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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance No. 97-14 . .• • , yw. � . !' . ' �� . .�m.�. , • ' -. 1. p • ORDINANCE NO. 9 7—14 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING APPENDIX C OF THE FRIENDSWOOD CITY CODE, SAID APPENDIX C BEING CITY OF FRIENDSWOOD, TEXAS, ORDINANCE NO. 84-15, AS AMENDED, ORIGINALLY ADOPTED THE 19TH DAY OF NOVEMBER, 1984, AND BEING THE ZONING ORDINANCE OF THE CITY, BY REVISING SUBSECTION I OF SECTION 8 THEREOF BY ADDING A SENTENCE TO PARAGR.APH 1, BY INSERTING TWO NEW SENTENCES IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO THE LAST SENTENCE IN SUBPARAGRAPH a OF PARAGRAPH 2, BY DELETING THE FIRST SENTENCE OF SUBPARAGRAPH b OF PARAGRAPH 2 AND SUBSTITUTING THEREFOR A NEW SUBPARAGRAPH b, BY STRIKING THE FOURTH SENTENCE OF THE SECOND PARAGRAPH OF SUBPARAGRAPH c OF PARAGRAPH 2 AND SUBSTITUTING THEREFOR A NEW SECOND SENTENCE, BY ADDING A NEW PARAGRAPH FOLLOWING THE FIRST PARAGRAPH OF SUBPARAGRAPH c OF PARAGRAPH 2, BY STRIKING THE SECOND SENTENCE OF THE LAST PARAGRAPH OF SUBPARAGRAPH c OF PARAGRAPH 2 AND SUBSTITUTING THEREFOR A NEW SECOND SENTENCE, BY ADDING TO SUBPARAGRAPH d OF PARAGRAPH 2 A NEW PARAGRAPH, BY DELETING SUBPARAGRAPH e OF PARAGRAPH 2 AND SUBSTITUTING THEREFOR A NEW SUBPARAGRAPH e, AND BY ADDING TO PARAGRAPH 2 NEW SUBPARAGRAPHS f AND g; PROVIDING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF A LIST OF QUALIFIED TREES; DELETING THE REQUIREMENTS FOR A TEN FOOT OPEN SPACE BUFFER STRIP BETWEEN SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL USES AND COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL.OR MULTIPLE FAMILY USES WHEN ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL OR MULTIPLE FAMILY USE PRECEEDS THE SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL USE; PROVIDING FOR THE PLACEMENT OF TREES ALONG THOROUGHFARES; PROVIDING FOR THE MAINTENANCE, PRUNING AND DUTY TO TRIM TREES OVERHANGING RIGHTS OF WAY; PROVIDING OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO THE SUBJECT; PROVIDING A PENALTY OF AN AMOUNT NOT TO EXCEED $2,000 FOR EACH DAY OF VIOLATION OF ANY PROVISION HEREOF; AND PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY. * * * * Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 1 ..r. � . . i , . . , ..-... . ` � ' . � ' . BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FRIENDSWOOD, STATE OF TEXAS: Section 1. Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, said Appendix C being the Zoning Ordinance of the City, is hereby amended by adding to paragraph 1 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof a new sentence to provide as follows: In furtherance thereof, trees utilized to complv with the requirements of this Subsection shall be of a tvpe contained in the list of Qualified Trees a�proved from time to time by the Citv Council and available at the office of the Building Official. Section 2. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by inserting a new sentence immediately prior to the last sentence of Subparagraph a of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof to provide as follows: ...Converselv, when a sin�le familv use is established on property adjacent to anv commercial, industrial or multiple-famil zY onin�; district, an eight foot hi�h opaQUe fence or wall shall be erected and maintained alon�the propertv line. The ten foot buffer strip shall not in this instance be required.... Section 3. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by deleting the first sentence of Subparagraph b of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof, which first sentence provides as follows: [If an open space buffer strip is required under the terms of this section, not less than one tree shall be planted and maintained for each 25 lineal feet or portion thereof of solid open space buffer strip.] and substituting therefor the following: Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 2 .