of Bayou Vista have higher linear extensibility rates. Inland soil extensibility rates vary greatly by location. One area with high linear extensibility rates begins to the east of Moses Lake near San Leon and extends to the Northeast (includes sections of the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Friendswood, League City, and La Marque). For these areas, the extent of damages may include cracking foundations, shifting and/or disruption of underground utilities, and shifting of roadways. Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 18-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ... I Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 18.1: Expansive Soil Ratings Source: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service 18.4 Historical Occurrences There were no documented losses due to expansive soils for Galveston County, Friendswood, League City, or La Marque. Sources verified included the USGS, GCOEM, Texas General Land Office, and NCDC. 18.5 Probability of Future Events Galveston County receives approximately 50 inches of rain annually. Given the high average annual rainfall and the areas propensity for drought, expansive soils will likely continue to impact the areas with a high expansive soil rating found in Galveston County, Friendswood, League City, and La Marque, 18-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional �_ Hazard Mitigation Plan 18.6 VulnerabilityAssessment According to the State of Texas 2013 Hazard Mitigation Plan, damages caused by expansive soils are higher on slab -on -grade foundations as opposed to pier and beam construction. For the unincorporated areas outside of the coastal zone, Friendswood, League City, and La Marque are at greater risk to cracking foundations. In addition to the potential impact to housing and building construction the vast network of oil and gas pipelines across the planning area are vulnerable to this hazard (Figure 18.2 and 18.3). Figure 18.2: Gas Pipelines Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 18-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 18.3 Oil Pipeline ok r'\'•trr Texas ws N'(! F �3 0 2.5 5 10 i 1 � Miles � \ Major Roads \ Oil Pipelines Population by Census Block 0-40 � 41 -141 142 - 350 351 - 772 773 -1599 18.71mpact The impact for expansive soils for Galveston County, Friendswood, League City and La Marque will vary from minor structural foundation repairs (residential and commercial) to potential breaches to the oil/gas pipeline system that could interrupt transmission of the products or create significant damage to due leakage in the systems. The impact for expansive soil is considered to be likely throughout the high expansive soil rating areas found in Galveston County, Friendswood, League City and La Marque. 18.4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional ` S Hazard Mitigation Plan 1sw Dam and Levee Failure 19.1 Description Dam Dams are water storage, control, or diversion structures that impound water upstream in reservoirs. Dam failure can take several forms, including a collapse of, or breach in, the structure. While most dams have storage volumes small enough that failures have few or no repercussions, dams storing large amounts can cause significant flooding downstream. Dam failures can result from any one, or a combination, of the following causes: • Prolonged periods of rainfall and flooding, which cause most failures; • Inadequate spillway capacity, resulting in excess overtopping of the embankment; • Internal erosion caused by embankment or foundation leakage or piping; • Improper maintenance, including failure to remove trees, repair internal seepage problems, or maintain gates, valves, and other operational components; • Improper design or use of improper construction materials; • Failure of upstream dams in the same drainage basin; • Landslides into reservoirs, which cause surges that result in overtopping; • High winds, which can cause significant wave action and result in substantial erosion; and • Destructive acts of terrorism. Benefits provided by dams include water supplies for drinking, irrigation and industrial uses; flood control; hydroelectric power; recreation; and navigation. At the same time, dams also represent a risk to public safety. Dams require ongoing maintenance, monitoring, safety inspections, and sometimes even rehabilitation to continue safe service. In the event of a dam failure, the energy of the water stored behind the dam is capable of causing rapid and unexpected flooding downstream, resulting in loss of life and great property damage. A devastating effect on water supply and power generation could be expected as well. The terrorist aRacks of September 11, 2001, generated increased focus on protecting the country's infrastructure, including the safety of dams. Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 19-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional :.... Hazard Mitigation Plan Levee Levees (also "floodwalls") are human -made structures designed to contain, control or deflect the flow of water to provide protection from temporary flooding. Levees usually protect from seasonal flooding, and may be subject to water loading for periods of only a few days or weeks each year. Many of the nation's levees were first put in place by farmers to protect agricultural areas from frequent flooding. They date back as much as 150 years, but in that time, land use has changed and development has taken place where these farms were once located. Levees are earthen berms and/or concrete walls built to keep storm surge or other water from flooding the land behind it and can decay over time. Accurate mapping of the risks of flooding behind levees depends on knowing the condition and level of protection the levees provide. 19.2 Location Dam The state of Texas currently lists 7,126 non-federal dams. According to the American Society of Civil Engineers -Texas Section Report Card (2012), there are 1,046 high hazard dams inTexas. The state of Texas has more dams than any other state in the Union (See Figure 19.1). According to the National Inventory of Dams, there is one major dam in Galveston County, Figure 19.1: Location of Texas Dams which is the Galveston County Water Reservoir Dam located at Dickinson Bayou in Texas City 'd:.y ME This dam, operated and maintained by the .' •r EM ME, Gulf Coast Water Authority, is classified as a' oft "High" hazard dam. Although Texas City is not `' t,;.g .+ part of this plan, the neighboring jurisdictions ; of Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, La Marque, and o.{;PR :., unincorporated areas of Galveston County - . - :: .' could be impacted should this dam experience ; fy % a breach. Figure 19.2 provides the location of 01 na ° �aau ME •v the dam in relation to these communities.,: Data Deficiency: The US Army Corp of .JM y Engineers is developing a study to determine' - Source: USACE the potential location, extent, and impact of a breach from the Galveston County Water Reservoir Dam and levee system. This study is expected MENOMONEE 19-2 Galveston Count} I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ;: Hazard Mitigation Plan to be completed in 2018 and will include a projected inundation area map. The location of the inundation area is not known at this time. Details regarding the data deficiency is provided on page 19-5. Figure 19.2: Galveston Coun[y Water Reservoir Dam Area Hawn ---- .. un \ Fb. * Taylor �,' Lake ;Seaha.nr and - Clear Lake Shores �• • -. Kemah j Friendswood 1 r League Unincorporated i _'�"• City Galveston County STINGS f lELO 6 \ pr<kmso DAM Texas City )r aeer.•LaMarque roavmw Put CeapY. 7 ! Hitchcock • , '\\ Fri.. a.i Ray I hr ano VWa National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA); Delta Stab3 University; Esri I scott.mcafeeCmfema.dhs,gov I Texas Parks & VJildife, Esri, HERE, DeLorm e, USGS, NGA, EPA, USDA, NPS Levee The Galveston County hurricane flood protection levee protects the cities of Texas City and La Marque and their more than 50,000 residents and almost $7.5 billion of property, which represents more than 40 percent of Galveston County's tax base. The levee is comprised of 15.7 miles of an earthen berm and 1.3 miles of concrete wall, offering a total of 17 miles of protection. Hurricane flood protection efforts in the Texas City area began in Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Fri endstvood I Hitchcock I 19-3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island } ` Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 1928 when some 13,500 feet of earthen levees were constructed by Galveston County in the general area of the port and industrial section of Texas City. These levees reached an elevation of about 14.5 feet. In 1932, construction began on an additional 8,300-foot-long concrete wall and a 3,800-foot-long earthen levee. Both of these structures were built to an elevation of 12.5 feet. The Texas City/La Marque Hurricane Flood Protection Levee has numerous appurtenant structures. The project is designed to provide protection for about 36 square miles of residential and industrial development from tropical hurricanes of magnitudes up to and including a Standard Project Hurricane Tide of 15 feet. The location and potential impact for the levee are displayed in Figure 19.3. 19-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' S Hazard Mitigation Plan 19.3 Extent Data Deficiency The US Army Corps of Engineers and URS Group, Inc. completed two Project Information Reports (PIR) on the Texas City Levee and Galveston Seawall following Hurricane Ike in Jan 2009. The PIRs examined the dam and levee damages from the storm and surge as well as the extent of flooding in the surrounding areas caused by the failure of the structures. When Hurricane Ike made landfall in Galveston County on September 13, 2008, it brought a storm surge of 15+feet above mean sea level. The combined storm surge and wave action from Hurricane Ike caused costly damages to the dam and levee. The Corps of Engineers reported that failure to repair these prior to the next hurricane season would increase the risk of structural failure during a significant storm event and threaten the protected community and property. Although both structures needed (and received) repairs due to the hurricane, both served their purposes during the surge and protected the communities they were built to support. While the dam and levee benefited the areas in close proximity to the structures since neither failed, the Corps is in the process of researching the location, extent, and impact if either the dam or levee completely fails and will release the information in 2018. They are unable to release the information during this plan update because iVs still changing significantly but it will be reviewed and implemented as appropriate in accordance with mitigation actions GC-2016-11, CLS-2016-5, K-2016-6, and LM-2016-6 (see Section 21 for details). Best available data is presented below to describe the general observation of extent for dam/levee failure. Dam Effective January 1, 2009, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) adopted the revised dam classifications asshown in Table 19.1. The new classifications place a greater emphasis on high and significant hazard dams. Now a significant classification indicates a probable loss of life, whereas before no loss of life was expected in the event of dam failure. A High Hazard dam breach is now indicative of an expected loss of life of seven or more persons versus a probable chance in pre- 2008 classifications. The Galveston County Water Reservoir Dam is of a homogeneous earth -fill construction with a maximum height of 14 feet and a length of 25,281 feet. The reservoir has a maximum capacity of 11,368 acre feet. Normal storage is 7,360 acre feet with approximately 859 acres of water surface at the elevation of 18.2 feet above mean sea level. Based on the classifications provided in Table 19.1, the damages to Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, La Marque and Galveston County could result in Calveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I 19-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan minor injuries with possible loss of life (although not expected). Economic losses could be considerable due to the effect a breach may have on the local water supply and the critical facilities located nearby. Table 19.1: Dam Size and Hazard Classi/ications Ef/ective January 1, 2009 Size Classification Source: Category Storage (acre,feet) Height (feet) Small Less than 1,000 Less than 40 Intermediate 1,000 to 49,999 40-99 Large 501000+ 100+ Hazard Classification Category Loss of Life Economic Loss Low 1 None expected I Minimal Significant I Possible, but not expected I Appreciable High I Expected I Excessive htto:IMnHv.damsafeN.orc/media/DocumentslPDFRX.odf Levee For levees in the federal system, FEMA relies on the expertise of the USACE and the levee inventory they are developing to determine the appropriate range of flood risk designation to use in re - mapping flood risk on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). Information for the inventory is coordinated with the local community and levee owners. For levees not in the federal system, FEMA will coordinate with the impacted community and the levee owner. While levees reduce the chance of flooding from certain designed events, no levee completely eliminates the risks associated with flooding as levees are designed to provide a specific level of protection and can be overtopped or fail during flood events that exceed the design storm. Table 19.2 depicts the range of protection that levees provide. The Texas City levee is considered to bean Accredited Levee, designed to protect to the one percent flood event. Therefore, the levee can protect La Marque and unincorporated areas of Galveston County against a storm surge range up to 15 feet with waves reaching eight feet high. ( 19-G Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 0 la Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` SAlt Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 19.2: Levee Classifications/Range of Protection Accredited Levees If a levee meets the criteria and the necessary Area protected on FIRMIDFIRM— data and documentation are provided to FEMA, shaded Zone X (area of low to the FIRM will show the area behind the levee as moderate risk) protected from the base flood and it will be mapped as a moderate -risk zone. Provisionally Accredited If community officials and levee owners Area protected by levee on DFIRM Levees reasonably believe a levee system provides will be mapped as shaded Zone X protection from the base flood but documentation is not promptly available, this interim designation will allow up to two years for communities to submit documentation and levee certification to FEMA. Non -accredited If the levee does not meet the regulatory The area of inundation will be protection criteria of 44 CFR Section 65,10, then shown as a Zone A orAE the FIRM will show the area behind the levee as a high -risk zone, or SFHA. 19.4 Historical Occurrences Due to the nature of their construction, both levees and dams are susceptible to decay and deterioration over time and require regular and proper maintenance. However, to date, there has been no historical occurrence of dam or levee failure in the area of Galveston County and La Marque nor reports of mis-operation of the flood gate located at the water reservoir dam to impact Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, or Galveston County. In fact, the Texas City/La Marque Hurricane Flood Protection Levee performed as expected and was not damaged during Hurricane Ike in 2008. 19.5 Probability of Future Occurrences Based on the lack of historical incidents or previous occurrences of dam failure for the Galveston County Water Reservoir Dam (high hazard classification), the probability of a future occurrence of dam failure is unlikely within the next ten years for Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, La Marque and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, While Bolivar Peninsula was devastated during Hurricane Ike, the Hurricane and Flood Protection Levee in Galveston County held strong and fared well. Currently, the levee protects Texas City and La Marque from a 15-foot storm surge plus the additional height of waves on top of the surge. This is equivalent to a strong category 3 or low category 4 storm. The probability of a future occurrence of levee failure is unlikely within the next ten years for La Marque and the unincorporated areas of Galveston County, Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 19-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional % eftoks Hazard Mitigation Plan 19.6 VulnerabilityAssessment Dam and Levee System Failure Although Texas City is not participating in this plan, La Marque would also be directly affected by flooding should the dam and levee system fail. The primary purpose of the levee is to protect the local area from a hurricane surge or extreme tidal event. The dam is the western side of the water reservoir, and it also prevents saltwater from entering through Dickinson Bayou on the northwestern side of the dam and levee system. If the dam and levee system failed to retain the reservoir of fresh water La Marque and Texas City would be impacted by the freshwater release, and the cascading effect would be the loss of a local water supply for most jurisdictions and local business in the area. Friendswood and League City do receive water from the City of Houston which is derived from multiple other sources. Should the flood gate at the water reservoirfail, Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, and Galveston County could suffer economic loss due to flooding in lower areas of these communities. If the levee failed independent of the dam a saltwater intrusion of flood water would occur and inundate La Marque, Texas City, and the industrial complex within the area. Particularized dollar losses in terms of annualized loss -estimates for dam and levee failures are not available. Therefore, a breakdown is not available for potential dollar losses of critical facilities, infrastructure, and lifelines, or hazardous -materials facilities. Due to the importance of the area in the overall economy, particularly with regard to supplying our Nation with fuel, Galveston County and adjacent communities and partners are reconsidering whether they should be protected by a levee that will withstand a 20-foot storm surge. For this plan update, best available mapping data is presented. A topographic map showing the general area of impact for dam and levee failure to La Marque is provided as Figure 19.5. An estimated inundation map for dam failure is provided as Figure 19.1 for Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, La Marque and Galveston County, 19-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f •A . Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 01 Hazard Mitigation Plan :.... Figure 19.5: USGS Topographic Map -Area of Impact La Marque -Dam/Levee Failure Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 19-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island f� .� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 19.71mpact Dam Failure Failure of the dam and levee system is an unlikely event. However, major industrial, commercial, and residential infrastructure and facilities are in the immediate area and immediately Southeast of the dam and inside of the overall dam and levee system. If a failure occurred at the dam in Texas City, the immediate impact on participating jurisdictions (Clear Lake Shores, Kemah, La Marque, and Galveston County) in this plan would be minor, meaning injuries or illness would not result in permanent disability, critical facilities could be shutdown for more than a week, and more than ten percent of property could be destroyed or suffer major damage. However, the impact on the local water supply would be significant considering that only Friendswood and League City utilize water from other sources. Levee Failure Although there has not been a previous occurrence of a levee failure in the area, the potential impact would be major. Critical facilities could be shut down for weeks and more than 25 percent of property could be destroyed, including some of the nation's refineries. Area refineries have the capacity to satisfy more than 10 percent of the gasoline demand in the U.S. — enough to fully fuel 21 cars every second. The risk associated with levee failure would also affect other industrial companies behind the levee that produce electricity and steam for the Texas City complex. The Mainland Medical Center serves the industrial complex and remains particularly important when dealing with potential injuries resulting from the work with chemicals and volatile substances. All told, the impact from levee failure would affect over 50,000 residents, almost $7.5 billion in property, and roughly five percent of the nation's oil refining capacity. In addition to these figures, over 5,000 people are employed in the area including more than 2,000 independent contractors at any one time. 19-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 20.0 Capability Assessment 20.1 Overview The purpose of conducting a capability assessment is to determine the ability of the participating jurisdictions to implement a mitigation strategy.' As in any planning process, it is important to determine what actions are feasible, based on an understanding of those departments tasked with their implementation. More specifically, the capability assessment helps to determine what mitigation actions are practical and likely to be implemented over time given the fiscal, technical, administrative and political framework of the community. It also provides an opportunity to assess existing plans, policies and processes in place. A careful analysis was conducted to detect any existing gaps, shortfalls or weaknesses within existing government activities that could exacerbate community vulnerability. The assessment also highlights positive measures already in place, which should continue to be supported through future mitigation efforts. 20.2 Conducting the Capability Assessment Prior to the kickoff meeting, a detailed Capability Assessment Survey was distributed to each participating jurisdiction. The survey was based on the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 which requires that local governments review and incorporate, if appropriate, existing plans, studies, reports and technical information into their hazard mitigation plans. The survey provided a list of existing local plans, policies, programs or ordinances that typically contribute to and/or hinder the ability to implement hazard mitigation actions. Other indicators included information related to each jurisdiction's fiscal, administrative and technical capabilities, such as access to local budgetary and personnel resources for mitigation purposes. Through the review process of the Galveston County 2011-2016 plan, the planning team saw an opportunity to expand the information presented in the assessment survey to allow for a comprehensive approach in capturing more levels of each jurisdiction's capabilities. Listed below is a summary of the additional information provided in the planning and regulatory category along with a list of the new categories introduced in this plan update. Details for each category are provided throughout this section. The survey results and scoring methodology are provided in section 20.3. ' While the Interim Final Rule for implementing the Disaster Mitigation Acl of 2000 does not require a local capability assessment to be completed for local hazard mitigation plans, we believe that it is it a cdtical step to develop a mitigation strategy that meets the needs of each jurisdiction while faking into account their own unique abilities. However, the Rule does stale that a community's mitigation sVategy should be 'based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources, and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools' (44 CFR, Part 201.6(c)(3)). Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 204 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan • Planning and Regulatory Capaty -added land use plan, community wildfire protection plan, fire department rating, site plan review, and the community rating system (Tables 20-1 and 20-2) • Administrative and Technical Capability — new to 2016-2020 update (Table 20-3) • Fiscal Capability — new to 2016-2020 update (Table 20-4) • Education and Outreach — new to 2016-2020 update (Table 20-5) Planning and Regulatory Capability Planning and regulatory capability is based on the implementation of plans, ordinances and programs that demonstrate a local jurisdiction's commitment to guiding and managing growth, development and redevelopment in a responsible manner, while maintaining the general welfare of the community. It includes emergency response and mitigation planning, comprehensive land use planning and transportation planning, in addition to the enforcement of zoning or subdivision ordinances and building codes that regulate how land is developed and structures are built, as well as protecting environmental, historic and cultural resources in the community. These planning initiatives generally present significant opportunities to integrate hazard mitigation principles and practices into the local decision making process. This assessment is designed to provide a general overview of the key planning and regulatory tools or programs in place or under development, along with their potential effect on loss reduction. This information will help identify opportunities to address existing gaps, weaknesses or conflicts with other initiatives in addition to integrating the implementation of this Plan with existing planning mechanisms where appropriate. Tables 20.1 and 20.2 represent the capabilities of each participating jurisdiction. Planning and regulatory capabilities indicated with a bold "X" have been updated or developed since the previous plan. 20-2 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional , Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 20.1: Planning Capabi11t1es Floodplain General Planning Hazard/Emergency Management Planning Management w o w _ a c 0 Z E m rna rn a v A 4 v m c > c a w o " FL o rn O 3 a ` M a `w u On o c a ai v " Q :. m �c a '� c m c. E c o v E E.a a v N a o Jurisdiction �, , = z o 0 a= 0 w a o 0 a w' n o E L Jamaica Beach Table 20.2: Regulatory Capabilities bbb Galveston County X X X X 7 Bayou Vista 2012 7 X X X X Clear Lake Shores 2012 4 X X X X X Friendswood 2009 3 X X X X X 5 Hitchcock 2003 X X X X Jamaica Beach 2012 3 X X X X Kemah 2009 4 X X X X X 5 La Marque 2003 3 X X X X League City 2009 3 X X X X X 6 Santa Fe 2012 5 X X X X X Tiki Island 2009 6 X X X X X 8 Galveston County 16a}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 203 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 4_fill Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan General Plannlnq The implementation of hazard mitigation"activities often involves stakeholders beyond the emergency management profession. Stakeholders may include local planners, public works officials, economic development specialists and others. As a result, the questions asked in the Local Capability Assessment Survey regarding general planning capabilities were designed to measure the degree to which mitigation is integrated into other planning efforts. Descriptions of the plans and regulatory programs listed in the survey are provided below. Comorehensive Plan A comprehensive plan establishes the overall vision for a community and helps to guide municipal decision making. Land Use Plan Aland -use plan provides a vision for the future possibilities of development in neighborhoods, districts, cities, or any defined planning area. Caoital Imorovements Plan A capital improvement plan guides the scheduling of spending on public improvements. A capital improvement plan can serve as an important mechanism to guide future development away from identified hazard areas. Limiting public spending in hazardous areas is one of the most effective long-term mitigation actions available to local governments. Economic Development Plan An economic development plan serves as a road map for economic development decision making, based on the collection of statistical data, historical perspective, and human potential. Historic Preservation Plan A historic preservation plan is intended to preserve historic structures or districts within a community. An often overlooked aspect of the historic preservation plan is the assessment of buildings and sites located in areas subject to natural hazards to include the identification of the most effective way to reduce future damages? This may involve retrofitting or relocation techniques that account for the need to protect buildings that do not meet current building standards or are within a historic districtthat cannot easily be relocated out of a hazard -prone area. s See Protecting the Pastirom Natural Disasters.1989. Nelson, Carl. National Trust for Historic Preservation: Washington, D.C. 20-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Natural Resource Protection Plans Natural Resource Protection plans provide recommendations for how to best protect the sustainability of natural resources. Open Space Management Plans Open Space Management plans describe a process and recommend strategies and solutions for handling open space Issues for outdoor recreational or open habitat areas of land. Hazard/Emergency Management Plans Hazard mitigation is widely recognized as one of the four primary "phases' of emergency management. Other phases include preparedness, response and recovery. In reality, each phase is interconnected with hazard mitigation as Figure 20.1 suggests. Planning for each phase is a critical part of a comprehensive emergency management program and a key to the successful implementation of hazard mitigation actions. As a result, the Local Capability Assessment survey asks several questions across a range of emergency management plans in order to assess the jurisdiction's willingness to plan and their level of technical proficiency. Figure 20.1-Emergency Management Cycle Recovery "=NO Prevention / Mitigation EMERGENCY NVIA MANAGEMENT ML Response \Preparedness Hazard Mitigation Plan A hazard mitigation plan represents a community's blueprint for how they intend to reduce the impact of natural and human -caused hazards on people and the built environment. Elements of a hazard mitigation plan include a risk assessment, capability assessment and mitigation strategy. Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Sha•es I Friendswood 11-litchcock I 20-5 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki island A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan For this plan update, the ces of Dickinson, Galveston, and Texas City opted not to participate in the county multi -jurisdictional plan update. Santa Fe has joined this planning initiative and apparently has not been included in any previous hazard mitigation plan. Community Wildfire Protection Plan The community wildfire protection plan is a strategic plan that identifies wild land fire issues facing the community and outlines prioritized mitigation actions. This plan is not applicable to the Galveston County planning area. Drought Plan A drought plan provides a framework for an integrated approach to minimize the impacts of drought on its people and resources. It outlines both long-term and short-term measures that can be used to prepare for, respond to, and mitigate the effects of drought. Emergencv Management or Operations Plan An emergency operations plan outlines the responsibilities of those responding to an emergency or disaster and the means by which resources are deployed. Disaster Recovery Plan A disaster recovery plan serves to guide the physical, social, environmental and economic recovery of a community, including the physical reconstruction process following a disaster. Continuity of Operation Plan (COOPI A continuity of operation plan establishes a clear chain of command, line of succession, and plans for backup or alternate emergency facilities in case of an extreme emergency or disaster. Evacuation Plan An evacuation plan provides a planned response to and support capabilities for population protection, which include coordination, public notification, resource management and the implementation of protection actions such as evacuation, shelter -in -place, and refuge of last resort. It identifies measures bused by the community to mitigate safety issues during evacuations and assist with the repopulation of areas affected by disaster. 20-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I 1-Iitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Floodp/ain ManagementCapablllty Flooding represents the greatest natural hazard facing the nation and Galveston County. At the same time, the tools available to reduce the impacts associated with flooding are among the most developed when compared to other hazard -specific mitigation techniques. Stormwater Management Plan A Stormwater management plan is designed to address flooding associated with Stormwater runoff. The stormwater management plan is typically focused on design and construction measures that are intended to reduce the impact of more frequently occurring minor urban flooding. Floodolain Management Plan A floodplain management plan provides a framework for action regarding the corrective and preventative measures in place to reduce flood -related impacts. Flood Resoonse Plan A Flood Response plan addresses future flood events in terms of proactive remediation measures to minimize flood hardships and losses. Regulatory Programs Zoning Ordinances Zoning represents the means by which land use is controlled by local governments. As part of a community's police power, zoning is used to protect the public health, safety and welfare. A zoning ordinance is the mechanism through which zoning is typically implemented. Since zoning regulations enable municipal governments to limit the type and density of development, it can serve as a powerful tool when applied in identified hazard areas. Subdivision Ordinances A subdivision ordinance is intended to regulate the development of housing, commercial, industrial or other uses, including associated public infrastructure, as land is subdivided into buildable lots for sale or future development. Building Codes, Permitting and Inspections Bung codes regulate construction standards. Decisions regarding the adoption of building codes, the type of permitting process required both before and after a disaster, and the enforcement of Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-Iitchcock I 20-7 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe ITiki Island ' S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan inspection protocols all affect the level of hazard risk faced by a community. With the exception of the county, all jurisdictions reported the enforcement of buildingcodes 3 Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance A local Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance is a tool used by counties and municipalities to regulate the type of construction that occurs in the floodplain. National Flood Insurance Program The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides specific regulatory measures that enable officials to determine where and how growth occurs relevant to flood hazards. The NFIP is a voluntary program but is strongly encouraged by FEMA as a means to implement sustainable solutions. Community Rating Svstem /CR51 The Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary program under the NFIP. The goals of the CRS are to reduce flood damages to insurable property, strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the NFIP, and encourage a comprehensive approach to floodplain management. It should be noted that four communities participate in the CRS program. In 2014, Santa Fe applied for the program but was not able to attain the minimum 500 points. Despite Friendswood's effort to improve their CRS rating, the grading criteria have made pursuing their goal costlier. Administrative and Technical Capability Administrative capability was evaluated by reviewing county and municipal staffing and the existing organizational structure found across local government to implement mitigation strategies. Technical capability can be defined as possessing the skills and tools needed to improve decision - making, including the development of sound mitigation actions. Technical capability can be measured across three primary elements:1) geographic Information systems (GIS) and database management; 2) grants management; and 3) professional and knowledge -based staff. The analysis of the responses to the capability assessment survey indicated that the administrative and technical capabilities for the majority of the jurisdictions are adequate. Table 20.3 provides a summary of the Administrative and Technical capabilities. � Counties do not have the authodty to adopt building codes, unless needed for fire safety for certain public and commercial buildings (See Chapter 233, Section 233.032 of the Texas Local Government Code). 20-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendsvaood I Hitchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 20.3: Administrative and Technical Capabilities Nole:'Provided by the Galveston County Floodplain Manager °ConVacled services Fiscal Capability The ability to take action is often closely associated with the amount of money available to implement policies and projects. This may take the form of grants received or state and locally based revenue. The cost associated with the mitigation policy and project implementation varies widely. In some cases, policies are tied primarily to staff time or administrative costs associated with the creation and monitoring of a given program. In other cases, direct expenses are linked to an actual project, such as the acquisition of flood -prone homes, which can require a substantial commitment from local, state, and federal funding sources. A discussion of potential funding sources relevant to mitigation projects and activities are presented in Section 25 — Mitigation Strategies. Gah�eston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lnke Shores I Friendswood I I [itchcock I 20-9 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan The analysis of the responses to the capability assessment survey indicated that there is a moderate fiscal capability at the county and larger municipal levels while smaller communities are limited financially. Recommendation: When considering the effect of fiscal capability on the implementation of policies and projects, jurisdictions should ask themselves the following questions: • Does this action require monetary commitment or staff resources? • Can we combine resources with other counties, municipalities, or other agencies to address identified problems? • Are we willing to commit local revenue on a sustained or a one-time basis action? Table 20.4 provides a summary of the results of the Fiscal Capabilities. Table 20.4: Fiscal Capabilities C X N N V w N C A 0 o E c� .� 3 v m E �; o E is %p w `p 0 3 a m v" E o O w m w c p z w- o. > o c c> E i m t o ry Jurisdiction U d ¢ i rn E v in ma n 0130 O n in F©© Friendswood Jamaica Beach 20-10 Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friends�i'ood I 1-litchcock I Jamaica Beach 11<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa h'e ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Education and Outreach Capability This type of local capaty refers to education and outreach programs and methods already in place that could be used to implement mitigation activities and communicate hazard —related nformation. Examples include natural disaster or safety -related school programs, participation in community programs such as StormReady; and activities conducted as part of hazard awareness campaigns such as private/public partnership meetings to discuss disaster preparedness. The analysis of the responses to the capability assessment survey indicated that there is a moderate fiscal capability at the county and larger municipal levels while the small communities are somewhat imited and tend to rely on the county to provide outreach and educational programs and timely nformation to their residents. Table 20.5 provides a summary of the Education and Outreach Capabilities. Table 20.5: Education and Outreach Capabilities Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priends�wood I Hitchcock I 20=f( Jamaica beach I Kemah I La V[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island l Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 20.3 Conclusions In order to form an assessment of local capabilities, a quantitative scoring methodology was designed and applied to the results of the assessment survey. A point system was established to provide an overall ranking of limited, moderate, and high. Each capability provided by the jurisdiction received a scoring value of 1 with an additional point given to community's whose building codes are 2008 and greater, fire department rating is greater than 6, and they participate in the CRS program. Table 20.6 shows the results of the Capability Assessment using the designed scoring methodology based on a maximum point value of 57 as defined below. • High —score of 57 to 38 • Moderate —score of 37 to 18 • Limited —score of 17 to 0 Table 20.6: Results of Capability AssessmentbyJurisdiction Maximum Point Value • • Galveston County 22 9 6 5 42 High Bayou Vista 16 9 4 2 31 Moderate Clear Lake Shores 22 10 5 3 40 High Friendswood 24 12 6 5 47 High Hitchcock 9 3 2 0 14 Limited Jamaica Beach 13 6 2 1 22 1 Moderate Kemah 22 9 0 0 31 Moderate La Marque 20 12 7 2 41 High League City 25 12 9 3 49 High Santa Fe 15 1 8 1 4 1 0 27 Moderate Tiki Island 19 9 3 3 34 Moderate I I 20-12 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island p Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 20.4 Recommendations for Expanding and Improving on Existing Authorities, Policies, Programs, and Resources As shown in Tables 20.1 to 20.5, each jurisdiction participating in this plan update provided a summary of their existing authorities, policies, programs, and resources in place. This information provides a quick reference of where each jurisdiction may be lacking in capabilities to assess how they can proactively implement or improve their abilities that may lend to the reduction/elimination of future impacts through enhanced standards, additional staff/resources, funding programs, etc. Provided below is a listing recommendations suitable for each jurisdiction within this plan update to implement as appropriate. Galveston County is somewhat limited in creating and adopting rules and statutes under the Texas Constitution Article 9 - "Counties can exercise on the powers that the Constitution or statutes have conferred upon it". Galveston County will work with Texas legislature to further mitigate impacts to the unincorporated areas. Planning and Regulatory Capabilities • Jurisdictions should consider reviewing/updating all planning initiatives every five years to coincide with the update of the hazard mitigation plan. Integrating mitigation strategies and goals should be incorporated where appropriate to achieve reduction/elimination of risk to people and property. • Galveston County will coordinate a review of each participating jurisdictions COOP to ensure procedures are developed to address all hazards prone to the planning area. • Review current floodplain ordinances and consider modifying permitting and building codes. • Review current building and zoning codes to improve the quality of construction and to control development as it pertains to mitigating future impacts from hazards prone to the jurisdiction. • Establish a site plan review process for Bayou Vista, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, and La Marque. • Bayou Vista, Clear Lake Shores, Hitchcock, Jamaica Beach, La Marque, Santa Fe, and Galveston County should annually evaluate their participation in the CRS program. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 20-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f p _ Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Administrative and Technical Capabilities • Identify opportunities for increasing staff to administer/enforce regulatory and planning tasks and grant writing. • Implement training opportunities to cross -train staff as a means to ensure continuity of operations and improve daily work performance through increased understanding of the jurisdiction's area of responsibility. • Consider utilizing local high school and college students to augment city/county staff with data research and analysis. Fiscal Capabilities • Increase development of grant writer s capabilities through training programs and awareness of various funding programs and how they fit into the needs of the participating jurisdictions. This can increase the success of obtaining future grant awards and alleviating the limited budgets all jurisdictions are faced with. • Explore opportunities to combine resources with other counties, municipalities, or other I i agencies to address common needs. • Review fees and incentives for programs to fund future expansion projects. Education and Outreach Capabilities • Increase natural disaster and safety -related school programs by combining resources with all the participating jurisdictions to assist in the development and delivery of the programs. • Establish/enhance local community groups or non-profit organizations. Provide training and informational materials. 20-14 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 21.0 Mitigation Strategy The mitigation strategy section of the previously approved Galveston County 2011-2016 plan has been restructured to coordinate the information for mitigation goals, an update on the mitigation actions from previous planning cycle, and a listing of the current mitigation actions. 21.1 Update on 2011 to 2016 Mitigation Action Plans Prior to the kick off meeting, a listing of the mitigation actions identified in the previous plans for each jurisdiction were sent to their designated GCHMC member to review the progress made with their respective officials. A project status category was selected based on the following definitions: • Ongoing —Actions that are continually implemented as appropriate by the jurisdiction. • In Progress —Actions that are currently being implemented but are not yet complete. • Delayed —Actions that were not able to be implemented due to various issues such as funding constraints, lack of support, construction delays, etc. • No longer required —Actions that cannot be implemented for various reasons such as outside of their capabilities, issues no longer relevant, etc. • Completed —Actions that have been satisfied according to the description provided. The completion date is also noted. The actions categorized as ongoing, in progress, and delayed are included with details in Section 21.3 Mitigation Action Plans - 2016 to 2020. Tables 21.1 to 21.10 provide a summary by jurisdiction of the accomplishments made on the mitigation actions plans identified in the previous plan. Previous Mitigation Action Table Reference Jurisdiction Table Number Page Number Jurisdiction Galveston County 21.1 21-2 Bayou Vista 21.2 21-5 Clear Lake Shores 21.3 21-7 Fdendswood 21.4 21-9 Hitchcock 21.5 21-16 Table Page Number Number Jamaica Beach 21.6 21-19 Kemah 21.7 21-20 La Marque 21.8 21-22 Lea ue city21.9 21-24 Village 21,10 21-26 'Santa Fe was not a part of the previous Galveston County plan and therefore there are no previous mitigation actions to report on. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 'Santa Fe was not a part of the previous Galveston County plan and therefore there are no previous mitigation actions to report on. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-1 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.1: Status of Galveston County 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan o a` - a Action o` = o z < U Comment X 2011 Galv. Co (Past Action) 3: Remove exposed concrete and rebar on 60 miles of public beach Galv. Co (Past Action) 7: Implement aggressive beach X This action is outside of the authority nourishment program to address critical erosion areas of the County. Galv. Co (Past Action) 8: Elevate coastal Roadway (Hwy. X 2011 87) to ease evacuation and reduce damages Galv. Co (Past Action)11: Develop Debris Management X 2014 Plan Galv. Co (Past Action)12: Incorporate GIS System into X emergency planning and operations Galv. Co (Past Action)13: Join the Community Rating I I X I Unable to fulfill the requirements for System (CRS) participating in the CRS program Galv. Co (Past Action)14: Evaluate areas with limited X 2115 evacuation capacity and pursue improvements Galv. Co-1: Develop a comprehensive drainage plan for X 2012 unincorporated areas to mitigate flooding that occurs due to flat terrain Galv. Co-2: Conduct dune restoration projects o Bolivar X This action is outside of the authority Peninsula for CBRA and non-CBRA areas of the County. Galv. Co-3: Routinely clear debris including tree limbs X from drainage and roadside ditches deposited by weather events such as hurricane, winter storm, flood and tomado unincorporated areas of county Galv. Co 4: Determine locations of special needs X 2011 population and develop an evacuation plan for urban fire. Once plan is approved notify affected facilifies and the public of the plan process and procedures involving a disaster, unincorporated areas of county 21-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan ... Table 21.3: Status of Clear Lake Of US Mitigation Action Plan - o - O O O Z U U CLS (Past Action) 2: Implement stormwater management X practices CLS 1: Promote awareness and implement mass X Restructured under action CLS- notification system of dam flooding due to failure of flood 2016-1, gates to open - Harris County Flood Dam Gate in Seabrook, TX CLS 2: Review drought plan with local water district WCID X 12 and implement a plan to address drought CLS 3: Implement a program of mass notification in the X Wildfires are not applicable to Clear event of a Wildfire through the City's websile or telephone Lake Shores alert system. CLS 4: Educate and alert citizens on the dangers of X RR flooding. Inform residents of the benefits of the National Flood Insurance Program and purchase of flood insurance CLS 5: Repair bridge footings - Clear Lake Road Bridge X 2010 CLS 6: Purchase Storm shutters for public buildings X 2010 (community clubhouse) CLS 7: Work with the National Weather Service to X There are no schools in Clear Lake promote safety from weather related threats to local I Shores schools CLS 8: Conduct mass notification for pipeline breach or X release of hazardous materials emergencies related to in - place protection and/or evacuation CLS 9: Participate in pipeline group training pertaining to X responding to pipeline emergencies, evacuation, in -place protection of residents CLS 10: Develop a wildfire contingency plan X Wildfires are not applicable to Clear Lake Shores CLS 11: Adopt routine fire hydrant program to update or X Clear Lake Shores does not own replace old or inoperable fire hydrants any hydrants. These are maintained I by Kemah Fire Dept. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2"I-7 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan v o rn a rn d rn a m E o o z U U Commlan CLS 12: Develop mass notification system to warn X UNK Notification systems have been in citizens of threat of a severe winters storm place -date of implementation is not known. Restructured under action CLS-2016-1 to address notification procedures CLS 13: Develop and implement the Community X LINK Notification systems have been in Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS) place -date of implementation is not program to citizens, conduct meetings to explain voluntary known. Restructured under action position and sign up residents to become official CLS-2016-1 to address notification observers procedures CLS 14: Apply for grant assistance in establishing an X LINK The city has had a building inspector independent Building Inspector position — uncertain why this action was created. CLS 15: Develop mutual aid agreement with Harris X Uncertain why this action was County Flood Control to strengthen the flood gate created — not applicable operation. Hams County Flood Control gate in Seabrook, Texas CLS 16: Review current building codes and periodically X 2016 2015 IBC adopted review code and update accordingly CLS 17: Review drought plan with local water district X WCID 12 and implement a plan to address water conservation measures CLS 18: Implement a public awareness plan to address X Restructured under action CLS- extreme temperature with emphasis on health and safety 2016-1 to address notification issues for the elderly that may not have air conditioning procedures and those that work outdoors CLS 19: Work with the National Weather Service to X No Schools in Clear Lake Shores promote safety from weather related threats to local schools UNK=Unknown date 21-8 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N(arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.4: Status of On WOO Mitigation Action an o � 2 J Action o` = o z Comme F-2009.1: COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM RECERTIFICATION (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) FLOOD EVENTS- FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT • Maintain current CRS Rating of 5 X CRS Rating was downgraded in Summer of 2015 to a CRS Rating of 7. • Conduct activities to obtain CRS Rating of 4 X CRS Rating was downgraded in Summer of I I I 2015 to a CRS Rating of 7. • Review/Update city's floodplain X regulations/ordinances as appropriate. • Review/update city's Regional Drainage Plan X • Coordinate/cooperate with Harris County Flood X Control District and USACE with regard to Clear Creek Federal Flood Protection Project. • Require elevation certificates on all X construction plans submitted for development. • Maintain annual progress records of all X All RUSRL properties are maintained in a repetitive loss properties, database in-house, and verified against NFIP/FEMA records on a routine basis. • Continue adherence to the open space X requirements • Continue annual outreach projects for X structures located within the SFHA • Continue to implement the drainage system X maintenance program. • Continue to encourage residents participate in E the NFIP MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) FLOOD EVENTS - FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT • Sun Meadow Relief Storm Sewer, Phase I & II X 2005 • Mission Estates Outfall I I I X 120061 • Melody Lane/Willowick Projects, Phase II X 2006 Coordination with GCCDD (Wegner Ditch — 1 1 Tributary 2) Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan m rAnnaleaMhitehall/Kings v v N J K Action o 5 o z 0 U Park Drainage - X • Clover Acres Drainage I X 2007 • FM 518 Drainage, Phase I X 2010 • Glenshannon Drainage, Phase I X 2008 • West Shadow Bend/Woodlawn, Drainage X 2004 Phase I F40094: ELEVATION, RELOCATION & ACQUISITION DATABASE MAINTENANCE (2003 & 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) FLOOD EVENTS— FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT . Maintain Base Flood Elevations (BFE) on the X 14 properties mitigated 2013-2014 remaining 181 properties • Research funding sources to assist property X owners with elevation, relocation and/or buyout of repetitive loss properties F40094: PUBLIC WARNING SYSTEM (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) SEVERE THUNDERSTORWHAILILIGHTNING • First Call Notification System X • Harris County Neighborhood Early Warning X System (NEWS) • Friendswood Information Radio 1650 AM X • KTRH 740 AM X • TV- City of Friendswood PEG Channel 17 X • E-mail Alerts X • Outdoor Warning Siren System X • Storm Spotters X UPGRADE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) SEVERE THUNDERSTORWHAILILIGHTNING • WATER PLANT #1 - REHABILITATION X 2012 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Sandblasting & painting of both ground storage tanks ✓ Minor equipment repairs & replacement 21-10 GalvestaT County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional t. Hazard Mitigation Plan IFv 0 o. 2009-2013 CIP • WATER PLANT #2-REHABILITATION X ✓ Replacement of control room, chemical room, conversion of pumps and ground storage tank ✓ Replace all vales and piping as necessary ✓ Replace fencing surrounding the tank • WATER PLANT #5-REHABILITATION X 2013 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Replaced elevated tank & ground storage tanks with concrete tanks ✓ Installed emergency generator ✓ Increase storage capacity • WATER PLANT #6-REHABILITATION X 2014 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Installed 500,000-gallon steel water tank & new pump house ✓ Installed emergency generator • WATER WELL#7•REHABILITATION X 2014 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Replacement of control room, chemical room, conversion of pumps and ground water storage ✓ Replace all values/piping as necessary ✓ Replace existing 210,000 tank with 500,000-gallon steel unit • Purchased additional 6 MGD surface water X 2013 Cost $16,250,000 from City of Houston • Added 30 fire hydrants I I I X 2014 • Installed PVC transmission lines to replace X 2009 large sections of old water lines; strategic connections and increased certain line sizes to improve pressure and water quality DEVELOP CONTINUITY OF OPERATIONS PLANS FOR CRITICAL FACILITIES SEVERE THUNDERSTORWHAILILIGHTNING Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan o o- - E E 0 U 0 U X 2009 • Lift Station #2— Rehabilitation Project 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Replacement of control room, chemical roam, conversion of pumps & probable replacement of ground storage tank. ✓ Replacement of valves & piping as necessary ✓ Replace existing fence • Surface Water Station #2 X 2012 2009-2013 CIP ✓ Auxiliary Power supply • Blackhawk Regional Treatment Plant X I Reorganization of authority rehabilitation and generator • Installlprovide back-up generator to maintain X 2012 • 35 lift stations and 8 surface water stations operations at all city lift stations have natural gas back-up generators • Install/provide back-up generator to maintain installed* operations of water wells • CDBG funding was utilized following Hurricane Ike, 2008 . Lift station #27 and Blackhawk Regional X Pending award of funding Treatment Plant Generators CRITICAL FACILITIES PROTECTION (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) HURRICANEITROPICAL STORM • Generator installation for auxiliary power at the X 2011 1 Homeland Security Disaster Recovery Grant Public Library, City Hall and Activities Building funding utilized • Protective Window Covering (Film) for City X 2011 grant funding was utilized Hall, Public Safety Building, Library, Activities JCDBG Building, 4 Fire Stations, HURRICANE PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) 21-12 Galveston County 16a}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan J O E Action o_ S o z U y, • Design/develop a hurricane guide to include X Public education programs are offered to ✓ evacuation procedures/routes & re-entry all residents through area schools, nursing procedures utilizing the H-GAC zip -zone homes, elderly living centers, civic groups, evacuation map homeowner's associations, etc. ✓ preparing homes to vnthstand storm • Printed publications are made available at damage City Hall, Library, and Activities Building ✓ prepare a survival kit and homeowner's associations. ✓ health safety guidelines • This All be carded over to the 2009 ✓ power outages Mitigation Plan to ensure all new residents ✓ debris removal to the area have sufficient educational ✓ permitting process materials for self- protection. This action has been restructured under F- 2016-18 SHELTER -IN -PLACE PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) TORNADO . Design/develop a public awareness flyer for X This action has been restructured under F- shelter-in-place procedures 2016-18 • Schedule presentations with all critical and vulnerable facilities within the city (to include schools, day cares, nursing homes, elderly living facilities, etc.) . Distribute flyer to all residents within the city through "Focus on Friendswood° newsletter, utility billing, etc. • Post information in city PEG Channel • Pre -record messages for broadcast over Friendswood Information Radio 1650 AM • Post information on city's website CRITICAL FACILITIES PROTECTION (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) TORNADO • Auxiliary Power X 2011 Homeland Security Disaster Recovery Grant ✓ Fire Station #1 funding utilized ✓ Fire Station #2 ✓ Fire Station #3 ✓ City Hall ✓ Library `4009.4: MAJOR THOROUGHFARE PLANNING (2003 AND 2009 MITIGATION PLANS) HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Gah'eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-13 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan rn a o rn � o w 0 rn 2 a > R E E ments Brittany Bay Blvd (continuation of LC PKWY) — X Included in CIP for 2018 Phase I (east portion to SH 146) $6.5 million Brittany Bay Blvd (continuation of LC PKWY) — X Included in CIP for 2018 Phase II (west portion to Pea land PKWY) I I $6.5 million GIS MAPPING & HAZUS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS • Equipment (computers and plotters) X Unable to obtain software and maintain • Staff (salaries, benefits, etc.) I I I capabilities to operate within the city's IT protocols DEVELOP A DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN • The main emphasis of this project is to X 2010 conserve the available water supply and protect the integrity of water supply facilities, with particular regard for domestic water use, sanitation and fire protection. • Protect and preserve public health, welfare and safety and minimize the adverse impacts of water supply shortages or other water supply emergency operations. • Conserve existing water supplies. • Protect integrity of water supply facilities. . Ensure continual water supply. • Provide sufficient supply of water for emergency response usage. DEVELOP PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (2009 MITIGATION PLAN) DROUGHT PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS (PSA) Main emphasis of this project is to ensure that the citizens of Friendswood are informed of the potential danger of existing weather conditions, and to ensure they have information to protect themselves and their property. f 1 21-14 Galveston Cormty I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island .. Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional _ Hazard Mitigation Plan 0 Ensure the public is aware of the potential dangers posed by drought conditions. Ensure water conservation methodologies are available to all residential and commercial properties within the city. Ensure articles are available for publication in local newspapers, "Focus on Friendswood", PEG Channel 17, at the beginning of the summer season, and during times of extended drought conditions. Ensure residential and commercial populations are informed of drought conditions, solutions to conserve water and protect property and people. Ensure the integrity of the citl/s water supplies are maintained on a consistent basis. action has been restructured under F- • The city purchases treated water from the Cily of Houston. • The city owns and operates 2 water booster stations and 6 ground water plants. • The purchased water provides the majority of the demand and averages over 90% of the usage. • The city has purchased 12 million gallons/day I I I X 2014 JAI this capacity, this supply will serve up to surface water from the City of Houston. 57,000 people. This capacity will sustain the city to total build -out status. Review and amend, if necessary, the Water X Conservation Plan and the Storm Water Management Program. is action has been restructured under F- DEVELOP A PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (2909 MITIGATION PLAN) SUBSIDENCE • Promote community awareness of subsidence risks and effects by providing materials to property developers and home builders when building permit applications are made. . Ensure property owners are aware of changes to base flood elevations to enhance awareness to potential for Flooding. • Develop informational pamphlets to be X distributed to all property developers and home builders at the building application phase of the process During the plan review process, ensure that all X city building codes and Floodplain management regulations are adhered to by the action has been restructured under F- i-18 Galveston Comity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 21-15 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I LeagueCity (Santa Fe ITiki Island f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional L�— Hazard Mitigation Plan 0 o o o: 0 Comments • Increase awareness of the history of X subsidence in the area. • Increase awareness and knowledge of the necessity to changes in base flood elevation requirements. • Minimize effects from flooding hazards. WINTER STORM PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (2009 MITIGATION PLAN) • Develop informational materials for use on X This action has been restructured under F- citys local PEG Channel to inform the public of 2016-18 predicted temperature fluctuations; the importance protecting outside pipes from cold temperatures; and the need to bring pets indoors out of the inclement weather. • Develop PSA to be utilized on the following X modes of transmission ✓ 1650 AM Radio Station ✓ Cily's mass email system ✓ City's website ✓ Facebook ✓ Twitter 21-16 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional a Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.5: Status of Hitchcock 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan k � 0 v � O o 0 0 J n n O � W 0 2 U U Omm H (Past Action)1: Purchase fire water truck (2500 gallon) X 2015 H (Past Action) 2: Address poor drainage on Lexington X Delayed due to lack of funding Drive H (Past Action) 3: Address poor drainage on Concord X Delayed due to lack of funding Drive H (Past Action) 4: Address poor drainage on Lincoln Drive X Delayed due to lack of funding H (Past Action) 5: Address poor drainage on Willow Drive X Delayed due to lack of funding H (Past Action) 6: Address poor drainage on X Delayed due to lack of funding Meadowplace Drive H (Past Action) 7: Address poor drainage on Tacguard X I I Delayed due to lack of funding Drive H (Past Action) 8: Address poor drainage on Barry Street X I I Delayed due to lack of funding H (Past Action) 9: Address poor drainage on Woodacres X Delayed due to lack of funding Drive H (Past Action)10: Address poor drainage on Buins St X H (Past Action)11: Address poor drainage on Jay Road X H (Past Action)12: Address poor drainage on Hacker Rd X I I Delayed due to lack of funding H (Past Action)13: Address poor drainage on Gulf Street X 2015 H (Past Action)14: Address poor drainage on Florida St X 2015 H (Past Action)15: Address poor drainage on Washington I I X 2015 Street H (Past Action)16: Address poor drainage on Stewart X Delayed due to lack of funding Road H (Past Action)17: Address poor drainage on Mills Street I I X 2015 H (Past Action)18: Address poor drainage on Hawthorne X Delayed due to lack of funding Street H (Past Action)19: Address poor drainage on Smith Drive I I X 2015 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I TI-17 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki island ji bb A i Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan o a v a H (Past Action) 20: Address poor drainage on Belring Rd X Delayed due to lack of funding H 1: Implement public awareness program to residents X Program not implemented due to regarding mitigating flooding and drainage issues with lack of understanding what is various methods such as curbside planting, elevating required. This action will be modified structures, and disseminate NFIP information regarding to address all hazards under action purchase of flood insurance. H-2011-1. H 2: Develop and implement a program to routinely check X and maintain fire hydrants H 3: Extend water and sewer lines to septic and well water X customers not currently on City system, thus reducing high use of septic systems in use. H 4: Install gate valves and boxes on the water mains. X LINK Uncertain when the city completed Lines are susceptible to various hazards and extreme the installation of gate values and temperatures boxes. H 5: Provide and distribute safety procedures to builders X City does not have the expertise to and developers to require adequate building setbacks provide information regarding this from natural gas pipelines action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action H-2011-1. H 6: Educate the public about hazardous materials and X City does not have the expertise to waste, pipeline dangers provide information regarding this action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action H-2011-1. H 7: Remove downed trees and brush that pose increase X Combine with Hitchcock 8 under fire risk throughout city. action H-2011-8 H 8: Implement a tree trimming program that clears tree X limbs from public right of ways. H 9: Purchase NOAA "all hazard" Radios for early warning X The city does not have the financial and post -event weather information for residents resources to purchase radios for their residents H 10: Purchase and install emergency power generators X Delayed due to lack of funding. and connections equipment at critical sanitary sewer lift station sites H 11: Implement storm sewer system improvement X projects to mitigate flooding 21-18 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsrovood Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional =f _ Hazard Mitigation Plan 7�u 0 At oa rn a O E U X H 12: Educate residents regarding benefits of City does not have the expertise to xerogardening and xeriscaping provide information regarding this action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action H-2011-1. H 13: Upgrade water and sanitary sewer distribution and X collection system infrastructure where needed, include backfiow prevention valves where feasible H 14: Develop and implement a program to routinely X Duplicate action — addressed under check and maintain fire hydrants H-2011-2 H 15: Implement a tree trimming program that clears tree X Duplicate action — addressed under limbs from public right of ways H-2011-8 H 16: Purchase NOAA "all hazard" Radios for early X The city does not have the financial warning and post -event weather information for residents resources to purchase radios for their residents H 17: Educate residents and businesses about benefits of X City does not have the expertise to xeriscaping through a public awareness campaign provide information regarding this action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action H-2011-1, H 18: Increase native canopy by tree planting in public X This action is not realistic for the dght of way to reduce urban heat levels community to complete H 19: Evaluate, design, and implement hardening designs X to protect critical facilities and critical infrastructure during disasters H 20: Conduct a fire safety and prevention program X City does not have the expertise to provide information regarding this action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action H-2011-1, H 21: Implement a public outreach program designed to X City does not have the expertise to educate the public about availability and benefits of NFIP provide information regarding this flood insurance action. Appropriate education and outreach efforts for this action will be included under action 11-2011-1. UINK =Unknown Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendstvood I Hitchcock I 21-19 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional % 22 Vrlj --- W azard Mitigation Plan Table 21.6: Status of Jamaica Beach 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan v v v L 0 j Obh O E O Z 0 O 0 O Co JB (Past Action)1: Implement beach and dune restoration X program JB (Past Action) 3: Join the Community Rating System X JB (Past Action) 4: Conduct annual hurricane town hall X meeting JB 1: Conduct routine hydrant maintenance X JB 2: Develop system to maintain records of Elevation X Certificates JB 3: Become a National Weather Service (NWS) "Storm X 2013 Ready' Community JB 4: Establish pre -disaster debris management contracts X 2015 JB 5: Prepare a Drought and Extreme Heat Contingency X Plan JB 6: Form Mutual Aid Agreement with the City of Texas X 2013 A Mutual Aid Agreement was City in the event of Pipeline Failure or Hazardous Material executed with Galveston County Release I rather than Texas City JB 7: Construct a retaining wall around the sewer plant to X 2014 protect the facility from surge during coastal flood events JB 8: Provide NOAA Weather Radios for Police and Fire X 2013 Departments JB 9: Provide larger size generator for City Hall Building X 2013 21-20 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I ) Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island -s� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.7: Status o(Kernah 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan Galveston County 0 K (Past Action)1: Initiate outreach campaign promoting X the purchase of flood insurance and lightning arrestors K (Past Action) 2: Develop severe weather audio alert X Pending funding and support system. K (Past Action) 3: Implement storm sewer system re- X X engineering and follow-up construction project to mitigate flood -related impacts. K (Past Action) 4: Develop city ordinance requiring the X Pending support to develop incorporation of wind resistant construction provisions and ordinance enforcement measures in the city building code. K (Past Action) 5: Develop city ordinance establishing X water use regulations during drought. K 1: Participate in National Weather Service tornado drills X X along with elementary school in jurisdiction K 2: Develop procedures for mass notification of citizens X 2113 and merchants of Writer storms possibilities K 3: Develop procedures for making mass notifications to 2013 citizens and merchants in the event of a fuel pipeline breach or hazardous material spill or release from a transporter or fixed site K 4: Participate in Pipeline Group training and annual 2015 community meetings K 5: Review and revise existing building codes to include X X 2014 more stringent measures such as roof shingles that reduce the effect of hail greater than 1" in diameter; maintain and adopt updates from International Code Congress K 6: Seek grant funding adding a full-time building X unable to support inspector position to support stronger ordinances and building codes that are proposed K 7: Develop procedures for making mass notifications to X 2013 citizens and merchants during times of drought, conditions of extreme temperatures and urban and wildland fire. Post same information on City website at www.kemah-tx.gov I [3ayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-21 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I LeagueCity ISanta Fe ITiki Island f p i Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan o v 0 o ao m J E � _ o`=oz0 ment K 8: Review, participate and implement any updates for drought contingency plans as developed by the WCID# 12 K 9: Develop awareness of potential impact to community 2013 as result of failure of function of flood gates at Second Cut -1900 Shipyard Drive (intersection of Highway 146 and Shipyard Drive) K 10: Develop program to integrate with the Harris County X X Pending support Flood Control District for the purpose of optimizing the operation of the Flood gates at second cut outlet -1900 Shipyard Drive (intersection of Highway 146 and Shipyard Drive) K 11a: Review and update if necessary flood plain X X ordinance to ensure compliance with minimum standards of NAP K 11b: Alert community about dangers of flooding, NFIP 2013 compliance, and importance of purchasing Flood insurance to protect property K 12: Seek Community Development Block Grant funding 2014 for repairs to, modification of, or relocation of Flood water lift station destroyed by Hurricane Ike on September 13,2008 100 Second Street K 13: Develop maintenance and Flow testing program for X fire hydrants in jurisdiction K 14: Develop and implement program for hardening X X existing public buildings from winter storm —1401 State Hwy 146 (city hall), 800 Hams (community center) 602 Bradford (visitor center) K 15: Educate residents regarding benefits of X xerogardening and xeriscaping K 16: Become a National Weather Service (NWS) "Storm t2014 Ready"Community 21-22 Galveston County Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.8: Sfatus of La Marque 2011-2016 Mitigation Action an IMFo Action Comment LM (Past Action) 2: Implement drainage projects that X Deferred pending funding support low maintenance and cleaning of drainage ditches. LM (Past Action) 4: Install new 12" —10" and 8" water line X 2013 and ten (10) additional fire hydrants LM (Past Action) 6: Purchase a rescue pumper truck for X 2011 Main Station LM (Past Action) 7: Build new west side fire station X Duplicate action LM 1: Purchase and install a freshwater supply backflow X 2012 preventer for ground water system - The City of La Marque's main connection to the Gulf Coast Water Authority located at Orchid Drive and 5th Ave, Texas City LM 2: Purchase and Install Storm Shutters for Fire Station X Deferred pending funding Entry Way-1109-A Bayou Road LM 3: Purchase new Fire Station Doors for Apparatus X Deferred pending funding Bays -1109-A Bayou Road LM 4: Purchase and install two 350 KV generators at the X 2012 Sewer Treatment Plant. 2701 B Woodland Drive LM 5: Purchase new generator for Fire Station and City X 2012 Hall LM 6: Purchase New Rescue Pumper for Fire Station X Deferred due to lack of funding LM 7: Build a Westside Public Safety Complex X Deferred pending funding LM 8: Replace two generators at the fresh water well in X 2115 order to support our emergency operations. 4319 Kirby, and 2102 Magnolia LM 9: Purchase Generator for the Public Works Facility, X Deferred pending grant funding LM 10: Update the City of La Marque's Emergency X 2015 Communications System: Federal Mandated (700MHZ) System by 2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 2'1-23 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan a Action 0` = o z Comment LM 11: Construct safe room shelter at emergency X Deferred pending grant funding operations command center to house local residents; shelter could be used for multiple purposes during non - emergency events LM 12: Build new roads to accommodate evacuations and X Deferred pending grant funding reduce congestion at the intersections cited - Off IH-45 Feeder Road on La Marque7rexas City line. Start road on city line and continue past Gulf Greyhound Park and tie into FM 2004 LM 13: Install generators for Wastewater Lift stations X located around the city LM 14: Construct a storm water retention area on the east X Deferred pending funding side of the City - The location of this detention area is located in close proximity to FM 1765 and SH 146 LM 15: Increase the height of the existing Levee wall X Deferred pending funding system to withstand a Category 5 storm surge. The South side of La Marque and through Texas City LM 16: Purchase 100' Aluminum Aerial platform fire X Deferred pending grant or bond apparatus for residential and commercial structure fire funding rescues. Central fire station LM 17: Build public service facility X Deferred pending grant or bond funding LM 18: Remove downed trees and brush that pose X I ncrease fire risk throughout the City. LM 19: Disseminate Texas Forest Service and other X information to the public on minimizing damage from drought by xeriscape landscaping plants, and fire buffers surrounding structures. 21-24 Galveston County I Bayou Vista f I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I p Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marctue I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.9: Sfafus of League City 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan Galveston 0 p Q `o LL Action 401111 X owl Pending funding LC (Past Action)-1: Storm drainage improvement LC (Past Action)- 2: Coryell Street drainage X 2011 LC (Past Action)-3: Highland Terrace drainage X Pending funding LC (Past Action)-4: Kansas Street drainage X Pending funding LC (Past Action)-5: Robinson Bayou Bank stabilization X 2013 LC (Past Action)-6: Shellside detention X LC (Past Action)-7: Develop a stormwater and master X 2011 drainage plan update LC (Past Action)-8: Clear Creek Heights Drainage X 2014 LC (Past Action)-9: Develop and manage a repetitive flood X loss database LC (Past Action)-10: Weather station with the capability to X 2013 monitor creek levels LC (Past Action)-11: Develop a 800dplain management X 2012 plan LC (Past Action)-12: Critical facilities protection X 2012 emergency backup power LC (Past Action)-13: Emergency power Clear Creek X League City no longer uses these Independent School District's kitchen facilities schools as a shelter location LC (Past Action)-14: Critical facilities protection window X 2011 Protective film installed on 12 city protection buildings LC (Past Action)-15: Public education campaign - tornado X Pending funding to develop program LC (Past Action)-16: Public education campaign — X 2013 lightning safety LC (Past Action)-17: Critical Infrastructure Protection X New public safety building is Install Lightning/Surge Protection Equipment at City equipped with physical and electrical Buildings lightning and surge protection LC (Past Action)-18: Public safely campaign —extreme X 2013 heat County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 27-25 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cily I Santa Fe ITiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan rn a H o p =AN c) Comment i LC (Past Action)-19: Develop a cooling station location X Unnecessary as public buildings and implementation plan — extreme heat such as civic center are available during normal business hours LC (Past Action)-20: Public education campaign water X 2012 conservation LC (Past Action)-21: Firefighting equipment— assist the X This action is no longer a priority. fire department with pursing grants LC (Past Action)-22: Homeowner mitigation incentive X Pending funding campaign (Past Action)-23: Update mitigation plan to include rpipeline X and hazardous material incidents 21-26 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.10: Status of Tiki Island 2011-2016 Mitigation Action Plan o � 0 rn a E E Action C) E a z ei c i Comment TK 1: Plan and construct emergency water well for backup 2014 water supply. Construct necessary reverse osmosis equipment, delivery system, backup generator, switchgear, fuel supply, and security fencing. Well location: 400 Jones Lake Rd TK 2: Implement water conservation awareness campaign X at Citywide Fourth of July picnic and other local activities.) TK 3: Expand and harden Public Safety building to: X 2009 • Withstand 150 MPH hurricane winds • Provide public shelter for citizens in aftermath of disaster • Elevate storage above flood elevation • Store emergency supplies • Provide base of operations for recovery effort TK 4: Purchase generator for backup power to Public X 2012 Safety building TK 5: Elevate 11 wastewater lift stations and provide backup power TK 6: Elevate Water Plant lab building and storage I I X 2011 TK 7: Elevate Water Plant lab building and storage I I X 2010 TK 8: Purchase new Emergency Notification System X Funding Needed TK 9: Replace the Tiki Drive bridge with an improved, X CDBG funding needed hardened bridge to withstand storm surge and debris. 300 to 400 Tiki Drive TK 10: Become a NOAA "Storm Ready' community X Funding needed TK 11: Improve NFIP CRS rating above current class 8 X TK 12: Increase native canopy by tree planting in public X 2014 right of way to reduce urban heat levels TK 13: Implement a tree trimming program that clears tree X Funding needed limbs from public right of ways. TK 14: Conduct a fire safety and prevention program X I IFunding needed Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-27 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki island b Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 21.2 Mitigation Goals and Objectives Goals and objectives from the previous FEMA-approved plans (Galveston County 2011-2016, Friendswood 2015, and League City 2009) were reviewed by each jurisdiction during planning sessions held the week of January 5-7, 2016 (see section 2 for details). In an effort to streamline the goals and objectives between the three planning initiatives, the planning consultants looked for common themes to develop proposed goals and objectives to meet the participating jurisdictions going forward. A detailed crosswalk of the previous goals and objectives and how they aligned to the approved multi -jurisdictional goals and objectives is provided in Appendix G. Each of the 2016- 2020 mitigation actions references which of the mitigation goals and objectives they address. The following goals and objectives were adopted: Goal1: Minimize loss of life, injury, damage to property, the economy, and natural systems • Objective 1.1: Protect the life, health and safety of residents • Objective 1.2; Protect existing/new critical facilities and infrastructure • Objective 1.3: Provide protection for future/existing developments � � • Objective 1.4: Provide backup power to critical facilities/infrastructure • Objective 1.5: Minimize impacts from all hazards Goa12: Maintain and enhance emergency management/mitigation capabilities • Objective 2.1: Update/develop plans, studies, and mapping for all hazards • Objective 2.2: Incorporate/improve hazard mitigation strategies into ordinances, plans and polices • Objective 2.3: Conduct/develop drills/training for all hazards • Objective 2.4: Implement and maintain the Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan • Objective 2.5: Participate in programs that promote hazard mitigation strategies • Objective 2.6: Build, obtain, and maintain critical facilities and equipment Goa13: Maintain public education and awareness activities • Objective 3.1: Expand Public Outreach Campaigns for all hazards • Objective 3.2: Promote disaster preparedness planning for families 21-28 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 21.3 Mitigation Action Plans 2016 to 2020 Once the completed or no longer relevant actions were removed from each jurisdictions mitigation action plan, the planning team began working with the Steering Committee to document those actions moving forward with an analysis of the progress made over the past five years. Each jurisdiction also identified new actions based on their current capabilities and needs. Establishing Priorities As discussed in Section 2 (Planning Process), a mitigation strategy workshop was held with each jurisdiction the week of January 5-7, 2016 to finalize the 2016-2020 mitigation action plans. At these workshops, jurisdictions and stakeholders completed a final review of the actions and considered the cost benefit of each to determine if the project makes sense for the overall good of their community. At this point, the costs and benefits were analyzed on a general level and all projects were considered valuable, viable, and beneficial in consideration of the quantitative and qualitative mitigation benefits versus the cost. Actual and estimated costs are included in the individual mitigation action tables found in Tables 21.12 to 21.22. A full Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) will be conducted as projects become eligible for funding. The workshop participants confirmed no changes in their jurisdictions priorities for mitigation planning and their focus remains on reducing or eliminating losses from future impacts. They conducted a prioritization process based on FEMA's Mitigation Action Evaluation Worksheet 6.1 provided in the Local Mitigation Planning Handbook (March 2013) for each mitigation action moving forward in this plan update. The evaluation system utilized the following ranking scale for each of the criteria defined by FEMA. Rankinp Scale: 1=Highly effective or feasible 0 =Neutral -1=Ineffective or not feasible Evaluation Criteria: Life Safety — How effective will the action be at protecting lives and preventing injuries? Property Protection — How significant will the action be at eliminating or reducing damage to structures and infrastructure? Technical — Is the mitigation action technically feasible? Is it a long-term solution? Eliminate actions that, from a technical standpoint, will not meet the goals. Political — Is there overall public support for the mitigation action? Is there the political will to support it? Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-29 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 'I Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Leeal —Does the community have the authority to implement the action? Environmental —What are the potential environmental impacts of the action? Will it comply with environmental regulations? Social —Will the proposed action adversely affect one segment of the population? Will the action disrupt established neighborhoods, break up voting districts, or cause the relocation of lower income people? Administrative —Does the community have the personnel and administrative capabilities to implement the action and maintain it or will outside help be necessary? Local Champion — Is there a strong advocate for the action or project among local departments and agencies that will support the actions' implementation? Other Community Obiectives —Does the action advance other community objectives, such as capital improvements, economic development, environmental quality, or open space preservation? Does it support the policies of the comprehensive plan? Scoring: � > The total points scored on each mitigation action per the evaluation criteria listed above was then J placed into a high, moderate, and low priority as defined below: High Priority =10 to 4 Moderate Priority = 3 to -3 Low Priority = -4 to -10 Defining Hazard Type and Mitigation Strategy Group Each mitigation action was identified for the natural hazard it addresses, using multi -hazard approaches where practical, and determining which mitigation strategy group as defined below. Prevention: Government, administrative, and regulatory actions or processes influencing the way an and buildings are developed and built. These actions also include public activities to reduce hazard losses. Examples include planning and zoning, building codes, capital improvement programs, open space preservation, and storm water management regulations. Property Protection: Actions involving the modification of existing buildings or infrastructure to protect them from a hazard or remove them from the hazard area. Examples include acquisition, elevation, relocation, structural retrofits, flood proofing, storm shutters, and shatter -resistant glass. Public Education and Awareness: Actions that inform and educate citizens, elected officials, and property owners about potential risks from hazards and potential ways to mitigate these risks. 21-30 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Actions include outreach projects, real estate disclosure, hazard information centers, and school -age and adult education programs. Natural Resource Protection: Actions that not only minimize hazard losses but also preserve or restore the functions of natural systems. These actions include sediment and erosion control, stream corridor restoration, watershed management, forest and vegetation management, and wetland restoration and preservation. Emergency Services: Actions protecting people before, during, and after a hazard event. Administrative and emergency operations offices that provide critical and vital services, coordinate warnings, responses, and recovery from a disaster are identified. Actions include protection of warning system capabilities, protection or hardening of critical facilities, protection of infrastructure needed for emergency response and training. Structural Projects: Actions involving the construction of structures to reduce the impact of a hazard include storm water controls (e.g. culverts, floodwalls, seawalls, retaining walls, and safe rooms). Technical Assistant Projects: Actions that involve required support/education from federal, state and local agencies, data collection for GIS mapping, utilization of technology, and upgrades as products are developed. Mitigation Action Plans - 2016 to 2020 As previously stated, the mitigation actions not completed from the previous plan were assessed against the current needs to reduce and/or eliminate risk, improve outreach efforts, and participation in various programs that promote mitigation strategies. Through the development of this plan update, the planning team and officials in each participating jurisdiction assembled to discuss their known risks to determine a minimum of two gation actions for each hazard prone to them (Table 21.11). Table 21.11: Hazards Selected by Jurisdictions to Develop Mitigation Actions Gaheston County 16ayo❑ Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsuvood I Hitchcock I 21-31 Jamaica Beach I ICemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Extreme Heat X X X X X X X X X X X Tornado X X X X X X X X X X X Windstorm X X X X X X X X X X X Hailstorm X X X X X X X X X X X Lightning X X X X X X X X X X X Severe Winter Storm X X X X X X X X X X Drought X X X X X X X X X X Tsunami X X X X X Wildfire (Urban and Rural) X X X X X X X Coastal Erosion and Retreat X X X X X X Land Subsidence X X X X X Expansive Soils X X X X Dam/Levee Failure X X X X A revised numbering system, which includes the plan year an action was identified, was also developed to improve tracking of the progress made on actions for years to come. In addition, the details for each mitigation action were reviewed and modified to reflect pertinent information that will assist the jurisdictions in tracking the progress of actions going forward. A multi -hazard approach was utilized to streamline public education/outreach and property protection strategies where appropriate. Tables 21.12 to 20.22 are provided by jurisdiction for the mitigation actions they desire to mplement as funding and opportunities arise. 