HomeMy WebLinkAboutZBOA Minutes 1982-02-23 Regular MINUTES OF A REGULAR MEETING OF THE
ZONING BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT
• Ill February 23, 1982
Regular Members Present:
Alternate Members Present:
Business Transacted:
was sworn in as a Board member for the
meeting with no objections.
The first order of business was to elect a permanent chairman.
suggested continuing with an "acting"
situation or rotating the chair, especially since there were only
three regular members present at the meeting. The members discussed
the merits of having a permanent chairman and vice chairman. It was
agreed to wait until all regular members are in attendance (or at
least four out of five) before a decision is made.
For the record, the Board of Adjustment will meet on the fourth
Tuesday of every month at 7:00 p.m. in the Council room, unless
otherwise noted. Any posted memo or notice should include this
information.
Bobbie Henry sent apologies to the Board regarding a misunder-
standing in which it was stated that Elvia Salyer would act as
secretary for the Board. She will not act as secretary. Ms. Henry
agreed to furnish a secretary.
The tapes of the meeting should be kept and not erased until
the minutes are read at the next meeting of the Board. Each member
and alternate member should receive a copy of the minutes of each
meeting.
moved that Ed Dykes continue as acting chairman
until a permanent chairman is established. The motion was seconded,
voted, and approved.
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The meeting was then turned over to John Olson, City Attorney,
who introduced Bob McConnel, an associate member of his law firm.
Mr. Olson discussed procedures and statutes which provide for a
Board of Adjustment (1O11.A - 1O11.J). He distinguished between
the duties of a Board of Adjustment and a Zoning Commission. A
Zoning Commission serves to recommend to City Council adoptions or
changes in zoning ordinances. They have no authority other than to
make recommendations to City Council, and are usually not involved
in court cases and law suits.
A Board of Adjustment is a quasi-judicial body. It is the final
authority as far as the city is concerned and can be involved in
court actions. The Board of Adjustment serves three functions:
1) It allows the granting of variances from the terms of an
ordinance when it can be shown that there is undue hardship
involved, etc. A variance usually covers situations not
thought of during the writing of the ordinance (exceptions
to the general rule). The variance should be consistent
with the general scheme of the zoning ordinance or master
plan of the city.
2) It grants special exceptions (not as prevalent as variances) .
A special exception exists when an ordinance states that if
certain conditions are met, a variance will be granted.
Special exceptions are planned for. Lot size is the most
typical example of special exception provisions.
3) It considers appeals. Statute provides for an official to
implement the terms of zoning ordinances, usually a building
official (who grants permits, etc. ) . This administrative
official insures that all building plans comply with codes,
ordinances, etc. If someone disagrees with his interpreta-
tion of the zoning ordinance, he may appeal to the Board
and the Board will be the deciding official. The appeal
should be similar to a court hearing. Once the Board has
decided a case, the applicant may appeal to a district
court in the county. (This also applies to variance and
special exception cases. ) The courts generally will not
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overrule a Board's decision unless they feel the decision
was totally without merit, arbitrary, or capricious.
IllThe Board discussed the differences between appeals, variances,
and special exceptions and the advisability of having legal counsel
in any case. Mr. Olson also stated that he felt it was generally
not advisable to tape hearings, but better to have written minutes
prepared by a secretary or reporter. The members discussed reasons
for using a tape recorder and decided that tapes would not normally
be made of meetings, except in the absence of a secretary.
stated that in most past appeal cases,
the applicants did not disagree with the building official's inter-
pretation of the ordinance, but they appealed to the Board request-
ing a variance for their particular situation. Mr. Olson said that
cases of this nature would not be the same as an appeal where there
is an actual difference of opinion as to what the ordinance actually
says. The Board can only rule on cases within its three areas of
authority.