� � , _ . . . . . � , If an open space buffer strip is required under the terms of this section, not less than one qualified tree shall be planted and maintained for each 25 lineal feet or portion thereof of solid open space buffer stri� Section 4. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by deleting the fourth sentence of the second paragraph of Subparagraph c of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof, which fourth sentence provides as follows: [...A minimum of one tree shall be planted and maintained for each 250 square feet or portion thereof of landscaped open space area....] and substituting therefor the following: ...A minimum of one qualified tree shall be planted and maintained for each 250 square feet or portion thereof of landscaped open space area.... Section 5. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by adding a new paragraph following the first paragraph of Subparagraph c of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof to provide as follows: It is the intent of this subsection to promote the placement of trees alon� the thoroughfares of our citv. Therefore, at least fiftv nercent (50%� of the required trees shall be located between the street and anv buildings. No tree other than those species listed as Qualified Small Trees (Size 2 or 3) on the list available from the Buildin�Official mav be planted under or within ten(10) lateral feet of any overhead utilitv wire, or over or within five (5) lateral feet of an under�round water line, sewer line,transmission line or other utilitv. Section 6. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by deleting the second sentence of the Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 3 , . - "' . � �„ , , last paragraph of Subparagraph c of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof, which second sentence provides as follows: [...Trees shall be species common or adaptable to this area and when mature shall have a 15-foot crown.....] and substituting therefor the following: Trees shall be selected from the approved list of qualified trees as approved from time to time b t�he Citv Council and which shall be available from the Citv Buildin� Official. Section 7. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by adding to Subparagraph d of Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof the following: When healthv trees exist on a site, and when they are equivalent in size and snecies to those required bv this Subsection, the buildin� official shall credit the propertv owner for existing trees that are retained and used when calculating requirements under this Subsection. Section 8. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by deleting from Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof all of Subparagraph e, which provides as follows: [(e) Preserving trees—Historical significance. (1) Findings. The founders of Friendswood chose to locate the community in its present location because of the inspiring, tranquil beauty of the huge oaks which occupied the creek banks and surrounding terrain The name given the new town, Friendswood, was chosen because of its apt description of the settlers, members of the Friends Church, and the topographical character, gently rolling terrain covered with large trees. The city council hereby finds and determines that the preservation of the naturally wooded topography is of historical significance to the city. (2) Purpose. It is the intent of this subsection to encourage the preservation of existing trees within the city, and the historical significance thereof, and to prohibit their unwarranted destruction. Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 4 (3) Prohibited conduct. It shall be unlawful for any person to cause or permit the destruction of any native tree within 20 feet of the right-of-way line of any major thoroughfare within the city if such tree has a trunk which exceeds six inches in diameter at a point 18 inches above the natural ground level. Provided, however, it shall not be a violation of any provision hereof if a tree is destroyed and removed because same, in he opinion of the city engineer, constitutes a hazard to pedestrian andlor vehicular traffic along any such major thoroughfare.] and substituting therefor the following: e. Maintenance and Care o Trees. �l) Maintenance Period for Trees. For anv tree installed in fulfillment of the requirements of this section, or anv previouslv existing tree used in fulfillment of the requirements, it shall be the responsibilit ��of the developer or subsequent propertv owner(s) to maintain such tree in healthy condition for a period of five vears, and for an equal period, in the event of serious dama�e, disease or death of the tree, to replace it with a like species, and of a size as was ori i� nallv required. The five-vear period will be considered to be�in with the issuance of a Certificate of Occupanc� �2) Prunin�of trees. It shall be unlawful as a normal practice for an�person, firm or cit�department to top anv qualified tree on public propertti. Toppin� is herebv defined as the severe cutting back of limbs to stubs lar�er than three inches in diameter within the tree's crown to such a degree so as to remove the normal cano�y and disfigure the tree. Trees severelv dama�ed bv storms or other causes, or certain trees under utility wires or other obstructions where other prunin�practices are impractical mav be exempted from this ordinance at the determination of the Buildin� Official. (3) Maintenance of Trees Over Ri ht�s-of�Wav...Anv entity prunin� trees located in public ri�;hts of wav or in excavatin in ri h� ts of wav or in easements shall be required to notifv the citv Buildin� Official and to prepare such plans or outline such programs as the official deems necessarv. The Buildinp Official's permission must be secured before such work ma��beg�in A developer shall have the responsibility to verify that such approval has been �ranted nrior to the installation of utilities within easements on the developer's propert� Everv owner of anv tree overhan�� any street or ri h�t-of w� within the Citv shall prune the branches so that such branches shall not Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 5 obstruct the light from anv street lamp or obstruct the view of an s� intersection and so that there shall be a clear space of eight feet above the surface of the street or sidewalk. Said owners shall remove all dead diseased or dan�erous trees, or broken or decaYed limbs which constitute a menace to the safetv of the public. The Citv shall have the ri�ht, with fourteen davs advance notice to the owner or a eng t, to prune anv tree or shrub on private propertv when it interferes with the proper spread of li� alon� the street from a street light or interferes with the visibility of any traffic control device or si�n. �41 Removal of Hazardous Trees. The Citv shall have the right to cause the removal of any dead or diseased trees on private propertv within the citv, when such trees constitute a hazard to life and propertv, or harbor insects or disease which constitute a potential threat to other trees within the city. The Citv will notify in writing the owners of such trees. Removal shall be done by said owners at their own expense within sixt,y davs after the date of service of notice. In the event of failure of owners to complv with such provisions, the Citv shall have the authoritv to remove such trees and char�e the cost of removal on the owners' propertv tax notice. Section 9. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by adding to Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof a new Subparagraph f to provide as follows: f. PreservinQ trees—Historical significance. (1) Findings. The founders of Friendswood chose to locate the communitv in its nresent location because of the inspiring, tranquil beaut,y of the huge oaks which occupied the creek banks and surrounding terrain. The name given the new town. Friendswood, was chosen because of its apt description of the settlers, members of the Friends Church, and the topo�phical character of the land, and the woods found in abundance along the four creeks. The city council herebv finds and determines that the preservation of the naturallv wooded topo�raphv is of historical significance to the city_ (2) Purpose. It is the intent of this subsection to encourage the preservation of existin� trees within the citv, and the historical si�nificance thereof, and to prohibit their unwarranted destruction. (31 Site Plans. All site plans, whether commercial, residential or industrial, shall include a survev locatin�v qualified tree which has a Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 6 � . trunk 6" in diameter or greater at a point 18" above the natural round level and which is located in the area between the ed e o�f ad_iacent street frontage paving and 20' inside the property line. On anv such propertv for which a site plan is required bv ordinance for further development of the site, it shall be unlawful for anv person to cause or nermit the destruction of anv so described tree in this area, unless, in the opinion of the citv buildin�official, the tree or trees constitute a hazard to vehicular and or pedestrian traffic or if the prohibition would deprive the propertv owner of reasonable use of and or access to their nropertv, or if removal of the tree or trees is instrumental in enhancing the growth of other trees on the site. Section 10. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by adding to Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof a new Subparagraph g to provide as follows: g. Each lot developed for sin�le familv residential use shall be nrovided with one qualified tree (Class 1 or 2), located in the required front vard, as close as possible to the front propertv line. The tree must be installed after all substantial construction activities on the lot are completed, and shall be required before a Certificate of Occupancv ma��be issued. An exception mav be made by the Buildin� Official for substantiallv wooded lots. Section 11. Said Appendix C of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Friendswood, Texas, is hereby further amended by adding to Paragraph 2 of Subsection I of Section 8 thereof a new Subparagraph h to provide as follows: h. Prohibited conduct. It shall be unlawful for anv person to cause or permit the destruction of anv Qualified tree within twenty (201 feet of the ri�ht-of-way line of anv major thorou�h`e within the citv if such tree has a trunk which exceeds six inches in diameter at a t�oint 18 inches above the natural ground level. Provided, however, it shall not be a violation of anv nrovision hereof if a tree is destroved and removed because same, in the oninion of the citv en ineer constitutes a hazard to nedestrian or vehicular traffic, or unreasonablv restricts the use and enjovment of the propert� Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 7 Section 12. Any person who shall violate any provision of this Ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and,upon conviction, shall be fined in an amount not to exceed$2,000. Each day of violation shall constitute a separate offense. Section 13. In the event any clause phrase, provision, sentence, or part of this Ordinance or the application of the same to any person or circumstances shall for any reason be adjudged invalid or held unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall not affect, impair, or invalidate this Ordinance as a whole or any part or provision hereof other than the part declared to be invalid or unconstitutional; and the City Council of the City of Friendswood, Texas, declares that it would have passed each and every part of the same notwithstanding the omission of any such part thus declared to be invalid or unconstitutional,whether