2016— 2020 Mitigation Action Table Reference Jurisdiction Table Number Page Number Jurisdiction Number 27-32 Galveston County 16eyo❑ Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friends wood I I-litchcock I Jamaica beach I Kemah I La bfarque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island AV Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.12: Galveston County 2016.2020 Mitigation Action Plan 212.1 Mitigation Goal/Objective: Site and Location: Countywide Background/Next Steps: The County will identify areas prone to unstable soils, flooding, inundation areas of dam/levee breach, and erosion in a GIS database to monitor the use of mitigation techniques employed during construction, disturbance of ground activities, and previous mining or geologically unstable areas. The database will also identify vulnerable structures and populations affected by high wind, storm surge, severe storms, drought, and wildfire to improve awareness of county officials of areas in need of mitigation education and outreach programs. Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Technical Assistance Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Local General Funds, HMGP, PDM Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: Upon plan approval to 2020 2010 - This project will be deferred. The County recently hired GIS personnel and will continue to move forward with this initiative. County will continue to seek grant funding for this initiative. 2016 - The County received GIS capabilities in 2014 and is in the process of incorporating GIS into applicable emergency management planning and operations. r Mitigation GoallObjective: 111.5 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of County Background/Next Steps: Trees and other vegetation can encroach overhead power lines, drainage systems, and road ways. Keep areas of concern free of unnecessary debris. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tsunami, Flooding, Tornado, Windstomi, Hailstorm, Lightning, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff time Potential Funding Sources: General fund Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-33 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island FO Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I Road and Bridge Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 GC r Develop Mitigation GoallObjective: 3/3,1 00000 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of the County BackgroundlNext Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area, Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient, Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, include potential subsidence in freeboard calculations in Flood -prone areas, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc,); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like, Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $110,000 annually Potential Funding Sources: Grants/General Fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM and applicable county departments, and state and federal agencies Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-34 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2, Two 150 KW 3 phase units Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Dam/Levee Failure, Extreme Heat Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: 1 $12140,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grants/Emergency State funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Bayview MUD Board of Directors Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r improve the current levee system to provide protection from a Category 5 storm Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location: Galveston County, Texas City and La Marque area levee Background/Next Steps: Reduce potential flooding of existing structures. The current levee is designed to protect residents and industrial structures only to Category 3 or 4 hurricanes which will not provide the best possible protection from storm surge. Inspections have been completed (2012) but specific projects will need to be prioritized, scoped, and funded before implementation can begin. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding, Tsunami, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: Millions of dollars Potential Funding Sources: Funding source dependent on project scope Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: I Engineering Timeframe for Completion: I Upon approval for funding to 2020 Analysi 2016 - Inspection of the levee system was completed in 2012. Projects will be developed/scoped and implemented as funding becomes available. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-35 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $35,000 each Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, general fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM and applicable jurisdictions Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval for funding to 2020 i Mitigation Goal/Objective VI,2 Site and Location: County -owned properties and unincorporated areas Background/Next Steps: New construction and existing critical facilities and infrastructure should include advanced mitigation techniques. Measures include, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high viind doors and windows, electrical surge protection, stabilization of soils, include potential subsidence in freeboard calculations in flood -prone areas, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanerrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown, dependent upon facility type Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, CDBG, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: County Administration Timeframe for Completion: I Upon approval for funding to 2020 i Mitigation GoallObjective 111.5 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of the County Background/Next Steps: Detention ponds can be a solution for addressing flood impacts. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds, private funds Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: Engineering coordinate with developers Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval to 2020 21-36 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island oo Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' Hazard Mitigation Plan GC 20164 Secure generators for existing MitigationGoal/Objective and new critical facilities and infrastructure 1/11A Site and Location: Countywide Background/Next Steps: Generators are essential for providing continual operations in the event of a disaster. As funding becomes available, the county will apply for grants to install/upgrade generators to support existing or new facilitiesfinfrastruclure. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval for funding to 2020 r (RFCISRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 212.5 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of the county — see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/tropical Storm, Tsunami, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGPIFMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GEOEM Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-37 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I IxagueCity ISanta Fe ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan GC r Develop 2/2.1 Mitigation GoallObjective Site and Location: Coun"cle Background/Next Steps: Preparing for all hazards requires planning and coordinating for preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery procedures. Review planning needs annually to include, but not be limited to, CEMP, debris management, stormwater management, master plan, drainage, drought, GIS mapping, complete study to locale areas prone to expansive soils and land subsidence, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanefrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds, Homeland Security, HMGP Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM Timeframe for Completion: 2016 to 2020 r Mitigation GoaliObjective 1/1.5 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of the county Background/Next Steps: The drainage systems and culverts throughout the county are frequently impacted by flood and severe weather events. Coordinate efforts with water district to widen drainage systems and increase culvert size to accommodate I ncreased water flows. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Severe Winter Weather, Hunicanerrropical Storm, Tsunami, Tornado, Windstorm, Flooding, Coastal Erosion and Retreat. Darn/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, HMGP, Developers Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: Engineering and applicable jurisdictions and water district Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 21-38 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsm�ood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` a Hazard Mitigation Plan GC 2016,8: Install lightning grounding systems Mitigation Goal/Objective and protection devices on critical facilitieslinfrastructure 111.2 Site and Location: County -owned facilities and infrastructure Background/Next Steps: Lightning strikes can create outages to essential water and sewer services as well as invite unnecessary damage to critical facilities. Developfimplement a program to establish lightning grounding systems on critical water and sewer system elements and other facilities prone to strikes. Hazard(s) Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Engineering Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.2 Site and Location: Unincorporated areas of the county Background/Next Steps: Regulations and permit requirements are in place to guide the development and enforcement of construction standards and land uses. Update and/or develop as required to address all hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurricaneRropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2]-39 , Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki /stand Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan GC 2016*10: Construct High Island Community Mitigation Goal/Objective: Shelter 111.2 Site and Location: Unincorporated communities of Crystal Beach and High Island Background/Next Steps: High Island does not have a community shelter to provide residents with a safe place to go for protection against hazard events. The community shelter will serve as a cooling/heating station in the event of power outages, protection from severe storms, hurricane/tropical storms, flooding, etc. Hazard(a)Addressed: Hurricanerrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $3 million per structure Potential Funding Sources: Grants (CDBG, FEMA PA, HMGP) Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM Timeframe for Completion: 2016 to 2017 Mitigation Goal/Objective 111.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1! 1.5 Background/Next Steps: Review the findings of a potential breach to the dam/levee system and developfmplement mitigation actions as applicable to address location, extent and impact. 7 Hazards) Addressed: Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2018-2020 21-40 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League Cit}' I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.13: Bayou Vista 2016.2020 Mitigation Action Plan rr, I. . Mitigation Goal/Objective: 3/3.1 Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurricaneffropicat Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5,000, Staff time and resources Potential Funding Sources: General funds, HMGP, Homeland Security Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Bayou Vista Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010-This project is currently underway and will be deferred 2016- The city develops and provides information on hazard preparedness, mitigation, recovery, and response efforts on their website, at town meetings/events. Gelreston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-41 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island j p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre - Disaster Mitigation Grant Program,406 Public Assistance Program(following federal disaster declaration), Us Army Corps of Engineers -Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service -Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board(Development Fund II) -Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA-Nonpoinl Source Grant Program Lead AgencylDeparlmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016 to 2020 Analys 2016 - Funding is required i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1,5 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Routinely cleaning and repairing stormwaler drains can help avoid unnoticed clogs that may hamper the efficiency of the stormwater system. Insuring that flow paths will have the capacity to convey storm- event flood water volumes will reduce damages. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Severe Winter Weather, Hurdcane/Tropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $25,000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, HMGP, PDM Grant Program,406 Public Assistance Program (following federal disaster declaration), USACE-Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board(Development Fund II) -Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service -Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA-Nonpoint Source Grant Program Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-42 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Develop Master Drainage requirements Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.1 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: A master drainage plan will be a comprehensive document that correlates future and existing land use and flood/storm water drainage needs into one plan. The plan will also identify projects needed to reduce flooding impacts and establish priorities for funding requests and implementation. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding, Dam/Levee Failure, Tornado, Windstorm, Hurricane/Tropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1003000 Potential Funding Sources: General Funds, Office of Rural Community Affairs, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre -Disaster Mitigation Grant Program, Us Army Corps of Engineers -Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service -Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board(Development Fund II) -Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA-Nonpoint Source Grant Program, Texas Water Development Board- Research and Planning Fund Grants, Pre Disaster Mitigation Grant Program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval of funding to 2020 2016 - Funding is required r Mitigation GoaUObjeclive: 111.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Inadequate and damaged storm sewers are problematic during natural disasters and severe weather events and need to be upgraded. Repairing/upgrading storm sewers to accommodate increase in flow will reduce the risk of flooding to new and existing buildings. Improvements may include increasing drainage or absorption capacities with detention and retention basins, relief drains, re-routing or increasing capacity, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $4,0003000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Local Funds, US Army Corps of Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-43 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Engineers -Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service- Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board -Clean Water State Revolving Fund, Texas Water Development Board (Development Fund II) -Texas Eater Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA -Non -point Source Grant Program, 406 Public Assistance Program (following federal disaster declaration), HMGP, PDM Grant Program (FEMA) Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Ana ys s 2016 - Funding is required r Mitigation GoatfObjeclive: 111.1 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Although the county receives 50 inches of rain annually, long periods between rains can occur. Drought is not a great threat to the area; however, implementing water conservation measures will increase reserves. Extreme temperatures can occur in conjunction with drought thereby increasing the necessity of having an available reserve. Hazard(s) Addressed: Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $5,000 Potential Funding Sources: Local funds, Water Resources, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality -Texas Clean Rivers Program, Texas Water Development Board Research and Planning Fund -Research and Planning Fund Grants, USDA National Resource Conservation Service- Watershed Surveys and Planning, USDA National Resources Conservation Service -Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, Army Corps of Engineers - Planning Assistance to Stales Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-44 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I I-litchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan waterbome pollution will travel. Furthermore, oxygen is removed from water in the breakdown process thereby opening up the potential for mass fish kills in poorly circulated canal system. Human health is then put at risk. Implement plan to remove debris throughout the canal system. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5,000 Administration Costs Potential Funding Sources: General funds, HMGP, PDM Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r �- reducing access in canals Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.1 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Sedimentation of manmade canals occurs with water low; water moving at higher velocities will have more sediment entrained than a slower mass of water. Sediment is deposited when and where the water slows. Flow is slowed in dead-end canals and sedimentation occurs. Sedimentation reduces the capacity for flood water and leaves an area more vulnerable to damage of high wind and rain during storm events. Develop and implement a canal dredging program. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $200,000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre - Disaster Mitigation Grant Program,406 Public Assistance Program(following federal disaster declaration), Us Army Corps of Engineers -Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service -Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board(Development Fund II) -Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA -Non -point Source Grant Program Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for on: 2016-2020 2016 — Funding ®required Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I TT-45 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Ntarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island & Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan BV,201 I a13: Repair, upgrade or rep I ace water and sewer in frastructurefor 175 connections Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Original Bayou Vista area Background/Next Steps: In past disaster events, emergency repair of connections post- disaster was costly and delayed water and sewer repairs and service. Many connectors were in need of replacement, repair, or upgrade. Ensuring that all connections are in working order by repairing, upgrading, or replacing connection as needed prior to events will reduce damages such as sewage backflow and be cost effective by reducing manpower and emergency repairs post disaster. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Drought, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $750,000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre - Disaster Mitigation Grant Program,406 Public Assistance Program(following federal disaster declaration), Us Army Corps of Engineers -Small Flood Control Projects, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service -Emergency Watershed Protection Agency, Texas Water Development Board(Development Fund II) -Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service - Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA -Non -point Source Grant Program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016. Funding is required r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Bayou Vista can experience drought albeit infrequent. Temperatures can exceed 100* F for consecutive days in the summer months. Provide mitigation techniques such as incorporating drought tolerant or xeriscape protection, use of permeable driveways and surfaces to reduce runoff and promote groundwater recharge, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $2,000 + Staff time 2146 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 'f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional (..r Hazard Mitigation Plan Potential Funding Sources: General fund, Water Resources, Texas Water Development Board, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.2 Site and Location Wastewater Treatment Plant, 3031 Highway 6 BackgroundlNexl Steps: Severe storms cause damages to components of wastewater treatment plant. Clarifier will protect mechanisms in treatment facilities, thus allowing continuation of operation and ongoing availability of utilities for customers. Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurricanefrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $40,000 Potential Funding Sources: Pre -Disaster Mitigation Grant Program, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: Upon approved funding to 2020 Analysis 2016 - Funding is required i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.6 Site and Location Wastewater Treatment Plant, 3031 Highway 6 Background/Next Steps: Back flows and bacterial contamination occur due to system not being shut down during fire or other weather events. Continuous flushing is unnecessary and wasteful. Multiple hazards can make shutting the water and sewer system down necessary in order to avoid contamination of the system or a loss of pressure system wide from breakage at a distribution point. Hazard(s) Addressed: Humcane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1,000+OperalorTime Potential Funding Sources: General Funds, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre- Disaster Mitigation Grant Program Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: Continuous action Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-47 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan BV40111149: Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Wastewater Treatment Plant, 3031 Highway 6 Background/Next Steps: Freeze events are problematic to the water treatment plan when extreme temperature and freezing occurs. Winterizing the water system will insure the city residents, schools, and businesses do not have to close due to frozen water systems. Hazard(s) Addressed: Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $52000 Potential Funding Sources: General funds, Pre -Disaster Mitigation Grant Program Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD#12 Timeframe for Completion: Continuous action r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Implement dry Floodproofing techniques such as strengthening walls, sealing openings, use of waterproof compounds or plastic for protection. Elevate, retrofit structures and utilities, install slormwater pumping stations, bank stabilization techniques, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanelfropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heal, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds, FEMA- Emergency Management Performance Grants, FEMA-All Hazards Operational Planning, F Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Galveston County MUD #12 Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 2016 - Funding is required 21-45 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friends wood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach 11<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa C•'e I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan BV2016,1: Purchaseand install severe weather warning systems Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.1 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: Weather warning systems complement the methods of warning already used by the City, County Emergency Operation Center, and the National Weather Service. Coordinate the purchase and installation of additional warning systems throughout the city. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/fropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $35,000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, general fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r Mitigation GoallObjeclive 1/1.2 Site and Location: Municipal Building (includes city hall, police, fire, and administrative services) Background/Next Steps: New construction and existing critical facilities and infrastructure should include advanced mitigation techniques. Measures include, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, electrical surge protection, stabilization of soils, include potential subsidence in freeboard calculations in flood -prone areas, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Properly Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, CDBG, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Ciear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 2"(-49 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Op 0 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan rgill 1/1.4 Mitigation Goal/Objective Site and Location: 2929 Highway 6 (City Hall, Police, and Fire) and potential new Municipal building, and Community Center (783c Marlin) BackgroundlNext Steps: Generators are essential for providing continual operations in the event of a disaster. As funding becomes available, the city will apply for grants to install/upgrade generators to support existing or new facilitieslinfrastructure. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane(fropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $400,000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r (RFCISRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide — see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding becomes available. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP/FMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 21-50 Galveston County I Ba}'��❑ Vista I Clear I pike Shores I Friendsrvood I Hitehcuck I Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La iV&vque I League City I Santa He I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan BV 2016m5: Purchase and install lightning Mitigation Goal/Objective grounding systems and protection devices on critical 1/1.2 Site and Location: City -owned facilities and infrastructure Background/Next Steps: Developfimplemenl a program to install lightning grounding systems on critical water and sewer system elements and other facilities prone to strikes. Hazard(s) Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Engineering Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.2 Background/Next Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Implementation Schedule: 2016-2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I TI-51 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.14 -Clear Lake Shores 2016-2020 Mitigation Action Plan CLS-2006-2: Implement stormwater management Mitigation Goal/Objective: practices 111.5 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: The Stormwater management plan is focused on six minimum measures regarding what is being done to prevent stormwater pollution. Annual reporting and renewals are required to ensure compliance is met. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storms, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Tornado, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5,000 Potential Funding Sources: Local funds Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City of Clear Lake Shores Timeframe for Completion: 2010 - This action will be deferred as an ongoing 2016-2020 activity 2016 - Renewal of MS4 Permit has been completed. r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: The drought plan identifies measures to prevent damage to existing structures through water conservation measures. While maintaining the plan is the responsibility of the WCID, Clear Lake Shores will contribute perspective and help to create awareness of water conservation measures and mitigation techniques with residents Hazard(s) Addressed: Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: No additional cost Potential Funding Sources: No Funding Required Lead Agency/Department Responsible: WCID 12 Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-52 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional p Hazard Mitigation Plan Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshopAraining programs; alert systems, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Dam/Levee Failure, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: No cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management and applicable departments/agencies Implementation Schedule: 2016-2020 r Loss (RFCISRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Apply for HMGP/FMA grants to implement mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) with qualified property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined by property Potential Funding Sources: HMGP/FMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 Galveston County I Ba�mu Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-53 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S A Galveston County Multi-JuriSea sdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Impacted by flood and severe weather events. Coordinate efforts with water district to widen drainage systems and increase culvert size to accommodate increased water flows. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Severe Winter Weather, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm, Flooding, Coastal Erosion and Retreat. Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, HMGP, Developers, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable department and water district staff Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 i Mitigation GoallObjective 2/2.2 Background/Next Steps: Updateldevelop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/rropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective 1/1.1,1,211,31 1.4,1.5 Background/Next Steps: Review the findings of a potential breach to the damllevee system and developrimplement mitigation actions as applicable to address location, extent and impact. Hazard(s) Addressed: Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-54 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` A Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.15: Friendswood 2016-2020 Mitigation Action Plan 2009-2: Mitigate (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition) Repetitive Flood Claim I Severe Repetitive Loss (RFC/SRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide — see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: The Community Development Department maintains the RL/SRL property database for all flood events in the city, and is updated and reviewed as necessary. Staff seeks funding sources to assist property owners with elevation, relocation and/or buyout of RL/SRL properties. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff time Potential Funding Sources: General budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Floodplain Manager, Office of Emergency Management and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 2016- This action item was carried over from 2003 and 2009 mitigation plans titled NFIP Elevation, Relocation & Acquisition. • 112 properties were mitigated following TS Allison (buyout) • 14 properties were mitigated through an elevation program administered through Galveston County in 2013- 2014 rr Mitigation Goal/Objective 1/1.1 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: The city provides notifications to the public through the following programs/systems: • Friendswood Information Radio 1650 AM • KTRH 740 AM • TV -City of Friendswood PEG Channel 17 • E-mail alerts • Outdoor warning systems • Storm spotters • Code Red Social media Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-55 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff time Potential Funding Sources: General budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Floodplain Manager, Office of Emergency Management and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 72016- This action item was carded over from 2003 and 2009 mitigation plans titled Public Warning System. The city disseminates alert warnings as needed through the various media outlets listed rr Mitigation Goal/Objective: VIA Site and Location: Brittany Bay Blvd to Peadand Pkwy Blackhawk Blvd to FM 2351 and Beamer Road Background/Next Steps: Within Friendswood, there are limited east/west corridors to efficiently move traffic through northern Galveston County. Sunset Drive and Blackhawk Blvd both terminate at Farm -to -Market roadways (528 & 2351) which requires motorists to travel to FM 518 or 1-45; both of which are heavily congested. The construction of Friendswood Parkway would greatly improve mobility and become a vital evacuation route in northern Galveston County. • Construct Friendswood Parkway in the northeaster portion of the city to connect with League City Pkwy (Brittany Bay Blvd) to provide additional evacuation route • Construct Blackhawk Blvd to connect FM 2351 with Beamer Road. • Within Friendswood, there are limited east/west corridors to efficiently move traffic. • Blackhawk Blvd currently terminates at Farm -to -Market roadways (528 & 2351), which requires motorist to travel to FM 518 or 1-45; both of which are heavily congested. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Structural, Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $30,000,000 Potential Funding Sources: Capital improvement funding, bond, grant acquisition Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Public Works Department • Fire Marshal's Office Timeframe for Completion: I Design, bid, and build bridge structure within the next 5 to 10 years 21-56 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island _, 14 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Location of property large enough to house such a facility is going to be an issue: If located within the COD (Community Overlay District) where any portion of the property lies within 300' of the major thoroughfares; i.e., FM 518, FM 528, FM 2351, Bay Area Blvd, and Friendswood Lakes, the structures would have to include fenestrations which will increase cost of construction, etc. for the structures. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Effect on newlexisting buildings: Location of property large enough to house such a facility is going to be an issue: If located within the COD (Community Overlay District) where any portion of the property lies within 300' of the major thoroughfares; i.e., FM 518, FM 528, FM 2351, Bay Area Blvd, and Friendswood Lakes, the structures would have to include fenestrations which will increase cost of construction, etc. for the structures. Estimated cost for property purchase and relocation for all facilities is estimated at $4-6 million. Priority: High Estimated Cost: Estimated cost $450,000 to Utilize Tiger Dams to protect the following buildings at their current location between 3 and 4 feet high (3 — 42" high tubes) Public Works Facility (600'), Parks Facility (350'), & Public Works & Parks Department Fuel Station (200') Potential Funding Sources: Grant Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works Department, Parks & Recreation Department, Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.2 Site and Location: 1306 and 1324 Dogwood Background/Next Steps: • The current facilities are located in Hurricane Category 4 Storm Surge Zone. • Current facility was built in 1978. • Current facility has approximately 2400 square feet, and is not sufficient to accommodate current office staff members (public works, engineering, projects and design). • Current facility needs to be improved to adhere to current codes, i.e., IBC, IFR, ADA, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-59 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island lip S a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: Projected cost is $1.4 million Potential Funding Sources: CIP or bond initiative Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Public Works Department, Engineering Department, Capital Projects Department Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1 A Site and Location: 416 Morning Side Background/Next Steps: • The current facility is being utilized as the citys activity center and offers numerous and various activities to the senior population. • The current facility has a diesel generator and would like to switch to natural gas due to current fuel issues. • During periods of extreme heal and/or power outages, with the addition of back-up power, the library could be utilized as a cooling station for residents lacing the ability to cool their homes. • The Activity Center has also been identified as a feeding station for the city staff members who are assigned as essential emergency staff prior to, during, and following a severe emergency event. • The Activity Center would also be capable of providing a source for shelter arrangements for the essential emergency staff members. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm, Extreme Heat Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $50,000$80,000 for natural gas generator and installation. Potential Funding Sources: HMGP Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Community Development Department o Capital Improvements • Fire Marshal's Office Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-60 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional f p Hazard Mitigation Plan Flood events will displace wildlife and potentially force them into neighborhoods. Purchase and installation of a back-up natural gas generator at the New Expansion to Friendswood Public Library November 2013 Tax Bond Proposition approved the 21,000 square foot expansion to the existing footprint of the Public Library. Current facility has a natural gas back-up generator. Projected 211 KW expected total load (current load is 138 KW) Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tomado, Windstorm, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: Animal Control Facility • $50,000480,000 for generator and installation. Public Library • $80,000-$100,000 for generator and installation Potential Funding Sources: HMGP Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Community Development Department o Capital Improvements • Fire Marshal's Office Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020, or when library expansion is completed r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 2/2.6 Site and Location: Feasible location would be at Public Safety Building -1400 Whitaker Drive Background/Next Steps: • Design and Install a compartmentalized fuel tank • Design a 12,000-gallon combination diesel and no -lead fuel tank. • This would be compartmentalized tank with the capacity to provide 8,000 gallons no -lead fuel and 4,000 gallons diesel fuel. • AST —Above ground storage tank • The design will include the storage tanks, dispensing pumps, card management system, and covered awning over tank and fueling area Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/fropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy; Emergency Services Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $500,000 (generator, gas pumps, storage tanks, installation, and concrete pad) Potential Funding Sources: Grants and/or city operating funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works, Community Development, Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval for funding to 2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-61 Jamaica Beach 11<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan F40164: Purchase a portable reader board Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.6 BackgroundlNext Steps: • Purchase and maintain a portable reader board mounted on a trailer that could be deployed during emergencies and other events within the City. • The reader board would be accessible to all of Friendswood emergency services as well as Public Works and Parks and Recreation. • This project would convey public information to the public during evacuations and other emergencies. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $40,000 (reader board and trailer) Potential Funding Sources: Grants and/or city operating funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Police Department • Fire Marshal's Office Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding and approval, the equipment could be purchased and implemented within one year. r Mitigation GoagObjective: 2/2.6 Background/Next Steps: Purchase 4 portable light lowers on trailers to be utilized at four (4) major intersections during extended power outages to protect residents while driving into and/or outside the city. • Intersection of FM 528 and FM 518 • Intersection of FM 518 & FM 2351 • Intersection of FM 528 and Moore Road • Intersection of FM 528 and Bay Area Boulevard Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: Per unit cost of $10,000 to $40,000 Minimum costs: $40,000 Maximum costs: $160,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding, annual city budgeting process Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works, Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-62 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island to Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ` p Hazard Mitigation Plan F-2016-9: Upgrade drainage systems and culverts to accommodate increased flow Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location: Several locations within the city Background/Next Steps: These projects are in areas that have already been built out and have experienced flooding in the past. These projects are designed to protect existing structures from future flooding losses. FM518 DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS— PHASE 2 a FM 2351 to Willowick o Convey the 100 year flows into Clear Creek o Component of the 2007 Master Drainage Plan Phase 2 Estimated cost $2.7 million ANNALEAIWHITEHALL/KINGS PARK DRAINAGE — DRAINAGE IMPROVEMENTS PHASE 2 o Initial phase of project completed in 2005 o Upsizing storm sewer system to reduce potential flooding Estimated cost $862,000 Shadowbend Drainage Improvements Phase 2 o Component of 1993 master Drainage Plan Phase 1 o Upsizing storm sewer system to reduce potential flooding Estimated cost $416,000 Sunmeadow Drainage Improvements Phase 2 o Component of 1993 Master Drainage Plan Phase 1 o Initial phase of project completed in 2005 o Upsizing storm sewer system to reduce potential Flooding Estimated cost $3.1 million Tributary 2 Drainage/Outfall Improvements o Component of 2004 TxDOT study o First 3 segments of project have been completed u From FM2351 to Cowards Creek o Placement of 3,3OO linear feet of box culverts o Possible partnership with Galveston County Consolidated Conservation District Estimated cost $3.6 million Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado, Severe Winter Weather Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $10.678 million Potential Funding Sources: Capital Improvements Budget & grant funding Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Public Works -Engineering & Capital Projects Timeframe for Completion: • Capital improvements are an ongoing program within the city. • Projects are proposed and prioritized though City Council. • Project completion is dependent upon the securing of funding either through the general operating budget or other avenues; i.e., bonds, grants, loans, etc. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-63 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki ]stand 'b A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Fw2016w1O: 111.2,1.331.5 Mitigation Goal/Objective: Site and Location: Citywide Comments: Mitigate the Impact of Flooding to Safeguard against the Loss of Life and/or Damage to Structures • Funding available through Public Works operating budget to clean & recut drainage ditches, complete work orders related to conveyance systems, remedy localized ponding issues. • Pursue sub -regional drainage improvements in the built environment to reduce the impact of flooding in areas outside the designation of official capital projects Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado, Severe Winter Weather Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1.4 million Potential Funding Sources: To be addressed in the annual budget process and capital improvements program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Public Works Department - Streets & Drainage and Engineering • Community Development- Floodplain Manager Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location: m Marys Creek Bridge • Alleviate and/or eliminate potential flooding of residential properties in Imperial Estates Section 2. Background/Next Steps: • Following TS Allison in 2001, 38 residential properties were mitigated (buyout) following the severe flooding. The city -owned properties have been included to the original footprint of 1776 Memorial Park expanding the park. The city has installed an outdoor Frisbee field for use by all city residents. • Replace the current pedestrian bridge across Marrs Creek connecting 1776 Park to Imperial Estates Section 2. The current bridge, which has been in place since 1962, was closed to vehicular traffic in the early 2000s. Its low profile acts as blockade to flow within Mary's Creek during heavy rain events. • Moreover, shortly following those extreme events, substantial effort is expended on the part of the Galveston County Consolidated Drainage District to remove natural debris that collects within the bridge's substructure further impacting the flow within the Creek and causing flooding of the surrounding properties. • This project has been included in the city's Master Park Plan. 21-64 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection, Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $100,000 for the reconstruction of an elevated bridge which will not impede the Flow of water and act as a °dam" when debris flows down Marys Creek Potential Funding Sources: To be addressed in the annual budget process, capital improvement program, and cooperation with Galveston County Consolidated Drainage District Lead Agency/Department Responsible: • Public Works Department • Office of Emergency Management • Galveston County Consolidated Drainage District Timeframe for Completion: Design, bid, and build bridge structure within the next 5 years 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.3 and 1.5 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: • The Community Development Department requires all potential developers to submit their potential plans and participate in a review process which includes Community Development, Fire Marshal's Office, Public Works and Engineering. o All future developments are required to bury power lines to prevent disruption by protecting said lines from wind and flying debris. o By requiring future developments to bury power lines, interruption of power can be minimized in more portions of the community. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: Developers, utility companies Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Engineering, Fire Marshal's Office Timeframe for Completion: Begin and continue this program through the next five years.2016-2020 Mitigation GoallObjective: 212.2 BackgroundlNext Steps: Adopt the 2012 International Building Code to include3 ASCE-24-10 and the 2012 International Fire Code (IFC). The city currently operates under the 2009 IBC which includes the ASCE-24-05 Flood Resistant Design and Construction and the 2009 IFC. Establish design standards for buildings located in areas susceptible to storm surge. o Adoption of these codes will require higher elevations in structures in Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 27-65 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan inundation zones. • Require deep foundations in order to avoid erosion and scour. • Plans for future storm surge heights due to potential rise in sea levels. • Develop building construction ordinance to address expansive soil techniques in high risk areas. • Require road construction to use techniques to mitigation expansive soils Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Prevention, Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: • Cost to implement the adoption of these codes is limited to staff review time of the 2012 IBC and IFC, and submitting suggested amendments to City Council for approval. • Additional staff time would be required if it was recommended that the city adopt the 2015 IBC and IFC. Potential Funding Sources: Annual budget Lead AgencylDeparlment Responsible: Community Development - Design Review Committee (DRC) Timeframe for Completion: This process could begin in Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 and be completed within a year. Mitigation GoallObJective: 212.1 BackgroundlNext Steps: The updated maps will display potential storm surge by water depth based upon the NWS predicted storm surge and projected track for landfall. The new maps may more accurately display water depth in areas within the city. • The storm surge maps currently utilized to depict storm surge are based upon hurricane category wind speeds. As indicated during Hurricane Ike (2008), the storm surge recorded at Bolivar Peninsula was 20', however, surge at Kemah (entrance of Clear Lake) was recorded at 10-12 feet, which did not affect any structures within the city. Storm surge water depth is in direct relation to the path or track of the hurricane. A hurricane making landfall nearer the west portion of Galveston Bay or west portion of Galveston County will affect the city more than a hurricane tracking over the east portion of Galveston Bay (as occurred during Hurricane Ike). The updated maps will display potential storm surge by water depth based upon the NWS predicted storm surge and projected track for landfall. The new maps may more accurately display water depth in areas within the city. Hazards) Addressed: � Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm � Mitiaalion Straleav: Property Protection, Prevention 21-66 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I ), Jamaica Beach I ICemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: Projected cost is $5,000-10,000 (updated mapping provided by the current contracted engineering firm). . Potential Funding Sources: Projected costs could potentially be covered by annual budget funding through the city's annual budgeting process Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 3/3.1 BackgroundlNext Steps: Develop outreach inatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public; provide timely information and educational materials related to preparedness, mitigation, response & recovery to enhance the public's ability to become self-sufficient. SEVERE THUNDERSTORM/HAIL/LIGHTNING • Develop public information materials and conduct outreach programs which include information regarding thunderstorms/hail/lightning to include how they develop, precautionary measures to lake to protect property and lives, and developing a disaster plan. o Protective measures which can be utilized to protect against thunderstorms, lightning and hail events ✓ Remove dead or rotting trees & branches which could fall and cause damage or injury; ideal planting conditions for fruit trees is 16', ash 32' and oak 59' from a building structure to prevent damage to foundations and/or structural damage from the canopy; go indoors after seeing lightning and remain inside for at least 30 minutes after hearing last clap of thunder; postpone outdoor activities; secure outdoor objects which may be blow around or cause further damage; avoid corded telephones — cordless & cellular phones are safe to use; unplug electrical appliances and other electrical items such as computers, TVs, radio, etc.; use NOAA Weather Radio for updates from local officials Encourage the public to make a family disaster plan to include contacts and locations to reunite in the event they become separated Assemble a 3-day disaster supply kit with food, water, medical supplies, battery powered NOAA radio, flashlights, batteries, extra clothing. • Gather important documents and store them in a fire and/or water -proof container. SEVERE WEATHER EVENTS, HURRICANES, TORNADOES & WIND • Minimize and/or eliminate tree vegetation within local utility ROWS o Remove dead or rotting trees & branches which could fall and cause damage or injury; ideal planting conditions for fruit trees is 16', ash 32' and oak 59' from a building structure to prevent damaqe to Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-67 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan foundations and/or structural damage from the canopy o Work with Texas New Mexico Power Company to develop public information materials or a cooperative plan to encourage residents and/or business to trim and/or remove trees and other vegetation located within the utility easement and intermingling through the power lines which could potentially tear down power lines during severe thunderstorms with high winds. o Effect on existing buildings would be to minimize damage to power lines by the removal of trees or trimming of canopies away from the power lines. o Effect on future buildings would be to ensure that electrical utility lines are buried and not affected by tree canopies and/or vegetation. • Develop tornado awareness materials to educate the public as to how to protect themselves and property in the event a tornado would occur in the area. o Items to cover: if no concrete safe room is located in the residence, use an internal room with no windows; secure all items located outside the residence (patio furniture, flower pots, grilling accessories, etc.) so they do not become flying projectiles; encourage installation of impact - resistant windows; reinforce garage doors DROUGHT. WATER CONSERVATION • Develop public informational materials to educate the public regarding water conservation measures during periods of drought conditions. o Encourage recapturing of water with buckets when showering or bathing to be used on outside vegetation areas; educate public on restricted watering criteria; i.e., by house number/days of week; limiting watering of lawns to certain hours; establish only flower beds and gardens can be watered using only the end hose — no sprinklers; encourage xeriscaping property and lawns; encourage installation of permeable driveways and sidewalks in new subdivision developments to reduce runoff and promote groundwater recharge WINTER STORMS/SEVERE HEAT . Establish a warming center and/or cooling center at the Public Library and Activity Center for the general public and senior citizens o Develop public information materials for the general public regarding the location of a warming station at the Public Library, EXPANSIVE SOILS • Educate engineers, public works, and contractors on expansive soil construction techniques such as: o Application of calcium soil stabilizers in high soil rating areas o Installation of property perimeter drainage systems Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, expansive soils Mitigation Goal/Objective: 3/3.1 Priority: High Estimated Cost: • Minimal; can be created and obtained by staff; annual budget • Obtain pre-printed materials through FEMA • Information can be disseminated through public service announcements ) 21-68 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (PSAs) via the city PEG channel, Twitter feed, Facebook, Focus on Friendswood newsletter, email messages, newspaper articles, and public presentations at civic organizations. Potential Funding Sources: Annual budget process Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management - Public Information Officer Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 and 1.5 Background/Next Steps: • Research and develop a mobile application to be available for citizens to download for IOS and Android operating systems • If cost is too prohibitive, research and promote applications already developed to encourage emergency preparedness • Promote the use of emergency preparedness apps currently available at the Apple Store, Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: . Research has shown that costs associated with the development of an emergency management application — simple, table based app — for IOS systems range $500 to $4,000. All content & clear direction is provided by the organization. If GSP locators, social media integration, and additional add -ins are included, costs will rise accordingly. • If costs are maintained in the range of $5,000 to $10,000, proposals could be made during the budget development process to include this project in the annual operating budget. Potential Funding Sources: If this project is rejected by the governing body, research and application for grants could provide an alternative funding source Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management, IT Department Timeframe for Completion: If a funding source is secured, ideally development could be accomplished within 2-3 years. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-G9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Ntarque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Develop Mitigation GoallObjective: 212.1 Background/Next Steps: To attain a lower CRS rating and improve the city's approach for addressing RIJSRL properties, the city should consider developing a flood mitigation plan to meet the current NFIP standards. • Develop a Flood Mitigation Plan for the city and submit the plan to the Texas Water Development Board for guidance and review. • Strive to meet criteria necessary to achieve a lower CRS rating through this initiative. • Initiate and implement additional floodplain requirements that are above the minimum floodplain compliance. • Update the citys current floodplain map to coordinate with the currently proposed FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map relative to all floodplains as proposed. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $100,000 Potential Funding Sources: General fund through annual budget processlapply for planning grant funding Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Community Development, Floodplain Manager, Office of Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-00 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I � „✓� Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21916: Hitchcock 2016-2020 Mifigafion Acflon Plan H,2006w2: Increase flow capacity to drainage system on Lexington Dr. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, HurricanelTropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: I Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Analys 2010 — Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 — Funding is required. jective: 111.5 =Addressed: d: Flooding, Hurricanerrropical Storm, Windstorm, SevereWinter Weather, Tornado : Stmctural High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: I Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 — Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. ti. Galveston r Mitlgation Goal/Objective: 1l1.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricanerrropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: I Unknown County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-71 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Analys 2010 -Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. M-Zililb-b: Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricaneffropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 11 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 • Funding is required. ective: 1/1.5 =Addressed: Hazard(s)d: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, SevereWinter Weather, Tornado : Structural High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Analysi 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. 71-72 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I FriendsNood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional .44 Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. Mitigation GoallObjective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 20%- Funding is required. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 -Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 in Funding is required. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-73 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island p.. j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan H,2006,10: Increase flow capacity to drainage system on Buins St. Mitigation GoallObjective: 1/1.