There must always be at least four members present to vote on
any matter. Meetings of the Board are subject to the requirements of
the Open Meetings Act. Written notice must be posted 72 hours in
advance as well as an agenda of items for discussion. Meetings can
go into closed executive session. If this occurs, members should
• note the statutory provision by which the Board is retiring to
executive session. If the Board retires to executive session to
discuss pending litigation, the lawyer must be present.
The Board may adopt rules or procedures for the conduct of meetings.
Mr. Olson said he would provide examples. These provide for organi-
zation of the Board, officers, etc. The elected secretary does not
necessarily have to be the person responsible for preparing minutes,
but should certify documents, attest signatures, etc. It is permis-
sible to have someone from outside the Board sit in and take notes of
the proceedings for minutes. The chairman is the presiding officer
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of the Board. The vice chairman acts in the absence of a chairman.
The secretary is the official custodian of the records. It can be
provided that the city secretary keep the records of Board meetings.
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Mr. Olson recommended that the Board have written rules of procedure,
particularly for filing variances, conducting meetings, etc.
suggested that the present procedures be
revised to clarify requirements. suggested that
this be covered at the next meeting.
The members discussed meeting dates, notification requirements
for appeals, and requirements for posting meeting notices, etc.
Mr. Olson advised that all records of the Board are public
record and must be made available, if requested.
Agendas should be as specific as possible and clear enough so
that any citizen could understand what will be occurring at the
meeting. Sufficient information should be included for all variance
requests, etc. , so that it will be clear as to what is involved.
Rules or procedures are needed which specify what a motion should
include.
Minutes should be specific as to substance, and as brief and
to the point as possible. All motions should be "ver batim." The
vote should be recorded. All those present at the meeting should
be listed, not just Board members (a sign-in sheet was suggested) .
Mr. Olson suggested that it would be a good idea to have people
state whether they were "pro" or "con" an issue or appeal when they
sign in. The Board can establish their own rules, within reason,
for people appearing or speaking before the Board provided the
rules do not obstruct the open meetings provisions. Members dis-
cussed interested parties' rights to be heard at meetings and
appellants' rights in calling citizens as witnesses.
The Board has the authority to charge a fee for application
for a variance, etc.
The procedures should state a timetable for filing appeals,
as well as times for posting notices, notifying interested parties, etc.
stated that the Board generally requires
the applicant (for a variance) to submit letters by neighbors
agreeing to the variance. _ stated that popular
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or personal opinion should have no bearing on the Board's decision.
The Board should base its decision on the elements or guidelines
for determination of a variance, and the spirit of the ordinance.
The order of business at meetings is entirely at the Board's
discretion. Some guidelines are necessary; however, to keep the
meetings from getting out of hand.
Any action of the Board requires concurring vote (four
affirmative votes) . Members should be certain that the Mayor is
aware that alternates are being used. There should be no more
than five members participating on the Board at meetings.
All members should be sworn in. Any notary public can perform
the swearing in, or the chairman of the body which is being served
(City Council) may perform the swearing in. Alternates should take
an oath. Alternate members should also be declared as members of
the Board for that particular meeting, and this should be reflected
in the minutes. The Mayor should be advised when alternates are
being used. The chairman should designate which alternate members
should serve on the Board in order to limit the Board to five
participating members (in case there are too many present) .
Alternates should be designated as first, second, third, etc. , in
order to clarify which alternates should serve and which should not
when more than needed are in attendance. A procedure should be
established to determine in advance which regular members will be
in attendance and how many alternates are needed, and then notify
the Mayor. The City Manager may substitute for the Mayor in this
instance and appoint the alternates, etc. Mr. Olson suggested
that by home rule statutes, the Board could even designate the
chairman as the person who appoints alternates.
stated that it has been the practice in the past to request members
to notify his office if they will attend or be absent, on the
Friday prior to the meeting, so alternates may be requested if
necessary.
111.
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Mr. Olson agreed to provide written orders for granting or
denial of a variance, granting or denial of a modification, granting
or denial of a special exception, and order for appeal. These are
fill-in-the-blank forms and have recitations and statutory elements
for granting, etc.