there be one or more parts. PASSED AND APPROVED on first reading this 20thday of October , 1997. PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED on second and final reading this 3rd day of November , 1997. � �..r-` Harold L. Whitaker Mayor ATTEST . Deloris McKenzie, TRMC City Secretary Motion to approve: Councilmember Hajecate Seconded by: Councilmember Dickey Approved: 5-1 Councilmember Austin- Opposed. Absent: Councilmember Manison Tree Preservation Ordinance—Page 8 � , -- QUALIFIED TREE LIST FRIENDSWOOD, TEXAS Trees are divided into four classes. Ciass one and two trees are considered the most valuable in enhancing the environment and are the most likely to prosper in the Friendswood area. Therefore, only class one and two trees shall be approved as new plantings for streets, public right-of-ways, city parks and propertya and parking lots unless other wise approved by the city zoning officer on the advice of an Urban Forester. Species that are classified as shade trees will rea.ch a height and size that will confllict with overhead powerlines, pennanent structures, or the canopy will exceed the limits of a confined space. Species that are ciassified as small trees wiil not provide the protection or aesthetic impact of a large shade tree,yet they are suitable for planting beneath powerlines and are good alternatives for areas of limited space. Class(one through four) Origin N-Native I-Introduced r SItC * 1-Xerophytic(requires little water) * 2-Mesic(requires moderate water with good drainage} * 3-Aquatic(tolerates poor drainage once established -3 years) * Once Established Light 1-Full Sun 2-Moderaxe Sun 3-Sha.de Size 1-b0 feet and greater ultimate height(large shade tree) 2-30 to 60 feet in ultim.ate height(medium tree) 3-30 feet and less in ultimate height(small tree) Fo[iage . D-Deciduous(sheds leaves annually) If placed on the south and west walls will reduce indoor temperatures in summe�-by shading the roof and walls. In winter,these trees allow sunlight through to help heat the house. E-Evergreen(having green leaves/needles through out the year) Can create a wind break if placed on the Northwest side of a building. , SE-Semi evergreen For example, the code for Live Oak is 1/N/2/1/1,which indicaxes that the Live Oak is a class one�species that is native to Texas,requires moderate water with good drainage,demands or tolerates fu11 sun,and will exceed 60 feet in ultimate height. As a shade tree,the Live 0ak will provide protection and has aesthetic impact hut the tree is not suitable for.planting beneath powerlines or within confined spaces. Y � � QUALIFIED TREE LIST FRIENllSWOOD, TE�AS �OMMON NAME ROTANI('Ai.N MF. �j�g�� �Q SI . I"I THT �IZ� E4� White Ash Fraxinus americana 1 N 2 1 1 D Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum 1 N 3 2 1 D Cedar Elm Ulmus crassifolia 1 N 2 1 2 D Chinese Elm Ulmus parvifolia 1 1 2 1 2 D Winged Elm Ulmus alata 1 N 2 1 2 D Black I-iickory Carya texana 1 N 2 1 2 D Shagbark I�'ickory Carya ovata. 1 N 2 1 1 D Water H'ickory Carya aquatica 1 N 3 1 2 D American Holly Ilex opaca. 1 N 2 2 2 E Southern Magnolia Ma.gnolia grandiflora 1 N 2 1 1 E DrummondRed Maple Acer nibrum var.drummondii 1 N 2 1 2 D Bur Oak Quercus macrocarpa 1 N 2 1 1 D Chinquapin Oak Quercus muhlenbergii 1 N 2 I 1 D Live Oak Quercus virguuana 1 N 2 1 I SE Overcup Oak Quercus lyrata 1 N 3 1 1 D Shumard Red Oak Quercus shumard"u 1 N 2 1 1 D Swamp Chesmut Oak Quercus michhauxu 1 N 3 1 1 D Post 4ak Quercus stellata 1 N 2 2 1 D Pecan Carya illinoensis 1 N 2 1 1 D Black Walnut Tugians nigra 1 N 2 1 1 D Red Bay Persea borbonia 1 N 2 2 2 E Mexican Buckeye Ungnadia speeiosa 1 N 2 1 3 D Scarlet(�ed)Buckeye Aesculus pavia 1 N 2 2 3 D Carolina buc,kthom Rhamnus caroliniana 1 N 2 1 3 D Possumhaw I�olly Ilex decidua. 