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Analys 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. ective: 1/1.5 7Addressed: d: Flooding, Hunicane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Stmctural High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. Mitigation GoallObjective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock 21-74 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsv,00d I Hitchcock I i ) i Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 -Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. A-2006-16: Increase tiow capacity to drainage system on Steward Rd. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricanerrropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Anal sis 2010 -Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. rr. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricanerfropical Storm, Windstorm, Severe Winter Weather, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 - Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 • Funding is required. Gal��eston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-05 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: Unknown Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of Hitchcock Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 — Action deferred due to lack of grant funding 2016 - Funding is required. r �• Gitywebsite regarding hazards Mitigation Goal/Objective: 3/3.1 Site and Location Citywide History of Damages Hitchcock is prone to natural and technological hazards Comments The Food bank provides the best opportunity to reach those residents who typically do not have the resources to understand the importance of personal and property protection measures. Information will also be developed for the city's website as opportunities for updating their site become available. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oiligas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurdcane/rropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Wildfire (urban and rural), Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff salary Potential Funding Sources: Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Police and Fire Departments, Galveston County EMC Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-0G Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I ) Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' ra Hazard Mitigation Plan BackgroundlNext Steps: Reducing the number of septic systems in use in the higher hazard areas will reduce contamination. Decreasing groundwater withdrawal will allow for maximum recharge and user participation in a managed system. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1000000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural community affairs Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Citydepartments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Tree limbs and vegetation generated by storms or natural decay process can block access of streets from first responders, clog storm sewers, down power lines and damage buildings. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurdcane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $50,000/year Potential Funding Sources: Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1A Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Lift stations, water/wastewater and sewer facilities should be equipped for generator connections. City -owned facilities should also have fixed -unit generators in place. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Extreme Heal, Severe Winter Storm, Wildfire (urban and rural), Lightning, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $4,5001000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Grants Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 21-77 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island p ;i Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 - Funding is required. r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Outdated storm sewers require updating and reconstruction to increase water flow. Reduce/prevent minor flooding from substandard storm sewer and clogged roadside ditches Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1,000,000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Grants Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 A 2016 - Funding is required. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Many lines within the city limits are old and in need of replacing or improving. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Drought Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $100000,000 Potential Funding Sources: Office of Rural Community Affairs, Grants Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 - Funding is required. 21-78 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clev Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 1-12011w19: Evaluate, design, and implement hardening measures to protect existing critical facilities and critical infrastructure Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Site and Location ChyWde History of Damages Area prone to high wind and flooding events BackgroundlNext Steps: Reduction of risk to existing buildings and properties, including lost services. Hardening measures may include, elevation, Name enclosures, elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oillgas lines, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/rropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: FEMA: HMGP, PDM, FMA, RFC, SRL; General Fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 na yss 2016 — Funding is required. i Mitigation Goal/Objective 111.2 Site and Location: Citywde Background/Next Steps: New construction and existing critical facilities and infrastructure should include advanced mitigation techniques. Measures include, elevation, Nema enclosures, elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oillgas lines, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm, Land Subsidence, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, CDBG, General Funds Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I I-litchcock I 21-09 Jamaica beach I I<emah I La Marque I LeagueCily (Santa Fe ITiki Island p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r (RFC/SRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 212.5 Site and Location: Citywide — see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGPIFMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.2 Background/Next Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurricanefTropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Reheat, Land Subsidence, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Z1-30 Galveston Count�I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I hriendetvood I I-litchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ire Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' S p Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.17: Jamaica Beach 2016-2020 Mitigation Action Plan JB 200W: Implement beach and dune restoration Mitigation Goal/Objective: program 1/1.5 Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricaneffropical Storm, Tsunami, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $2,100,000 Potential Funding Sources: Texas Coastal Coordination Council -Texas Coastal Management Program, Texas General an Office, USACE, General Fund, 406 Public Assistance Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City staff and council on: 2016-2020 Timefr"Currentlyseeking 2016 - easement forms from beach front property owners. Construction is scheduled for early 2016. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 313.1 Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tsunami, Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $750 Potential Funding Sources: Donations and the general fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City stag Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation GoallObjective: 212.1 Background/Next Steps: Jamaica Beach experiences drought and periods of extreme heat during the summer months. A contingency plan allows for water storage and monitoring procedures that can be engaged when needed. Hazard(s)Addressed: Drought, Extreme Heal Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $45,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grants, general funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administrator Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 21-81 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La Marque I LeagueCity ISanta Fe IT'iki Island i Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan JIB 2016-1: Jamaica Cove Rd, Survey Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.1 Site and Location Jamaica Cove Rd, Background/Next Steps: Jamaica Cover Road is prone to flooding. Conduct a survey to determine if elevating the road would reduce future flooding impacts. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding, HurricanelTropical Storm, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $3,500 Potential Funding Sources: General funds Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administrator Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2018 i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1 A Site and Location: Fire Station and others as identified Background/Next Steps: Generators are essential for providing continual operations in the event of a disaster. The fire station may be in need of a generator but other facilities may be needed over the next five years. As funding becomes available, the city will apply for grants to installlupgrade generators to support existing or new facilities/infrastructure, Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Tsunami, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $500000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, General Funds Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: I Upon funding approval to 2020 21-82 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan JB 2016,3: Mitigate (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition) Repetitive Flood Claim / Severe Repetitive Loss (RFC/SRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide —see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricanerrropical Storm, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGPIFMA Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation GoallObjective 2/2.2 Background/Next Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanerrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I FGtchcock I 21-83 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I LeagtreCity I Santa re ITiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Develop Mitigation GoagObjective: 313.1 Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1,000 Potential Funding Sources: Local funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-84 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.18: Kema h 2016-2020 Mitigation Action Plan rr, Develop Mitigation GoallObjective: 313,1 Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient, Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routestprocedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heal, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1,000 Potential Funding Sources: Local funds, National Weather Service, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre -Disaster Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA — Emergency Operations Center Funding, FEMA — Emergency Management Performance Grant, USDA — Environmental Quality Incentives Program Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurdcane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $21000 Potential Funding Sources: General Fund, FEMA — Emergency Performance Grants, FEMA —All Hazards Operational Planning, FEMA — Fire Management Assistance Grants, USDA — Environmental Quality Incentives Program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: CilyAdministration Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-85 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010 • Action deferred due to lack of additional funding to support implementation 2016 • Funding is required. Zltlb-3: Implement storm sewer system rewengineering ano toiiowmvp construction project to mitigate noon related impacts. 111.5 Mitigation Goal/Objective: Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hunicane/rropical Storm, Tsunami, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $43000,000 Potential Funding Sources: US Army Corps of Engineers — Small Flood Control Projects, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre- Disaster Mitigation Grant Program, Texas Water Development Board — Clean Water State Revolving Fund, Texas Water Development Board (Development Fund ll) — Texas Water Development Fund, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service —Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Program, EPA— Nonpoint Source Grant Program Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 enforcement measures in me city building 2011-1: Conduct National Weather Service tornado drills alolm with elementary school in iurisdiction code. 2/2.2 Mitigation GoallObjective: Hazard(s) Addressed: Humcane/Tropical Storm, Tsunami, Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff time and resources Potential Funding Sources: Local commitment Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.3 Site and Location Citywide Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High 21-86 Galveston Cainty I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ' q . T Hazard Mitigation Plan Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r D Mitigation Goal/Objective: 2/2.1 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Jurisdiction experiences occasional drought conditions and days of extreme heat during the summer months which may also cause wildfires (Urban and Rural). City of Kemah does not provide water or waste water for its citizens. This service is provided by Water Control Improvement District #12 (WCID#12). Implementation ensures adequate water supply by lessening water usage Hazard(s) Addressed: Extreme Heat, Drought, Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff time Potential Funding Sources: General Fund Municipal Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 optimizing me operation or me nood gates Mitigation Goal/Objective: at secuHu uOt buitut 212.1 Site and Location 1900 Shipyard Drive (intersection of Highway 146 and Shipyard Drive) Background/Next Steps: This structure is located outside the city of Kemah. However, the failure of this gate to function impacts structures within the jurisdiction of Kemah Hazard(s)Addressed: Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Properly Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Staff Time Potential Funding Sources: General Fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 - Coordination is needed between the city and Harris County Flood Control District to develop a program. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-87 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p$of Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan K2011-11a: Update flood plain ordinance to Mitigation Goal/Objective: ensure compliance with minimum standards of NAP 2/2.1 Background/Next Steps: A review of the city's floodplain ordinance will reveal where improvement and updating can allow the city to move beyond the minimum standards for development in the regulatory floodway. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: $$1,000 Potential Funding Sources: General Fund Municipal Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r r• Mitigation GoallObjective: 2/2.1 Hazard(s)Addressed: Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $$20,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grants Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Fire Department Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Site and Location 1401 Stale Hwy 146--City Hall 800 Harris Community Center 602 Bradford -Visitor Center Background/Next Steps: Continuity of emergency services and general government operations is necessary to protect staff and city property. Existing facilities may be lacking protective measures and adequate building standards. Mitigation measures include: elevation, Nema enclosures, elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xedscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc. Potential hardening projects may include any municipal building and public infrastructure. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, 21-88 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional '116 Hazard Mitigation Plan Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1003000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP and Other Post Ike Funding Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 Analvsis 2016 - Funding is required. r Mitigation Goal/Objective 1/1.2 Site and Location: Fire Station Background/Next Steps: New construction and existing critical facilities and infrastructure should include advanced mitigation techniques. Measures include, elevation, Nema enclosures, elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/rropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, CDBG, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 111 A Site and Location: Fire Station and others as needed Background/Next Steps: Generators are essential for providing continual operations in the event of a disaster. The city will apply for grants to install/upgrade generators to support existing or new facilities/infrastructure. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-89 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S p _ Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1003000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, General Funds Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon approval of funding to 2020 r (RFCISRL) properties Mitigation GoallObjeclive 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide —see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricanefiropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP/FMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 1/1.5 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: The drainage systems and culverts throughout the county are frequently impacted by flood and severe weather events. Coordinate efforts with water district to widen drainage systems and increase culvert size to accommodate increased water Flows. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Severe Winter Weather, Humcane/rropical Storm, Tsunami, Tornado, Windstorm, Flooding, Coastal Erosion and Retreat. Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, HMGP, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable department and water district staff Timeframe for Completion: I Upon funding approval to 2020 21-90 Gaheston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I i � Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S� Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional .r ii Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.2 Background/Next Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurricanelTropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Coastal Erosion and Retreat, Land Subsidence Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigat777 1/1.1,1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 Backgr Review the findings of a potential breach to the dam/levee system and developfmplement mitigation actions as applicable to address location, extent and impact. Hazard Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2018-2020 Gah'eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswwood I Hitchcock I 21-91 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.19: La Marque 2016.2020 Mitigation Action Plan bjective: ed: 7Priority:77 Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Failure, Severe Winter Storm, Windstorm, Dam/Levee y: Property Protection High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds and FEMA grants Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Services Timeframe for Completion: 2010 - Action deferred to solicit funds 2016-2020 2016 - To date,14,000 linear feel of ditches have been cleaned. Residents have also become proactive in keeping their property ditches cleaned — this is being monitored by Code Compliance Staff. The remaining drainage systems will be addressed as funding becomes available. Coordinating efforts with local Drainage District to accommodate outfall. r Mitigation GoallObjective: 1/1.2 Site and Location La Marque Fire Rescue 1109-A Bayou Road La Marque, Texas 77568 Background/Next Steps: This project addresses several hazards that could impact the City of La Marque. Protective shutters would reduce damage from flying debris and hail. The shutters could also be sandbagged when closed in order to keep flood water from entering the building. Entryway door was damaged during Hurricane Ike due toexcessive winds. The Main door was bowed in the center and broke the system that closes it. By installing this storm shutter, we could minimize building damage in future events. Hazard(s) Addressed: Humcanerrropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $3,750 Potential Funding Sources: Grant/General Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Fire Department Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 —Funding is required - will apply and/or seek General Fund appropriation during Fiscal Year - 2017. 21-92 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan LM r Doors for Apparatus Bays Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Site and Location La Marque Fire Rescue 1109-A Bayou Road La Marque, Texas 77568 Background/Next Steps: The existing bay doors do not meet local windstorm ratings. The doors had to be left open in past storms in order to keep them from being damaged. This allowed excessive up -loading to our building's roof system, winds damaged the interior resulting in repairs costing the citizens almost $300,000. The new doors will be rated for 165 mph wind and would most likely be able to provide protection from hail storms. Door rated for maximum wind resistance will keep Emergency Operation staff safe from storm debris. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm, Wildfire (Urban and Rual) Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $125,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant/General Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Fire Department Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2018 Anal sis 2016 — Funding required i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 2/2.6 Site and Location: 1109-A Bayou Road La Marque, Texas 77568 Lot 29.369629 Land-94,9717 Background/Next Steps: A realistic 10 -15-year fire apparatus replacement program must be instituted. Reserve Fire Apparatus currently in service are 20 and 23 years old. ARescue Pumper is a support truck that can carry all equipment and compensate for a down sized staff. Continued growth and service calls has placed higher demand on the Fire Station personnel and trucks. Adding a new rescue pumper to the fleet will allow personnel to respond to more calls at the same time. Reliable Reserve Apparatus are essential to augment the fleet during disasters and multiple / major emergencies. Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $800,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant / Bond Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: Fire Department Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2019 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-93 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional IW Hazard Mitigation Plan LM 2011a7: Build Westside Public Safety Complex Mitigation GoallObjective: 1/1.2 Site and location: Westside of La Marque Background/Next Steps: This annex would consist of a 4-bay fire / emergency medical service station, police station complete with holding cells, EOC, Municipal Court, and multipurpose training facility. Currently departments are fragmented throughout the city. Departments that need to be involved in emergency response are housed in old buildings that were modified to serve the purpose and have since suffered damage in recent storms. The city is constantly spending money repairing buildings that do not provide sufficient space and safety. Make shift offices and rented buildings are being used until needed repairs are complete on some buildings. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurdcanefTropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $35,0001000 Potential Funding Sources: Grants / Bonds / or EDC Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City of La Marque Fire/Police Departments Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2018 2010 - This project will be deferred with a current maximum estimated cost of $5,000,000 2016 - The project scope has been modified to reflect a Westside Public Safety Complex inclusive of Westside Fire Station and Administrative Headquarters, new Police Station and Detention Facilities, Municipal Court Facilities, Multipurpose Training Facilities, and Emergency Operations Center. Estimated costs associated with this project include the acquisition of property in the vicinity of IH 45 and FM 1764 and/or FM 2004 in addition to site development, construction, furnishings, necessary equipment, and Fire / Emergency Medical Services apparatus based on the Houston / Galveston regional area development I construction costs, and market apparatus acquisition costs. The proposal provides for the inclusion of a modem Emergency Operations Center necessary to sustain effective city operations / services; improve emergency preparedness and provide technological support and telecommunication capabilities required for survivability and interoperability with surrounding jurisdictions during emergencies. 21-94 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Road, La Marque, Texas 77568 and other facilities as they are identified. Background/Next Steps: The Public Services main field office was totally inoperable during Hurricanes Ike and Rita due to no alternative generator equipment. It resulted in being unable to fuel our equipment or maintain water system operations. This project mitigates for damages from severe weather power outages. This facility powers fuel distribution and water system operation which is vital to any emergency response situation. Currently, there is no alternate power source. The Police Department's generator is more than 20 years old and in dire need of replacement. It not only powers the police department building, but also most of the City's internet connectivity and phone systems. Additional generators may be required in the future to support critical facilities and infrastructure throughout the city Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $260,000 Potential Funding Sources: I Grant / General Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Services / Police Department Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016- Funding required. Every essential city facility requires a back-up power source and this is the last remaining city building without a generator. As funding becomes available, the city will apply for grants to install generators to support Public Services, Police Department, and other facilities as they are identified. r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.1 Site and Location 1100 Block of Bayou Road La Marque, Texas 77568 Background/Next Steps: No such multi -functional facility currently exists that can accommodate large numbers of people. Citizens have neededlo be rescued in the past during small scale incidents. There was no shelter other than the fire station. La Marque is growing and emergency operation capabilities must grow with it, A community safe room shelter would provide a place for an emergency operations command center, emergency medical care area, and evacuation staging area, and/or a safe shelter for affected residents. No such facility currently exists. Sheller could be used for other public functions during non -emergency events. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsivood I Hitchcock 1 21-95 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island fail Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $5,0001000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2022 2016 — Funding required. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 Site and Location Off IH-45 Feeder Road on La Marque/Texas City line. Start roadon city line and continue past Gulf Greyhound Park and fie into FM 2004, Background/Next Steps: Three roads meet at the IH 45l Exit 15 intersection. During evacuations, this area becomes severely congested. Delays of up to several hours have occurred. Traffic flow, emergency services, and recovery operations are severely impeded. Building a new road to the new standards should help alleviate some of the traffic and flooding problems. An alternate evacuation route is crucial considering the hazardous materials that are transported through this intersection, the poor drainage of floodwater, and hurricane evacuations. The nearby Gulf Greyhound Park was used during Hurricane Ike recovery efforts to house the power utility (electric) companies that responded to assist with the recovery effort. An estimated 2,000 contractors with trucks and equipment moved in and out, 24 hours a day. Interstate 45 was congested to a standstill and several major accidents occurred. Had an additional roadway been built, traffic flow could have moved more safely and many accidents may have been avoided. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $20,0009000 Potential Funding Sources: Bond, or Grant Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I TXDOT, Public Services to coordinate Timeframe for Completion: 2018-2020 2016 —This project would need to be funded by an outside agency(ies), through a Texas Department of Transportation pre project as to slate -owned roadways. The City of La Marque would participate as an interested party. 21-96 Gaheston Comity I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island A, Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 1% Fee Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1 A Site and Location Wastewater lift stations require redundant power sources; this includes but may not be limited to the following locations: 2500 6'th Ave 2420 Jackson 1810 Bayou 1019 Walnut St 200 Main St 1024 Hathaway 724 Shady Lane 604 Ross 901 First St 728 Hwy 3 201 Bayou 2813 Cedar 301 Vauthier 3905 McKinney 4818 Delany 1111 Volney 2502 Duroux 6090 FM 1764 2995 FM 1764 Background/Next Steps: Hurricanes Ike, Rita, and others of the past have caused power outages lasting as long as 20 days. Some residents received aback flow of raw sewage into their homes. Back flow of raw sewage into a home is a direct threat to human health that could have been completely avoided if generators were available to support the continual operation of the city's lift stations. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurdcane/rropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $357,445 Potential Funding Sources: Grant/General Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Services Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2018 2016 —Funding required for lift stations i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location The location of this detention area is located near FM 1765 and SH 146 Lat. 29.378173732237762 Long.-94.9524736404419 Background/Next Steps: Areas east of town are prone to flooding during heavy rain events. Dow Chemical purchased several acres of land east of town for use as a greenbelt. The city of La Marque would like to build a detention pond in this area that will help alleviate flooding on the east side. Phase I Will include a feasibility study and a drainage analysis of the new pond row acquisition and associated conveyance improvements on a part of 10 acres of land. Engineering of the pond will be based on results of the study and analysis. Construction of the pond will be the second phase. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 21-97 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island •Sra Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $3,868,150 Potential Funding Sources: Grant I Bond I Corporate Sponsor Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: Public Works Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2020 2016 — Funding required r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location The South side of La Marque and through TexasCity Background/Next Steps: Recent storms have brought the storm surge to within 1 footof breaching the levy. This project addresses several issues that may impact the city of La Marque. The existing levee was built to protect our community from a category 3 hurricane tidal surge. Should we receive a storm surge greater than that of a category 3 storm, chances are this levee system will fail and cause catastrophic flooding throughout the community. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: $23,0003000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant or Federal Funding Lead Agency/Department Responsible: US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston County Drainage District Timeframe for Completion: 2018-2020 2016 — Funding required. The levy, although within the city limits of La Marque, is owned/managed by the Corps of Engineers and the pumps are maintained by the Galveston County. The City of La Marque would participate in this project as an involved party, overseeing the city s interests. 21-98 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional` S A ) Hazard Mitigation Plan pipeline breaches, good water rescues, and residential fires. The city has summoned aerial ladder support from outside jurisdictions six times in the past five years. Wait times for the ladder to arrive have exceeded 20 minutes and resulted in fatalities. One fire incident in an apartment complex within the city limits resulted in the deaths of two young children who were unable to escape a multi -story apartment complex while the city had to wail for a neighboring fire department to bring their aerial ladder to the scene to make the rescue. The city currently serves a population of 14,600 persons which includes a bay front community consisting of 275 two-story homes. The projected growth in La Marque is estimated to exceed 20,000 citizens by 2020, The aerial apparatus would also aid in swift water and coastal flooding emergencies. Additionally, the city has assisted with plant explosion rescues and major pipeline breach incidents. On several of these occasions a ladder was required to respond. Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Wildfire (Urban and Rural) Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $1,2500000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant / General Budget Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Fire Department Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2018 Analysis 2016 —Funding required. Revised cost estimate from $1,000,000 to 1,250,000 due to continued inflation. Implementation schedule revised to address increasing risk factors. This acquisition is rapidly becoming increasingly critical to address increased commercial growth and construction of multi -story structures. i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.2 Site and Location Western area of La Marque Background/Next Steps: Public Services building would house public works, development services, and code enforcement and should be located in the western area of the city. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurricanelTropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $15,0001000 Potential Funding Sources: Grant/General Budget/Bonds Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I hricndswood I I-litchcock I 21-99 Jamaica Bench I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe ITiki Island t, } Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional .-• Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: I City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2021 2016 — Funding required. The City is in the infant stages of planning and has begun searching for suitable location options for this project. Phase 1 would include identifying a prospective location and working with an architect to determine the project specifications and cost. Phase II would identify funding for this project; Phase III would be implementationloompletion. r Mitigation GoallObjeclive: 1/1.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Brush and debris create fuel for obstruction to drainage, and impedes vehicle movement. This action is provided through maintenance program. Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Weather, Hunicane/rropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $100,000 Potential Funding Sources: Grants, City funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Fire Department/Public Services Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Mitigation GoallObjective: 313.1 BackgroundlNext Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Dam/Levee Failure: information provided includes advisory notifications of imminent or breached damllevee for evacuation route/procedures. Mitigation techniques such as elevation of structures. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, tloodproofing, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oiligas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshopllraining programs; alert systems, educate engineers, public works, and contractors on expansive soil construction techniques such as: apply calcium soil stabilizers in high soil rating areas and the installation of ZI=1ll0 Galveston County I [3ayou Vista I Clear Lake Shaes I Friendswood I Hitchcock Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional 11 Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard(s)Addressed: Hurdcaneffropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Public Outreach and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5,000 annually Potential Funding Sources: Grants/Generalfund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: GCOEM, Emergency Management, and applicable state/federal agencies Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r (RFC/SRL) properties Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2.5 Site and Location: Citywide —see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP/FMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 111.2 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: Lightning strikes can create outages to essential water and sewer services as well as invite unnecessary damage to critical facilities. Develop/implement a program to establish lightning grounding systems on critical water and sewer system elements and other facilities prone to strikes. Hazard(s)Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: Moderate Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General funds Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Priendswood I Hitchcock I 71-101 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki island ' f p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 r . r. . Mitigation Goal/Objective 212A Background/Next Steps: A comprehensive database of critical facilities and infrastructure to build out a mapping system will further the planning area's preparedness and response abilities for all hazards. Develop a listing of properties to include, facility name, latitudellongitude, physical address, number of people based in facility, building and content value, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective 212.2 BackgroundlNext Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Include building construction requirements to address areas With high expansive soils to include property perimeter drainage systems, subgrade irrigation systems, applying calcium soil stabilizers, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/fropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural Severe Winter Storm, Dam/Levee Failure, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 I ) 21-102 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional a GOP S Hazard Mitigation Plan LIVI 2016,5: Become a Certified NWS StormReady Community Mitigation Goal/Objective 2/2A Background/Next Steps: StormReady helps arm America's communities with the communication and safety skills needed to save lives and property -before and during an event. StormReady helps leaders and emergency managers strengthen local safety programs. StormReady communities are better prepared to save lives from the onslaught of severe weather through advanced planning, education, and awareness. Contact NWS before applying, complete application, schedule verification meeting and receive approval. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: Undetermined Potential Funding Sources: I General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Manager Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation GoallObjective r. 1/1,111.2, 1.3,1,491,E Background/Next Steps: Review the findings of a potential breach to the dam/levee system and developfimplement mitigation actions as applicable to address location, extent and impact. Hazard(s)Addressed: Dam/Levee Failure Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable departments Timeframe for Completion: 2018-2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Ctear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-103 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional isl Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.20: League City 2016.2020 Mfffgation Action Plan LC rrDrainage Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: The project consists of proposed slope paving (concrete lining) improvements to the following drainage rights -of -way throughout the city: • Interurban Ditch, north from FM 518 (900 Feet, $312,000) — Designed but on hold due to costs associated with stream bank mitigation. Newport Ditch, north from FM 518, (900 Feet, $360,000) — pending funding, will be performed after Interurban Ditch • Bradshaw Road, southwest from SH 3 to the north line of CCISD's Elem. School # 25 (1,200 Feet, $390,000) — pending funding • Nottingham Ditch from Calder Road to the Old Interurban Right -of - Way (3,200 Feet, $11335,000) — still in planning, consultant hired. Design complete and pending construction funding Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $2,397,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds, FEMA Mitigation Grant Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works and Engineering Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 A 2010 — Pending funding 2016— Nottingham and Interurban are pending construction funding rr •�. Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.5 Site and Location FM 518, Highland Terrace Drive Background/Next Steps: The proposed project includes: Slope paving a portion of the drainage ditch north of FM 518, with probable wetland mitigation. Lowering the pavement section of Highland Terrace Drive, with attendant utility adjustments. This project will reduce the number of repetitive flood losses in the sub - watershed area. There are six repetitive loss structures on Highland Terrace Drive that would benefit from this project. I � 21404 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsvvood I Hitchcock I _ _ Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional S p Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $40000,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds, FEMA Mitigation Grant Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works and Engineering Timeframe for Completion: Dependent upon funding Analysis 2010- Drainage study done, but no further action taken. Not in CIP due to drainage improvement in the Conoco -Phillip corridor (FY 2012). Studies have indicated that resolution should be within the FM518 and Wesley intersection at a higher cost. Project unfunded 2016—No funding approval to dale, continue to seek funding, Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Kansas Street BackgroundlNext Steps: The purpose of this project is change the existing roadway section from a flexible based, open ditch rural pavement section to a 28-feet wide, concrete curb and gutter urban pavement section with enclosed conduit storm sewer system. It is proposed that the pavement section be lowered 12 to 18 inches, thereby providing a route for overland sheet flow in extreme rainfall events. In addition, staff proposes to provide irrigation along the street using treated grey -water from the Dallas Salmon Wastewater Treatment Plant and an 8-foot wide concrete Vail along one side of the new roadway section. This project will reduce the number of repetitive flood losses in the neighborhood. There are approximately 10 undeveloped lots in this area whose future residents will benefit from this project. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Windstorm, Tornado Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $31610,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds, FEMA Mitigation Grant Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I Public Works and Engineering Timeframe for Completion: 2019-2020 Galveston County I bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shaes I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-105 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2010 - This project will provide extreme event overflow (such as the flooding that occurred on April 18, 2009) to a natural stream. Project unfunded. 2016 - Project remains unfunded, protected to be completed in FY 2019 LC rr5-4: Shellside Detention Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location SH 96 to Shellside area and Tuscan Lakes Development Area BackgroundlNext Steps: The proposed Robinson Gully - Profile 6E Drainage Extension is to extend approximately 1,500 linear feet of an earthen channel south from SH 96 to the Shellside area. The channel will have a 10-feet wide bottom and be approximately 9 feel deep, thereby providing a deep outfall for the area. This project will reduce repetitive flood losses (there is one SRL property in the area) and protect many lower -income residents, most of whom cannot afford flood insurance, from flooding. This project will provide drainage for the many new homes and businesses that are projected to be built in the Tuscan Lakes development area. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $500,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds, FEMA Mitigation Grant Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Works and Engineering Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 -Formally Robinson Gully Drainage Mitigation Goal/Objective: 313A BackgroundlNext Steps: Develop a tornado public education campaign to provide tornado hazard information to the residents. Hazard(s)Addressed: Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: City Funds 21-106 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multijurisdictional ` 44__ Hazard Mitigation Plan Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management in coordination with CCISD and local private schools Timeframe for Completion: 1 2016-2020 LC 2005-7: Install LightninglSurge Protection Equipment at City Buildings Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Background/Next Steps: Provide external and/or internal lightening and surge protection equipment to city buildings and other critical infrastructure, Provides protection to electrical equipment housed within existing and future public buildings. Hazard(s)Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: City Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management, Facilities Maintenance Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2010- Since the creation of this mitigation action the City has constructed a new public safety building. This building is equipped with physical and electrical lightning and surge protection. 2016 - As future buildings are designed and constructed the city will continue to implement these protections. rr Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.1 Background/Next Steps: League City is prone to many natural hazards. Provide partial compensation to homeowners that mitigate their primary residence against hazards in an effort to reduce damage from future impacts. Potential projects could include: installation of storm shutters or protective window film upgrading roofs and garage doors to meet current wind codes installation of electrical surge protection installation of subgrade irrigation systems application of calcium soil stabilizers other projects as identified Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Extreme Heat, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock 1 21407 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki island 1 Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional .. Hazard Mitigation Plan Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: FEMA Mitigation Grant Funds, Other Grant Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Office of Emergency Management, Buildings Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 2010 — pending funding 2016 — pending funding r . Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 Site and Location South Belt Detention aka Mud Gully Detention: Background/Next Steps: This project was identified in the Clear Creek Federal Project study as being effective for flood management but did not yield a high enough cost benefit ratio for Federal funding. Therefore, Harris and Galveston County have decided to fund this effort. Information for the Public will be available at htlo:l/www.hcf d.org as the project progresses toward. This project is managed by Hams County Flood Control and monitored by the Clear Creek Watershed Steering Committee. Designed in 2012 and 2013. Phasel Construction started in 2014. Reduces or maintains BFE upstream and downstream thereby reducing the 1%flood zone Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $10,000,000 Potential Funding Sources: Harris and Galveston County Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Engineering Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 21-IOS Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan loss. Elevating homes from in the floodplain will contribute towards Activity 530 (Flood Protection) in the CRS program. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $4,600,000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGPIFMA, federal and state grants Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Building Department Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 i Mitigation Goal/Objective: 2/2.2 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Increasing freeboard will reduce an individual structure's vulnerability to Floodwaters. Increasing freeboard will contribute towards Activity 430 (Higher regulatory standards) in the CRS program and will generate points toward improving the City's CRS rating. Homeowners in the floodplain will see a reduction in their flood insurance premiums if the City's CRS rating improves. Homeowners with 24" of freeboard will enjoy reduced flood insurance premiums relative to homeowners whose houses are elevated to the current standard of 18" of freeboard. Substantially improved/damaged existing structures that need to be brought into compliance with code will have to elevate to a higher design flood elevation. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No cost Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Building Department Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Galveston County I Ba}'ou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 21-109 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Background/Next Steps: Buying and removing property from the floodplain will reduce long-term, repetitive flood loss. The open space created by the removal of insured property unit facilitate drainage and allow for the creation of recreation areas. Buying and removing property from the floodplain will contribute towards Activity 520 (Acquisition and relocation of buildings) in the CRS program. Hazard(s)Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $300,000,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds, Federal and Slate Grants Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Building Department Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.2 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: The mobile units will provide early detection capabilities at city events and park facilities. Install a permanent lightning detection system at the fire department drill field. Also purchase 3 portable detectors to be placed in fire department response vehicles. Hazard(s)Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $52000 Potential Funding Sources: City funds Lead AgencylDepartmentResponsible: Fire Department, Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2017-2020 21-110 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan supports, shatter proof and high wind doors and windows, shutters, elevation, floodprooling, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, create defensible space around power and gas lines, cover electrical/mechanical systems, encourage purchase/use of weather radios, seek covered shelter in the event of severe weather events (lightning, hail, high wind) etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurdcaneffropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Extreme Heat, Expansive Soils Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $10,000 Potential Funding Sources: City Funds and available grants Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 i ective: 111.1 7Location Citywide eps: Increase tree plantings around public buildings and right of ways to reduce the urban heat island effect. Hazards) Addressed: Extreme Heat Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: Low Estimated Cost: $50,000 Potential Funding Sources: City funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Planning and Zoning Timeframe for Completion: Dependent on funding approval to 2020 Galveston County I f3ayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-111 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Islvid A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional .. Hazard Mitigation Plan LC20`16,8: Safe Rooms/Community Shelters Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.1 Site and Location Citywide Comments The area is prone to tornado and high wind events. Encourage construction and use of safe rooms in existing and new structures. Allow citizens to install safe rooms at a significant discount in preexisting homes. Provide homeowners and developers with funds to assist in installing a safe room in new homes. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanelfropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: Unknown Potential Funding Sources: FEMA HMGP Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management, Planning and Zoning and Building Timeframe for Completion: Dependent on funding approval to 2020 21-112 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I I, % Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional — Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 21.21: an Fe 201602020 Mitigation Action Plan SF 2016-1: Stormproof / retrofit new critical facilities and infrastructure Mitigation GoallObjective: 111.2 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: New construction and existing critical facilities and infrastructure should include advanced mitigation techniques. Measures include, elevation, Nema enclosures, elevation, floodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: HurricanerTropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Weather, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Drought Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General fund, HMGP, PDM, CDBG Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 111.2 Site and Location City Hall, Maintenance Building, Library, and Community Center Background/Next Steps: Continuity of emergency services and general governmental operations is necessary to protect stag and county properly. Existing facilities may be lacking protective measures and adequate building standards. Mitigation options may include the provision of elevation, Nema enclosures, elevation, goodproofing, stabilization of soils in construction, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc. Potential hardening projects may include any municipal building and public infrastructure. The following improvements have been noted: • City hall — windows and doors • Maintenance building, Library, and Community Center— roof, windows and doors Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Weather, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Drought Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: Moderate Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21413 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Estimated Cost: $2,000,000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, PDM, General Fund, CDBG Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 SF 2016-3: Build storm water detention ponds Mitigation Goal/Objective: when appropriate 1/1.5 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Detention ponds/basins could be a solution for addressing flood impacts. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Hurricane/Tropical Storm Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: Developers, general fund Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 i Mitigation Goal/Objective: Site and Location City Hall and Street Department Background/Next Steps: Generators are essential for providing continual operations in the event of a disaster. As funding becomes available, the city will apply for grants to install generators to support existing or new facilities/infrastructure. At this time, City Hall and the Street Department are in need of a generator Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Weather, Extreme Heat Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $500,000 Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, PDM, General funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 21-114 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional p i Hazard Mitigation Plan Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP, FMA, General Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 r Mitigation GoallObjective SF 2016-7: Purchase and install Iii htnin oroundina systems and i)rotection devices on sewer and water 1/1.5 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: The drainage systems and culverts throughout the county are frequently impacted by flood and severe weather events. Coordinate efforts with water district to widen drainage systems and increase culvert size to accommodate I ncreased water flows. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding, Severe Winter Weather, Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tornado, Windstorm, Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, HMGP, General Funds Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration and applicable department and water district stag Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 Mitigation Goal/Objective 1/1.2 Site and Location: Citywide Background/Next Steps: Lightning strikes can create outages to essential water and sewer services as well as invite unnecessary damage to critical facilities. Developrimplemenl a program to establish lightning grounding systems on critical water and sewer system elements and other facilities prone to strikes. Hazard(s) Addressed: Lightning Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $50,000 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendscvood I Hitchcock I 21415 Jamaica Beach I t<emah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island lots I'. �fooGalveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Potential Funding Sources: 42eneral funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2026 SF 2016-8: Implement/ maintain treelvegetation trimmingfremoval near, infrastructure, drainage systems and roadside areas Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.5 NNNN Site and Location Citywide BackgroundfNext Steps: NNINNIN Trees and other vegetation can encroach overhead power line, drainage systems and road ways potentially causing loss of service and/or accidents during and after various weather events Keep areas of concern free of unnecessary debris as needed. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanerrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5,000 Potential Funding Sources: General funds Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r �• Mitigation GoallObjective: 212.1 Background/Next Steps: A comprehensive database of critical facilities and infrastructure to build out a mapping system will further the planning area's preparedness and response abilities for all hazards. Develop listing of properties to include, facility name, latitudellongilude, physical address, number of people based in facility, building and content value, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanerrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No Cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administration NNN Timeframe for Completion: NoNoo 2016-2020 � 21-116 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi jurisdictional 167 Hazard Mitigation Plan LA .