When an appeal is taken for a decision by the Board, the
statute says "ten days from the time the official papers are filed
with the secretary." Currently, the time table does not begin to
run until after a month because there is no official record until
then. These forms (as provided by Mr. Olson) can be used as a
formal order of the Board. They can be signed, attested, and filed
immediately in the secretary's office the next morning so that
the appellant's time table can begin to run.
asked Mr. Olson to explain the difference
between special exception and variance, and specific use. Mr. Olson
explained that a variance could not be used to change the meaning
or substance of an ordinance. A special exception, by ordinance,
states the facts that must exist before variance is granted. It
is a matter of law. Specific use is a rezoning. The group
discussed whether churches are covered by municipal regulations.
Mr. Olson explained that the law has recently been changed such
that churches are covered by zoning ordinances, etc.
The members discussed commercial and residential zoning,
specifically a residence located in a commercial zone and variances
to that effect. Mr. Olson suggested that the members obtain and
study a copy of the city's master plan.
Mr. Olson turned the meeting over to Mr. McConnel, who dis-
cussed elements that should be considered when considering a
variance or special exception and appeal.
If an affected party disagrees with a determination of the
Board, he can go to the court house to obtain a
by which the court requests records of the proceedings. It is
recommended that certified copies of these records be sent rather
than original records.
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On a variance, the court will see if there was substantial
evidence in the proceedings to support the action of the Board.
IllIf so, the court should uphold the Board's decision. It can
accept more evidence in order to make its determination.
A variance cannot change the zoning classification; it is
only for cases of undue hardship upon a property owner. Opinions
of neighbors or other people do not constitute substantial
evidence.
asked for an explanation of public interest.
Public interest is that which Council determines is in the best
interest from the standpoint of health, safety, and welfare (this
does not mean popular opinion) .
To grant a variance, there must be some evidence of hardship.
It cannot be a self-imposed hardship. Economic hardship, standing
alone, does not constitute undue hardship.
asked about liability on the part of the
Board for a decision it makes regarding the granting of a variance.
Mr. Olson explained that the Board probably would not be subjected
to liability as a result of granting a variance; however, if a
variance was refused, and denial was found to be arbitrary or
capricious, there could be damages leveled against the city. The
Board should always try to determine that a hardship really exists
for a determination of variance; for example, in cases of accidental
encroachment over set-backs, etc. , where construction has already
progressed (deceit not included) . The members discussed hypothetical
situations which would or would not be considered undue hardship,
as well as past instances where variance decisions were made.
asked what the extent of liability would be for
poor judgement (on the part of the Board). Mr. Olson explained
that he did not think the Board could expose themselves to liability
by the granting of a variance.
Decisions of the Board should not be precedent-setting; that
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is, a decision for one area or one situation may not be the same as
for another situation. Decisions should be consistent, however.
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Although the Board has no authority in the granting of liquor
licenses, it may, through zoning, control the location of liquor
stores, etc.
Board members are appointed for two-year terms. They can be
reappointed at the end of a term and there is no limit to the
number of consecutive terms served. A member must be sworn in
again for each new term.
Mr. Olson explained that technical details and formalities
are of great importance when dealing with law suits, etc.
Mr. Olson suggested that the Board extend the period of com-
pliance for signs which are, after eight years, in good shape or
still relatively new. The life of the sign must be determined
and considered by the Board in granting extension, etc. Life of
the sign is determined by the materials used in its construction
and other factors, and involves careful study.
explained that this would be more of a problem with a sign erected
before the sign ordinance went into effect, but still in good
condition after eight years, than for signs constructed since the
ordinance. Mr. Olson explained that owners of non-conforming
signs in existence at the time the ordinance went into effect were
required to obtain non-conformance permits. Sign owners who did
not obtain such a permit are liable for action by the Board.
The meeting was adjourned.
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