1 N 2 1 3 D Sweet-Bay Magnolia Ma.gnolia virguuana 1 N 2 2 2 SE Texas Mountain-Laurel Sophora secundiflora 1 N 1 1 3 E Ctunese Pistache Pistacia chinensis 1 I 2 1 2 D Wax Myrtle Myrica.cerifera 1 N 2/3 1 3 E Texas Persimmon Diospyros virgi.niana(male) 2 N 1 1 3 D Texas Pistache Pistacia texana 2 I�I 1 1 3 D Eve's Necklace Sophora affinnis 2 N 1 1 3 D Nuttail Oak Quercus nuttallu 2 N 213 1 1 D Water Oak Quercus nigra 2 N 213 1 1 D White Oak Quercus alba 2 N 2 1 1 D VV'illow Oak Quercus phelIos 2 N 2!3 1 1 D Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua 2 N 2 1 1 D American Hornbean Carpinus caroliniana 2 N 2 2 2 D Tulip-Tree Liriodendron tulipifera 2 I 2 2 1 D page 2 � . - . . . • QUALIFIED TREE LIST FRIENDS�NOOD, TEXAS C:OMMQN NAME BO NT - i.NAMF. S'I.�AS� I`�!L �LTE LLG� �IZ� -�2 Arrow-wood Vburnum Viburnum denta.tum 2 N 2 2 3 D Rusty BlackhawVibumum Vibumum cufidulum 2 N 2 2 3 D AnacualSandpaper Tree Ehretia anacua 2 N 2 1 2 E Green Ash Fra�nus pennsylvanica. 2 N 3 2 1 D River Birch Betula nigra 2 N 3 2 2 D American�lm Uimus americana 2 N 2 1 1 D Water Tupelo Nyssa aquatica 2 N 3 2 1 D Honey-Locust Gleditsia tri�canthos 2 N 2 1 2 D Common Eersimmon Diospyros virginiana 2 N 2 1 2 D Snowbell 5tyrax american.a 2 N 2 1 3 D Westem Soapberry Sapindus drummond'u 2 N 2 1 2 D American Sycamore Platanus occidentalis 2 N 2 1 1 D Woollybucket Bumeiia Bumelia lanuginosa 2 N 2 2 2 D Rough-leaf Dogwood Comus drummondu 2 N 2 3 3 D Parsley Hawthorn Crataegus marshallii 2 N 2 2 3 D Yaupon HoIly Ilex vomitoria 2 N 2 1/2 3 E Huisache Acacia farnesiana 2 N 1 1 3 D Cherry Laurel Pnuius caroliniana 2 N 2 2 2 D Challe Maple Acer leucoderme 2 N 2 2 2 D Paloverde Parkinsonnia aculeata 2 N 1 1 2 D Mexican Plum Prunus mexicana 2 N 1 1 3 D Texas Redbud Cercis can,adensis texensis 2 N 2 2 3 D Eastem Redhud Cercis canadensis 2 N 2 2 2 D Sassafias Sassafras albidum 2 N 2 2 2 D Eastern Red Cedar Juniperus virginiana 2 N 2 2 2 E Common Crapemyrtle Lagerstroemia indica 2 I 2 1 3 D Common Fig Ficus carica 2 I 2 1 3 D Ornamental Holly Ilex spp. 2 I 2 2 3 E Loquat Eriobotrya japonica 2 I 2 2 3 E Callery Peari$raford Pyrus calleryana 2 I 2 1 3 D Wright Acacia Acacua wrightu 2 N 1 1 3 D Weeping VV�illow Salix babylonica 3 I 3 1 2 D Camphor-Tree Cinnamomum camphora 3 I 2 1 2 E Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides(male) 3 N 2 1 1 D Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia 3 N 3 1 2 D Box-Elder Maple Acer negundo 3 N 2 2 2 D Red Mulberry Monls rubra 3 N 2 1 2 D White Mulberry Monis alba 3 N 2 1 2 D Common Pear Pyrus communis 3 N 2 1 2 D LoblolIy Pine Pinus taeda 3 N 2 1 1 E page 3 QUALIFIED TREE LIST FRIENDSWOOD, TE�AS �OIVIMON TT�MF BOT NT . L NAMF. �:LAS� I�lI �IT� LL�HT SIZ� F�2 Slash Pine Pinus elloittii 3 I 2 I 1 E Black Willow Saiix nigra 3 N 3 1 2 D Japanese Yew Podocacpus ma.crophyllus 3 I 2 1 2 E American Elderberry Sambucus canadensis 3 N 2 2 3 D Ftowering Crabapple Malus spp. 3 I 2 1 3 D Japenese:Maple Acer palmatum 3 I 2 2 3 D Japanese Biack Pine Pinus thunbergi 3 I 2 1 2 E Hercules-ClubPrickly Ash Zanthoxylum clava-herculis 3 N 1 1 3 D Vtex Vtex agnus-casius 3 I 1 1 3 D Golden-Ra.intree Koelreuteria paniculata 3 I 2 1 2 D Sugar Hackberry Celtis laevigata 3 N 2 1 2 D Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa. 3 N 1 1 2 D Catalpa Catalpa bignonioides 3 N 2 1 2 D Arborvita.e Thuja spp. 4 I Munosa(Sillctree) Albizia julibrissin 4 I Silver Ma.ple Acer saccharinum 4 I Ariz.ona Ash Fraxinus velutina 4 I Berlandier Ash Fraxinus berlandieriana 4 I Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila 4 I Chinese Tallow Sapium sebiferum 4 I Chinaberry Melia azedarach 4 I An applicant may propose species not on this list which may be approved by the city building official after consultation with an Urban Forester. P[ease note that ia ctin� re�s on city property and right-of-ways are protected by this ordinance although they may be Iisted as a class 3 or 4. [See Zoning Ordinance Section S�,3� I�1ote" Above list compiled 1997 by. �Eric Beckers, Stafl Forester II with the Texas Forest Service(Urhan Forester) Sue Lang and Doris Heard, members ar Tree Ordinance Cominittee