-. SF 2016,10: Improve regulations and permit requirements to promote hazard mitigation strategies Mitigation Goal/Objective: 212.2 Background/Next Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricaneffropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: No cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r r- Mitigation Goal/Objective: 3/3.1 Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricanefrropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Drought, Extreme Heat, Wildfire (Urban and Rural), Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: No cost Potential Funding Sources: NIA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration in coordination with county and state officials Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vistn I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-117 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan cable 21.22: Tiki Island 2016.2020 MifIvafion Action Plan TI 2011,2: Implement water conservation awareness campaign (at Citywide Fourth of July picnic and other local Mitigation GoallObjective: 3/3.1 Site and Location Citywide Background/Next Steps: Past damages include post -Hurricane Ike water shortages, early 2009 Brazos watershed drought, numerous summer heat waves causing high water consumption and low water pressure. Publish information citywide; attend functions where citizens gather such as 4th of July at public park - man booth to promote program and answer questions Hazard(s) Addressed: Drought, Extreme Heat Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: $2,000 Potential Funding Sources: General Fund, TCEQ, TWDB Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Water District Timetrame for Completion: 2016-2020 r Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.2 Site and Location Numerous locations within city of Tiki Island Background/Next Steps: Electronic panels will be elevated above base flood elevations, requiring OSHA complaint work platforms. Quick connect backup power connections will be added, and two trailer based portable generators will be rotated among lift stations as needed. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Tsunami, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Lightning, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $q%000 Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, HMGP, General Fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Water District Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 (dependent on funding) 2016 — Funding Required � � 21-118 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan TI 2011,8: Purchase new Emergency Notification System (ENS). Mitigation Goal/Objective: 1/1.1 Site and Location 802 Tiki Drive Background/Next Steps: In the aftermath of Hurricane Ike, City officials were unable to communicate with displaced citizens. The emergency notification system will be capable of easily registering citzens' cell phones, email, and VOIP lines. The system will be tested to insure completeness and accuracy of data. Prompt communication to inform residents when they can safely return to their homes and businesses will reduce looting and vandalism. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Emergency Services Priority: High Estimated Cost: $5000 Potential Funding Sources: General fund Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management on: 2016-2020 (dependent on funding) TimeO-Funoding 2016 #Required rr Mitigation GoagObjeclive: 1/1.2 Site and Location 300 to 400 Tiki Drive Background/Next Steps: This bridge is the only access to the City of Tiki Island. Hurricane Ike caused some damage to bridge and an unknown degree of scouring. Improving the bridge decking to withstand higher storm surge will insure that the ingresslegress is available for emergency evacuation and operations. Replace three section spans with single span, eliminating potential failure of current bridge supports in channel. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tsunami Mitigation Strategy: Structural Priority: High Estimated Cost: $4.8 million Potential Funding Sources: CDBG, County road & Bridge Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I TXDOT, mayor Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 2016 - Funding Required Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-119 Jamaica Beach I I<emah I La N[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island A Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan ... "Storm Ready" community Mitigation GoallObjective: 1/1.1 History of Damages Emergency Services Background/Next Steps: Recent storms have shown the vulnerabilities of this coastal community. To be officially StormReady, a community must: • Establish a 24-hour warning point and emergency operation center • Have more than one way to receive severe weather warnings and forecasts and to alert the public • Create a system that monitors weather conditions locally • Promote the importance of public readiness through community seminars • Develop a formal hazardous weather plan, which includes training severe weather spotters and holding emergency exercises Next Steps: Pursue requirements to become a StormReady community. Download and complete application from httn://www.stormreadv.noaa.aovlaoolv.htm. Hazard(s) Addressed: Humcane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: N/A Priority: High Estimated Cost: $150,000 Potential Funding Sources: Unknown at this time Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Emergency Management Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 Anal) . 2016 - Funding required. i Mitigation GoallObjective: 1/1.5 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Tree limbs and brush that falls during extreme temperature events block access of streets from first responders, clog storm sewers, down power lines and prevent road access. Minimizing falling tree limbs protects structures from damage during extreme temperature and weather events Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Tsunami, Severe Winter Storm Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: $50,000/year 21-120 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica [3each I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional f Hazard Mitigation Plan Potential Funding Sources: I Grants, City Funds Lead Agency/Department Responsible: I City Dept. Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 TI r Develop Mitigation Goal/Objective: 3/3.1 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Due to extreme heal, drought, and lightning strikes during storms, the City is susceptible to fire hazard incidents. Develop and provide residents and business owners with mitigation techniques to reduce or eliminate future impacts such as creating defensible spaces, xeriscape, permeable driveways and surfaces, etc. Hazard(s) Addressed: Lightning, Extreme Heat, Drought Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: General Funds, Federal and Slate Grants Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Public Safety/Fire Marshal Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 r lW-UbKL� properties 2/2.5 Mitigation Goal/Objective Site and Location: Citywide — see Section 22 and Appendix E for listing of non -mitigated properties Background/Next Steps: Grant funding through the HMGP (Flood Mitigation Assistance) may be used to mitigate RFC and SRL properties. Mitigation options (elevate, reconstruct, acquisition, demolition, etc.) will be implemented with property owners as funding and opportunities arise. Hazard(s) Addressed: Flooding Mitigation Strategy: Property Protection Priority: High Estimated Cost: To be determined Potential Funding Sources: HMGP/FMA Lead Agency/Department Responsible: City Administration and applicable state and county agencies Timeframe for Completion: Upon funding approval to 2020 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 21-121 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island LIN f j Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan TI 2016-2: Improve regulations and permit requirements Mitigation Goal/Objective: to promote hazard mitigation strategies 212.2 Site and Location Citywide BackgroundlNext Steps: Update and/or develop regulations and permits to address hazards prone to the area and include any changes in future development areas. Develop regulation restricting development in areas with soil considered poor or unsuitable for development and installation of electrical grounding devices. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hunicane/Tropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Prevention Priority: High Estimated Cost: N/A Potential Funding Sources: Budget Lead AgencylDepartment Responsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 i r• Mitigation Goal/Objective: 313A Background/Next Steps: The planning area has several outreach initiatives to communicate hazard preparedness information to the general public and visitors to the area. Providing timely information and educational information related to preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery to the public fosters their ability to become self-sufficient. Information provided includes the following mitigation techniques (elevation, floodproofing, electrical grounding devices, generators, insulating water pipes, xeriscaping, open foundations to minimize scour, roof and foundation supports, shutters, shatter -proof and high wind doors and windows, create defensible space around power lines, oil/gas lines, etc.); evacuation routes/procedures; workshop/training programs; alert systems, and the like. Hazard(s) Addressed: Hurricane/fropical Storm, Flooding, Tornado, Windstorm, Hailstorm, Lightning, Tsunami, Drought, Extreme Heat, Severe Winter Storm, Coastal Erosion and Retreat Mitigation Strategy: Public Education and Awareness Priority: High Estimated Cost: N/A Potential Funding Sources: N/A Lead Agency/DepartmentResponsible: City Administration Timeframe for Completion: 2016-2020 � ) 21-122 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional` p Hazard Mitigation Plan 22.0 Repetitive rlood Properties 22.1 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Participation Flood insurance offered through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is the best way for home and business owners to protect themselves financially against the ravages of flooding. All jurisdictions in this plan update participate in the NFIP. Community Rating System (CRS) Participation The NFIP's Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes jurisdictions for implementing floodplain management practices that exceed the minimum federal requirements of the NFIP to provide protection from flooding. In exchange for a community's proactive efforts to reduce flood risk, policyholders can receive reduced flood insurance premiums for buildings in the community. These reduced premiums reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from community efforts toward achieving the three CRS goals: 1. Reduce flood damage to insurable property 2. Strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the NFIP 3. Encourage a comprehensive approach to floodplain management Participation in the CRS is voluntary. By participating, jurisdictions earn credit points that determine s ;, Discount classifications. There are 10 CRS Classes: Class 1 requires 1 — V q5%6 20% --I------.4----t•— — —--q the most credit points and provides the largest flood —2 40% 7 _ _15% insurance premium reduction (45 percent) while Class 10 3 —I 35% + 8 —F means the community does not participate in the CRS or �-— - —I- ---E- —- - -----4 -4 —— ——I — 4 30% 9 5% ' L_-_-1_-_-_-_1___-L__-_-_J has not earned the minimum required credit points, and ' 5 25% 10 --- residents receive no premium reduction. The CRS Classes are based on completion of 19 creditable activities organized into four categories: 1. Public Information 2. Mapping and Regulations 3. Flood Damage Reduction 4. Warning and Response Table 22.1 provides an overview of each community's participation in the NFIP and CRS as of September 2014. As indicated, fourjurisdictions are currently participating in the CRS program. Each jurisdiction will continue to seek opportunities to improve or join the CRS program. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 22=1 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La N[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ... Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 22-1: NFIP Participation as of September 2014 Current Regular/ Effective Emergency CIRS p gat Date 481589 Bayou Vista 04/09/71 485461 Clear Lake Shores 10123f70 10/23/70 04/04/83 10/23/70 485468 Friendswood 06/05/70 03/03772 09122199 03103/72 7' 485470 Galveston County 04/09171 12/06/02 04109171 485479 Hitchcock 11117170 11113/70 04/04/83 000000 11113/70 481271 Jamaica Beach 04108/71 12/06/02 04/08/71 485481 Kemah 06/05170 10/16/70 04/04/83 10116/70 8' 485486 La Marque 05/26/70 10/16770 02116/83 10116/70 485488 League City 06/05170 06105/70 09/22/99 11120170 6 481562 Santa Fe 09102/80 04/08171 10/18/83 04/09171 0000000 481585 Tiki Island 04/09/71 04/09/71 11/01/85 04/15/83 8 Source: FEMA Community Status Book Report 01119116 htto://vnwv.fema.aov/cis/TX.html Community Rating System Communities 06/01114 www.fema.cov/media-library/assets/documents/15846 Note: 'Reflects current CRS rating for Friendswood and Kemah. 22.2 Repetitive Loss and Severe Repetitive Loss Properties A high priority in Texas and nationwide is the reduction of structures with repetitive losses. These structures strain NFIP. They increase the NFIP's annual losses and the need for borrowing and, more importantly, they drain resources needed to prepare for catastrophic events. The NFIP defines a repetitive loss property (RL) as "any insurable building for which two or more claims of more than $1,000 were paid by the NFIP within any rolling 10-year period since 1978. At least, two of the claims must be more than 10-days apart" The Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 identified another category of repetitive loss. Severe repetitive loss (SRLj is defined as "a single family property (consisting of one -to -four residences) that is covered under flood insurance by the NFIP and has incurred flood -related damage for which four or more separate claim payments (building and contents) have been paid under flood insurance coverage with the amount of each claim payment exceeding $5,000 and with cumulative amount of such claims payments exceeding $20,000; or for which at least two separate claim payments (building payments only) have been made with the cumulative amount of the building portion of such claims exceeding the reported value of the property." t 22-2 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores (Friendswood I I-liichcock I . ? Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Pe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Fi The planning team reviewed the list of RL/SRL properties received from the Galveston County Housing and Economic Development (Report date September 2014) to determine how many properties that remain unmitigated are in the program compared to how many have been mitigated (Appendix H provides a property listing by jurisdiction, excluding addresses). Table 22-2 provides a summary by occupancy type and reflects the total number of properties reported as mitigated to date. Additional details regarding insurance status and the number of flood claims and total amounts paid from 1978 to September 2014 are provided in Table 22-3. Table 22-2: Summary of Repetitive Flood Properties by Occupancy Type and Number of Properties Mitigated Community Bayou Vista Fami 0 Condo 0 Resident 0 • 0 TT 45 I 45 go, 9 Clear Lake Shores 1 2 13 1 86 103 53 Friendswood 1 4 5 2 295 307 129 Hitchcock 0 1 4 0 100 105 34 Jamaica Beach 0 1 0 0 44 45 4 Kemah 2 3 30 3 74 112 79 La Marque 1 01 1 5 0 69 75 6 League City 1 11 3 7 2 220 233 111 Santa Fe 1 01 0 7 1 114l 122 11 Tiki Island 01 0 0 0 21 2 0 Galveston County -Unincorporated Alta Loma 01 0 1 0 4 5 3 Arcadia 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Bacliff 1 6 60 67 4 Caplen 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 Crystal Beach 0 1 3 0 55 59 46 Gilchrist 1 1 4 0 68 74 72 High Island 0 01 0 01 2 21 1 Port Bolivar 0 0 4 0 63 67 46 San Leon 1 0 2 0 29 32 10 Seabrook 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 Total 8 17 92 9 15333 1,459 621 Gahcshm County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lal<e Shores I Friendswood I Hilchcocl; I 27.-3 Jamaica beach I I<cmah I La i�laryuc I League City I Santa Fe I Tilci Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Table 22: Summary of Repetitive Flood Properties Flood Claims and Total Payments Received 1978 to 2014 !BayouVista 1745 29 5 11 196 4,901,778 ake Shores 61 36 6 408 9,838,341 wood' 184 95 28 1177 48,719,984 Hitchcock 105 75 23 7 339 51554,124 Jamaica Beach 45 31 121 2 133 31173,088 Kemah 1121 76 31 5 455 12,637,778 La Marque 75 66 7 2 274 118873720 League City2 233 130 88 15 728 17,383,753 Santa Fe 121 96 18 7 4061 4,450,361 Tiki Island 2 1 1 01 61 33,624 Galveston County -Unincorporated: Alta Loma 5 5 0 0 16 156,890 Arcadia 1 1 0 0 2 48,108 Bacliff 67 42 22 3 228 3,2599796 Caplan 2 2 0 0 4 248,242 Crystal Beach 59 49 10 0 127 8,406,900 Gilchrist 741 70 4 0 191 9,491,736 High Island 2 2 0 0 4 849493 Port Bolivar 67 58 7 2 189 61250,562 San Leon 32 19 13 0 81 31204,189 Seabrook 1 1 0 0 11 184,628 Total 11458 998 372 88 4,975 $13919%095 Source: Galveston County Housing and Economic Development, September 2014 Note: 'Special Direct Facility-NFIP Insurance is obtained directly from FEMAINFIP and not through local insurance brokers. ' Friendswood and League City have a few properties located in Harris County. Data for these properties is included in this table. 22-4 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional f Hazard Mitigation Plan The NFIP also provides updates as to the total amounts paid on losses and policies in place. Table 22.4 provides a summary of these reports for the participating jurisdictions from 1978 to 2015. Table 22.4: Summary o►Loss and Policy Statistics 1978 to November 30, 2015 Loss Statistics Policy Statistics Written Nod Closed Open GWOP Losses Losses Losses Losses P ayments I noForce In,Force In,Force Bayou Vista 27 27 0 0 $687,312 12 $2,326,700 $17,161 Clear Lake Shores 13075 956 4 115 $24,3071538 534 $127,452,200 $3673874 Crystal Beach 660 484 0 176 $23036,238 Included in Galveston County Friendswood 31339 2,785 2 552 $86,475,320 61845 $2,128,8623500 $23884,981 Hitchcock 1,162 984 1 177 $17,226,974 812 $171,425,600 $512t197 Jamaica Beach 1,536 10280 3 253 $223293,349 915 $224,032,900 $1,211,719 Kemah 1,340 11142 3 195 $401886,780 532 $150,0093800 $443,487 La Marque 11299 11004 0 295 $11,9920475 11551 $398,246,500 $788,355 League City 31106 21310 3 793 $42,388,008 14,568 $4150%2621500 $5,934,617 Santa Fe 172 108 0 64 $1,322,706 1,080 $300,2909100 $431,887 Tiki Island 621 470 1 150 $6,2990524 568 $144,4001100 $23089,404 Galveston County 16,448 14,125 37 21286 $580,784,193 8,756 $2,258,6753700 $10,909,581 (Unincorporated) Source: Loss Statistics htto://bsa.nfiostat.tema.aov/reports/1040.htmiW8 Policy Statistics httoalbsa.nfipstat fema.pov/reports/1011.hbn#TXT Total losses -All losses submitted regardless of the status. Closed losses - Losses that have been paid. Open losses - Losses that have not been paid in full. CWOP losses - Losses that have been closed without payment. Total Payments - Total amount paid on losses. Policies In Force - Policies in force on the •as of date of the report. Insurance In Force -The coverage amount for policies in force. Written Premium In Force - The premium paid for policies in force Galveston Comity I Ba}'ott Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendsw'ood I Hitchcock I 22-5 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island f Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional --. Hazard Mitigation Plan Progress Made on Repetitive Flood Properties The largest SRL grant ever awarded in the nation went to Galveston County in 2011. More than $34 million was allocated to elevate 224 homes of which FEMA's SRL program covered 90 percent or $31 million. The properties were selected based on their SRL status and homeowner interest (source: fema.gov/news-release/2011/10/04). Galveston County presented a voluntary buyout program through HMGP to property owners located on Bolivar Peninsula (Port Bolivar, Crystal Beach, Caplen, and Gilchrist), and Jamaica Beach, and Hitchcock (Freddiesville). As a result, Galveston County was able to purchase 550 properties (10 each in Jamaica Beach and Hitchcock, and 530 Bolivar Peninsula, Galveston Countv: • 2014 SRL program —130 properties (101 completed or in progress and 29 pending) • FMA Award —Texas City (4 reconstruction and 1 elevation) • 2015 FMA Application Submitted —40 elevation projects • Housing Program — Round 1 0 600 homes built 0 8 demolition of slum/blighted properties 0 59 single family rentals • Housing Program —Round 2 o 617 homes built 0 31veteranhomes 0 37 demolition of slum/blighted properties 0 35 single family rentals • Multi -family rental project 0 2 projects with 51single-family units 0 1 rehabilitation project 22-6 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island t Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Friendswood: • 2013 HMA Grant Assistance program through the County (2011 SRL Award) 0 14 contracts executed (90/10 funding) • four qualified for ICC (Increased Cost of Compliance) through private insurance carriers which went towards their 10 percent match • 2001 Tropical Storm Allison Buyout Program 0 112 properties removed League Citv: • 20 properties elevated at a cost of $4,064,272 (completed 2012-2014) • 2 properties in progress at a cost of $508,962 (completion 2016) Figures 22.1 to 22.2 provide the general location of the repetitive flood properties that have been mapped by GIS for Friendswood and League City. The other jurisdictions are encouraged to develop GIS maps when feasible to further enhance their NFIP program. Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 22-7 Jamaica beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island S Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 22.1: Friendswood Repetitive Flood Properties ti r, All Legend Streets -- Creeks ` QCity Limits ' _!!Counties Parks AE Structures wo RL 2005 --- Sown En.OtlomM.lWREo, 1 Mitigated aEoco.usossno. ros.rmaa OTSARP Buyouts EM JµWIWKEW Uu� FIOC410�4� Pe City ofFdondswood 'f'°"" k•ilr?' Friendswood GIS Mapping ."' V"d r ...z„ Source: City of Friendswood 22-8 Gah�eston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional a Hazard Mitigation Plan Figure 22.2: League City Repetitive Flood Loss and Severe Repetitive Flood Loss Properties The City of League City Repetirire Ilad Ins% L r�dons elt i \ •lea, Severe Repelteve Losses FEW IKE Repetltiw Lasses I FEW M 2M Repeelive Loase Repeelers Lose Lmatl s ONE Veb ty A FIoaMr y A IM Year K W Year Source: City of League City Galveston Count}' I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 22-9 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La N[arque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island 4_ a Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional ..- Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigating Repetitive Flood Properties FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP), Pre -Disaster Mitigation (PDM), and Flood Mitigation Assistance (HMA) provide funding to assist jurisdictions in mitigating properties prone to flooding. Table 22.5 provides a listing of eligible activities typically funded through these programs. Table No. 22,5: Eligible Activities by Program Eligible Activities r Property Acquisition and Structure Demolition X X X The voluntary acquisition of an existing al -risk structure and, typically, the underlying land, and conversion of the land to open space through demolition of the structure. The property must be deed -restricted in perpetuity to open space uses to restore andlor conserve the natural floodplain functions. For property acquisition and structure demolition projects, see Addendum A. Property Acquisition and Structure Relocation X X X The voluntary physical relocation of an existing structure to an area outside of a hazard -prone area, such as the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) or a regulatory erosion zone and, typically, the acquisition of the underlying land. Relocation must conform to all applicable State and local regulations. The property must be deed - restricted in perpetuity to open space uses to restore andlor conserve the natural floodplain functions. For property acquisition and structure relocation projects, see Addendum, Part A. Structure Evaluation X X X Physically raising and/or retrofitting an existing structure to the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) or higher if required by FEMA or local ordinance. Elevation may be achieved through a variety of methods, including elevating on continuous foundation walls; elevating on open foundations, such as piles, piers, posts, or columns; and elevating on fill. Foundations must be designed to address properly all loads and be appropriately connected to the floor structure above, and utilities must be properly elevated as well. FEMA encourages Applicants and sub -applicants to design all structure elevation projects in accordance with the American Society of Civil Engineers/Structural Engineering Institute (ASCEISEI) 24-05, Flood Resistant Design, and Construction. For additional information about structure elevation projects, see Addendum, Part E. Mitigation Reconstruction X The construction of an improved, elevated building on the same site where an existing building and/or foundation has been partially or completely demolished or destroyed. Mitigation reconstruction is only permitted for structures outside of the regulatory floodway or coastal high hazard area (Zone V) as identified by the existing best available flood hazard data. Activities that result in the construction of new living space at or above the BFE will only be considered when consistent with the mitigation reconstruction requirements. 22-10 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County MultOurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Dry Floodproofing Techniques applied to keep structures dry by sealing the structure to keep floodwaters out. For all dry floodproofing activities, FEMA encourages applicants and sub - applicants to design all dry floodproofing projects in accordance with ASCEISEI 24-14. Dry Floodproofing is not permitted in the Coastal V Zone, Dry Floodproofing of Historic Residential Structures X X X Permissible only when other techniques that would mitigate to the BFE causing the structure to lose its status as a Historic Structure, as defined in 44 CFR Section 59.1. - Dry Floodproofing of Non -Residential Structures X X X Must be performed in accordance with NFIP Technical Bulletin (TB) 3-93, Non - Residential Floodproofing—Requirements and Certification, and the requirements pertaining to dry floodproofing of non-residential structures found in 44 CFR Sections 60.3(b)(5) and (c)(4). Localized Flood Reduction Projects X X X Projects to lessen the frequency or severity of flooding and decrease predicted flood damages, such as the installation or modification of culverts, and stormwaler management activities, such as creating retention and detention basins. These projects must not duplicate the flood prevention activities of other Federal agencies and may not constitute a section of a larger flood control system. Source: FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Guidance, February 27, 2015, and Addendum to the Hazard Mitigation Assistance Guidance, February 27, 2015 22.3 Continued Compliance in the NFIP Section 21 includes a mitigation action to mitigate (elevate, reconstruct, acquire, demolition) repetitive flood claim/severe repetitive loss properties for each participating jurisdiction. Table 22.6 provides a list of improvement/maintenance strategies designed to further strength the jurisdictions participation and compliance in the NFIP and CRS programs; thus reducing the cost of flood insurance to residents. Table No. 22.6: NFIP/CRS Program Strategies Galveston County Improve participation in the High 2 / 2.5 GCOEM NFIP and CRS Programs Bayou Vista Improve participation in the High 2 / 2.5 City Administration NFIP and CRS Programs Clear Lake Shores Improve participation in the High 2 / 2.5 City Administration NFIP and CRS Programs Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 22-11 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island ' p Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Mitigation Jurisdiction Strategy Priority Goal•,Responsible Agency Educate citizens on the High 313.1 Emergency Management dangers of flooding. Inform residents of the benefits of purchasing good insurance dddddd Friendswood Improve participation in the High 212.2 Community Development, NFIP and CRS Programs Floodplain Manager, Office of Emergency Management Develop a RLAA (Repetitive High 212.1 Community Development — Loss Area Analysis) to Floodplain Manager, Office of satisfy CRS rating through Emergency Management/Fire the ISO Marshal's Office, Assistance from Hazard Mitigation Committee Database Development & High 212.5 Floodplain Manager, Maintenance for RUSRL Community Development, Parks Properties - Elevation, & Recreation Department, Relocation & Acquisition Office of Emergency Management Hitchcock Improve participation in the High 2 / 2.2 City Administration NFIP and CRS Programs mmmmmm Jamaica Beach Improve participation in the High 2 / 2.2 City Administration NFIP and CRS Programs Develop system to maintain High 2 / 2.2 City Administration records of elevation certificate Kemah Improve participation in the High 2l 2.5 City administration and NFIP and CRS Programs applicable departments dddddd La Marque Improve participation in the High 212.5 City administration and NFIP and CRS Programs applicable departments League City Develop and Manage High 2l 2.1 Building Department Repetitive Flood Loss Database Santa Fe Improve participation in the High 2l 2.5 City administration and NFIP and CRS Programs I I applicable departments Tiki Island Improve participation in the High 2l 2A Mayor vrith Building Inspector NFIP and CRS Programs � i 22-12 Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I � - Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island Galveston County Multi -Jurisdictional S Hazard Mitigation Plan In addition to the strategies outlined in Table 22.6, each participating jurisdiction is encouraged to work alongside the Galveston County Housing and Economic Development Office and the State NFIP Coordinator to accomplish the following tasks: • Increase awareness among residents and business owners about NFIP insurance • Schedule a community Assistance Visit (CAV) to ensure continued compliance with NFIP regulations • Review status of the properties identified on the Repetitive and Severe Repetitive Flood Claim Properties list and report properties that have been mitigated • Encourage local officials in Bayou Vista and Kemah to become Certified Floodplain Managers • Develop GIS maps of the location of RF and SRL properties • Participate in NFIP training workshops • Continued enforcement of flood damage prevention ordinances and site plan reviews • Update Stormwater Management/Drainage Master Plans, Floodplain Management Plans, and Flood Response Plans as warranted Galveston County I Bayou Vista I Clear Lake Shores I Friendswood I Hitchcock I 22d3 Jamaica Beach I Kemah I La Marque I League City I Santa Fe I Tiki Island